Olympus Optical Company, Ltd.

Yoshio Nakajima

Shuichi Takayama

Teruo Iwasawa

Kosaku Tsuboshima

Masafumi Yamazaki

Yutaka Takahashi

Mamoru Aihara

Tsuyoshi Matsuura

Nagahiro Gocho

Masao Izawa

Shinichiro Hattori

Makoto Yoshinaga

Atsuo Goto

Toshio Shinohara

Shinroku Sogi

Ichiro Sawamura

Shin-ichi Kamachi

Akira Shirai

Hiroshi Fujiwara

Yuichiro Akatsuka

Kaori Ichikawa

Shinichi Kamachi

Shin-ichiro Hattori

For an optical card in which write-once-information can be optically recorded as a file, an optical card provided with a registered region of directory information including a file name discriminating a file and a file size, a registered region of directory modified information for enabling to delete and modify the directory information, such as renaming is disclosed. Also, a management method of an optical card file in which the directory information can be deleted and modified, such as renamed by the directory modified information is disclosed.

Optical card having registered region for directory modified information

After an error correcting code is added to a data to be recorded at recording, a data converting process, such as data rotation or data interchange is executed so as to exceed an error correcting ability when the data is reproduced at reproducing, and then the data is recorded on a recording medium. At the time of data reproducing, an inverse data converting process of the data converting process at the time of data recording is executed and then, errors are corrected to restore the data. In a case when the data converting process at reproducing does not coincide with the inverse data converting process at recording, errors exceeding the error correcting ability are generated in most of the cases. Thus, the information recording/reproducing apparatus of this invention has a function for protecting the data.

Information recording/reproducing apparatus for converting and

A read head makes a relative movement with respect to a recording medium to simultaneously read data from at least two of a plurality of recording areas of the recording medium in which the data is recorded. A memory section stores data from at least one of the two recording areas read by the read head. A relative position detecting section detects a relative position between the recording medium and the read head. A controlling section controls a storing operation of the data from the one of the two recording areas into the memory section, on the basis of an output of the relative position detecting section. A readout section reads out the data stored in the memory section in synchronization with a clock of a specified period. A modulation section demodulates the data read out by the readout section, after the modulation of the data read from another of the two recording areas.

Information reproducing apparatus capable of eliminating jitters

This optical recording medium includes a data part which is a region for recording data and a directory part which is a region for recording its management or direction information. The directory information relating to the above-mentioned data is recorded in the above-mentioned directory part having a hierarchical tree structure. In the recording and reproducing apparatus by using the above-mentioned recording medium, in retrieving data, by retrieving the directory information in the order of a large classification, medium classification and small classification, the data can be detected. Even a large volume of data can be retrieved at a high speed and the data is efficiently managed. It is effective particularly with recording medium with small numbers of sectors per track such as an optical card.

Optical recording medium

A reloadable optical recording/reproducing apparatus for reloading data continuously from a recording area of a recording medium, onto which data has been recorded at the preceding recording operation, in accordance with the same modulating rule, the reloadable optical recording/reproducing apparatus comprising: a VFO circuit in which a reading VFO signal is obtained from a read signal obtained from a fact that an optical head scans an optical card; a demodulating circuit for demodulating the read signal and outputting demodulated data; a terminal recognizing device for detecting a synchronizing pattern of the terminal of the recording area, onto which data has been recorded at the preceding recording operation, from the demodulated data and outputting a terminal signal; a delay compensating device for proceeding the phase of the reading VFO signal at the timing defined in accordance with the terminal signal so as to output it as a writing VFO signal; a modulating device for modulating data to be reloaded in accordance with the writing VFO signal; and a laser diode drive circuit for performing reloading by driving the optical head in accordance with the output from the modulating circuit.

Reloadable optical recording/reproducing apparatus

A film end detector for use in automatic film winding camera comprises a rotary disc having a light transmitting area and mounted on the drive shaft of a motor which is used to wind up a film automatically. The rotation of the disc is monitored by a combination of a light source and light receiving, photoelectric transducer element which are disposed to monitor the passage of light through the light transmitting area, thus detecting a film end. Logic circuits examine the output of the photoelectric transducer element at predetermined intervals to ascertain the completion or failure of completion of a normal film-winding operation.

Film end detector for use in automatic film winding camera

A photographing apparatus employs a real time photometry technique, and includes a central processing unit to which information concerning the characteristic of a film such as a film speed and other information relating to photographing conditions are supplied through input means. The central processing unit selectively controls the connection of integrating capacitors in an integrating circuit on the basis of such input information, and accurately derives an expected exposure period and the remainder of the exposure period. Also, a display of various information is permitted.

Photographing apparatus

A photographing apparatus includes a central processing unit to which input information is supplied inclusive of film speed, correction factors to correct for the failure of the reciprocity law and other photographing conditions which are based on such input information, controls a selective connection of integrating capacitors in an integrating circuit and calculates an expected exposure period and the remainder of the exposure period in which the failure of the reciprocity law is corrected for.

A photographing apparatus detects whether a film winding assembly mounted utilizes an automatic or a manual film winding mechanism. The apparatus includes detecting means in the form of a diode across which a voltage is developed in response to a current flow through a film winding motor of the automatic film winding mechanism. The voltage developed across the diode permits a discrimination whether the film winding assembly mounted utilizes an automatic or a manual film winding mechanism.

An apparatus for detecting an in-focused condition of optical systems by using two values of indices of performance each derived from the number of differences between illumination signals obtained per picture element, comprising first and second image sensors arranged in front of and in the rear of a focal plane of the optical system, first and second analog data processing circuits, and a comparing means.

Apparatus for detecting an in-focused condition of optical systems

An integrating time detector derives an integrating time interval within a reduced period of time, by decreasing a reference voltage against which an integrated voltage is compared in accordance with a time function stored in a computer.

Integrating time detector for photographic apparatus

A reversed image sensing apparatus comprising an image sensor composed of a charge transfer element including photosensitive elements arranged in a picture element unit, an optical system including a focusing lens and a light source and focusing an image recorded on a recording medium onto said image sensor, a voltage inverting circuit operative to receive the output video signal from said image sensor and produce a reversed video signal, a photosensitive element operative to detect the brightness of said light source, and a compensating circuit operative to automatically correct said reversed video signal on the basis of the brightness signal delivered from said photosensitive element in response to charge in said light source.

Reversed image sensing apparatus

An apparatus for detecting the in-focusing conditions for use in an optical machinery such as cameras, microscopes or endoscopes is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a light receiver arranged with an angle of inclination against an image surface of an optical system and consisting of a plurality of charge transfer elements aligned as a picture element array; means for deriving illuminance signals from the picture element array of the light receiver and means for treating the illuminance signals to detect the in-focused position of the optical system.

Apparatus for detecting the in-focusing conditions

A photometric system for use in an image pick-up device is disclosed. The photometric system comprises the steps of forming an image focussed by a camera lens system on a light receiver consisting of a plurality of charge transfer elements arranged in a picture element array; selectively deriving luminance signals of amplitude having a value within a range of about .+-.2 exposure values around a reference exposure value corresponding to a mean value between a maximum value and a minimum value of the amplitude of the luminance signals; and seeking a mean value of the selected luminance signals to photometrically measure the light of automatically selected portions on the average.

Photometric system

An apparatus for detecting the in-focusing conditions is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a light guide member having light incident end arranged along a plane which is placed at an angle of inclination against a predetermined focal plane of an optical system; a light receiver arranged near a light outlet end of the light guide member and consisting of a plurality of charge transfer elements arranged to receive light from the outlet end as a picture element array; means for deriving illuminance signals from the picture element array of the light receiver; and means for treating the illuminance signals to detect the in-focused position of the optical system.

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Hachioji, Japan

Yoshio Nakajima