Hitachi, Ltd.

Yoshimasa A Ono

Satoshi Watanabe

Yasuo Wada

Tomihiro Hashizume

Masahiko Ichimura

Toshiyuki Onogi

Yoshimasa Murayama

Yuji Suwa

Moriaki Fuyama

Kenichi Onisawa

Takahiro Nakayama

Yoshio Abe

Katsumi Tamura

Akira Sato

Kazuo Taguchi

Kenichi Hashimoto

A ferromagnetic material can be formed in a very small size on the order of an atomic size and is capable of being stably magnetized. The ferromagnetic material comprises basic unit structures each consisting of a first atom ( ), a second atom ( ) of the same kind as the first atom ( ), and a third atom (or atomic group) ( ) of the same kind as the first atom ( ) or of a kind different from that of the first atom ( ). In each of the basic unit structures, the atoms are arranged on a surface of a substrate so that a chemical bond ( ) is formed between the first atom or molecule and the third atom or molecule, a chemical bond ( ) is formed between the second atom or molecule and the third atom or molecule, and a chemical bond or an electron path ( ) not passing the third atom is formed between the first and the second atom or molecule, wherein said third atoms or molecules consist of As atoms.

Ferromagnetic material and magnetic apparatus employing the ferromagnetic material

A ferromagnetic material can be formed in a very small size on the order of an atomic size and is capable of being stably magnetized. The ferromagnetic material comprises basic unit structures each consisting of a first atom (,), a second atom (,) of the same kind as the first atom (,), and a third atom (or atomic group) (,) of the same kind as the first atom (,) or of a kind different from that of the first atom (,). In each of the basic unit structures, the atoms are arranged on a surface of a substrate so that a chemical bond (,) is formed between the first atom or molecule and the third atom or molecule, a chemical bond (,) is formed between the second atom or molecule and the third atom or molecule, and a chemical bond or an electron path (,) not passing the third atom is formed between the first and the second atom or molecule, wherein said third atoms or molecules consist of As atoms.

A ferromagnetic fine line has no loss of spontaneous magnetization even when fabricated ultra-small. The magnetization can be controlled by the proximity of the electrodes and the atomic level structure, and is protected from adsorption of impurities by embedding the ferromagnetic fine line in a nonmagnetic atomic layer.

Ferromagnetic fine line and magnetic apparatus thereof

A fine wire is fabricated by supplying metal atoms to one row or a plurality of rows formed by extraction of terminated atoms or molecules to the surface of substance made non-conductive by terminating all dangling bonds on the surface thereof with atoms or molecules. The conductivity of the fine wire can be attained by supplying metal atoms larger in number to that required for just terminating dangling bonds formed by extraction of terminated atoms or molecules.

Atomic wire and atomic wire switch

A fine wire is fabricated by supplying metal atoms to one row or a plurality of rows formed by extraction of terminated atoms or molecules at the surface of a substrate made non-conductive by terminating all dangling bonds on the surface thereof with atoms or molecules. The conductivity of the fine wire can be attained by supplying metal atoms larger in number to that required for just terminating dangling bonds formed by extraction of terminated atoms or molecules.

A ferromagnetic material can be formed in a very small size on the order of an atomic size and is capable of being stably magnetized. The ferromagnetic material comprises basic unit structures each consisting of a first atom (11), a second atom (12) of the same kind as the first atom (11), and a third atom (or atomic group) (13) of the same kind as the first atom (11) or of a kind different from that of the first atom (11). In each of the basic unit structures, the atoms are arranged on a surface of a substrate so that a chemical bond (14) is formed between the first atom or and the third atom or molecule, a chemical bond (14) is formed between the second atom and the third atom or molecule, a chemical bond or an electron path (15) not passing the third atom is formed between the first and the second atom.

Ferromagnetic material and magnetic apparatus employing the

In an electroluminescence element including light emitting layers emitting light by applying AC voltages thereto the light emitting layer consists of a light emitting layer emitting red light and a light emitting layer emitting bluish green light and a blue filter transmitting blue light and a green filter transmitting green light are disposed on the light emitting surface side of the bluish green light emitting layer. In this way it is possible to take out red, blue and green lights at an approximately equal brightness level and to realize full color.

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Mito, Japan

Yoshimasa A Ono