Hitachi, Ltd.

Hitachi Plant Engineering Construction Co., Ltd.

Yoshio Naganuma

Atsushi Morihara

Katsunori Ouchi

Koji Sato

Kazuji Yamada

Hiroshi Yokoyama

Akihiro Yamada

Hideo Arakawa

Akira Tanaka

Kenji Baba

Tasao Soga

Yukio Hishinuma

Kunio Miyazaki

Yasuo Koseki

Hirokazu Inoue

Shunsuke Nogita

Osamu Miura

Akira Yamada

Shuntaro Koyama

Ryuichi Kaji

Makoto Shimoda

Ichiro Enbutsu

Toshihiro Fukuda

Hideo Fukutake

In order to operate a plurality of utilities, the utilities are interconnected via a communication path. Each utility has a control device for controlling the utility and a memory for storing information factors which are used by the corresponding control device. The information factors corresponding to all the utilities are investigated by an extraction device to determine which are common to the utilities and which are related. Where the common information factors are identified, they are passed by the communication path to the memories of all the utilities. Similarly, when related information factors are found, a calculating device calculates common information which is also passed via the communication path to the memories of all the utilities. In this way, the utilities may operate more efficiently than when they are operated on a stand-alone basis. The investigation of the information factors, and the calculating of common information from related information factors may be distributed among the utilities or carried out by a common control device. The utilities may be electric power supply systems, district heating and cooling systems, sewage disposal systems, waste recovery systems, etc.

Method of operating a plurality of utilities, a utilities network system

A heat storage apparatus includes a tank containing a heat storage medium and having an upper region and a lower region for holding the heat storage medium at respective temperatures above and below atmospheric temperature. To reduce heat losses and increase flexibility of use, an intermediate region having heat storage medium is maintained in the tank between the upper and lower regions at a temperature between the upper and lower temperatures. The desired temperature of the intermediate region is maintained by heating or cooling its heat storage medium, for example by use of an otherwise unused low-grade heat source.

Heat storage apparatus and method

An electronic equipment has heat pipes for radiating heat generated from heat generating electronic parts. The electronic parts are arranged such that electronic parts generating more heat are arranged nearer to a heat radiating portion of each heat pipe to prevent a phenomenon of dryout and radiate the heat efficiently, whereby heat generated from the electronic parts such as LSI chips can be effectively radiated and an excessive rise in temperature of the electronic parts can be suppressed. When the invention is applied to computers, the entire computer size can be reduced.

Electronic equipment and computer with heat pipe

A semiconductor package for use in computers includes a insulating substrate onto which a semiconductor device is mounted, an insulating cap which shuts out outside air and seals said semiconductor device, power-source lines which provide power to the semiconductor device, and signal lines which transmit output signals from the semiconductor device to external circuits. The signal lines are arranged perpendicularly to the insulating substrate so that they are prevented from the dielectric constant of the insulating substrate, while the power-source lines are formed within the insulating substrate and connected through conductive layers parallel to the surface onto which the semiconductor is mounted to external leads.

Semiconductor package and computer using the package

A plurality of semiconductor elements are mounted on a substrate. A plurality of cooling elements are inserted between a thermal conductor for conducting a heat generated from the semiconductor elements to a cooling medium and the semiconductor elements. A channel for conducting the generated heat of the semiconductor elements to the cooling medium is provided near the cooling elements and between the thermal conductor and a channel plate mounted on the thermal conductor.

Semiconductor cooling module

A heat conducting member is placed in the space between a semiconductor chip which generates heat and a heat transfer block which is cooled by a coolant, and the heat conducting member conducts heat from the semiconductor chip to the heat transfer block. The heat conducting member has a slanted surface which is inclined with respect to a surface to be cooled of the corresponding semiconductor chip. Even when the semiconductor chip is displaced or inclined with respect to the heat transfer block, the whole of the cooling surface of the semiconductor chip can be kept in contact with the corresponding heat conducting member.

Cooling apparatus and semiconductor device employing the same

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Hitachi, Japan

Yoshio Naganuma