Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Shin-etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.

Uchida Yoko Co., Ltd.

Yoshiaki Nishimura

Jun Murata

Hiroshi Mayuzumi

Nobuo Nakamura

Satoshi Yuasa

Katsuo Kawano

Akiya Kume

Manabu Ando

Nobutoshi Hayashi

Jyunji Takashita

Kinya Ogawa

Masahiko Miyamoto

Yukinori Nagata

Takao Oshima

Yoichi Hirasawa

Koichi Itoh

Tsutomu Kashiwagi

Yasushi Sato

Kimio Nakahata

Tsunenori Ashibe

Yukihiro Ohzeki

Koichi Hiroshima

Hiroshige Okinoshima

Junji Araya

Tatsunori Ishiyama

Kiyoshi Mizoe

Hisao Kato

Yuzi Ishihara

Naoki Shirai

Ryuichi Iwamasa

Seiya Yamada

Nobuhiko Hirayama

Masahiko Miyamato

A presentation system can effectively present an exhibit as an exhibition content to a viewer. According to the present invention, in order to perform an effective presentation in a presentation space, an iconthat symbolically represents a presentation subject and has identification information thereof stored in a non-contact IC tag, a presentation table, a display apparatusand a content display control apparatusare basically provided, and when the icon is placed on the presentation table, the identification information stored in the tag of the icon is read, and the control apparatusdisplays a content associated with that information on the display apparatus

Presentation system

The present invention relates to a charging member for charging a surface of a member to be charged in an image forming apparatus, and one aspect of the present invention provides a charging member having an outermost surface layer containing a conductive elastic material. The conductive elastic material comprises a polymer including a polar polymer, primarily including (i) acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, (ii) an ethylene oxide-propylene oxide-allyl glycidyl ether terpolymer, and (iii) a homopolymer of epichlorohydrin. The weights x, y and z of the components (i), (ii) and (iii), respectively, have a relationship of 0.2&#x3c;y/(x+y+z)&#x2266;0.5 and 4&#x3c;y/z&#x2266;20. This charging member can realize uniform charging and is small in resistance variation, even when used for a long time.

Charging member, and image-forming apparatus and process cartridge which make use of the same

This invention provides an improved electrifying member capable of that can have an electric voltage applied to it to electrify a surface of another member which is to be electrified. In particular, said electrifying member comprises an electrically conductive elastomer obtained by vulcanizing a mixture containing a nitryl rubber, a liquid nitryl rubber, and a non-polar polymer. Therefore, the invention provides an improved electrophotograph apparatus employing the above improved electrifying member, which has a relatively uniform electric resistance and uniform electrifying characteristics, has almost no change in its characteristics even if it has been used for a long time period, and is non-viscous and thus will not stick to a photosensitive body (to be electrified) so that it will not contaminate the photosensitive body.

Electrifying member comprising an electrically conductive elastomer, and

A cellular conductive roller has closed cells and open cells with conductive powder filling the open cells of the cellular conductive roller. A method for making a cellular conductive roller includes filling the open cells in the cellular conductive roller with conductive powder, adhering a tacky sheet to the surface of said cellular conductive roller; then peeling said tacky sheet off the surface of said cellular conductive roller. Also disclosed is an electrophotographic device using the cellular conductive roller and a process cartridge into which the cellular conductive roller is integrated.

Cellular conductive roller with conductive powder filling open cells in

A charging member supplied with a voltage to charge a charge-receiving member such as an electrophotographic photosensitive member has an elastic layer of an ethylene-propylene copolymer containing a diene component. The ethylene-propylene copolymer has an iodine value of 23-32. The charging member is improved in resistance to permanent deformation while providing excellent images for a long period.

Charging member and electrophotographic apparatus using the same

A white electroconductive coating composition includes a white pigment having a whiteness of at least 60, a white conductive material having a whiteness of at least 50 and a volume resistivity of at most 1.times.10.sup.10 ohm.cm. The coating composition is suitable to provide a a coating film showing a whiteness of at least 60 and a surface resistivity of at most 1.times.10.sup.11 ohm/cm.sup.2. Such a white conductive layer may be formed on a back side of a surface insulating film of a transfer material carrying member of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus to provide a reference white pattern for detecting a density of a toner image formed on the carrying member, thereby allowing controlled image formation based on the detected density data.

White electroconductive coating composition and transfer

The present invention pertains to a charging member which is energized to charge a chargeable member by contact-electrification and which comprises a conductive elastic layer having a surface layer containing a polymer having a main chain containing a structural unit of the following formula:

Charging member and image-forming unit having the same

The present invention pertains to an elastic member and a charging roller for electrophotography which are provided with an electrical semi-conductive elastic layer on a conductive body with an adhesive layer arranged between them. The adhesive layer contains carbon black and graphite at a total content of 20 to 80 phr as conductive fillers and also contains a thermoplastic elastomer as a binder. Disclosed is an electrophotographic device having an elastic member and an electrophotographic photosensitive body.

Elastic member for electrophotography and electrophotographic device

A charging member suitable for charging, e.g., a photosensitive member for electrophotography, is provided with improve surface-properties. The charging member is surface with a resin formed by plasticizing a rigid polymer with a plasticizing polymer chemically bonded to the rigid polymer.

Charging member with surface layer comprising polymers, and image

An artificial soil structure includes at least one hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles provided in a soil. A particle size of the hydrophobic particles can be 2000 micrometers and less. The hydrophobic particles are sand and/or dirt treated with a water-repellent agent or hydrophobic particles having a high molecular weight polymer. An artificial water-retentive soil structure includes a soil block containing a water-retentive agent and a hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles provided on the soil block. A method of preventing land desertification includes the steps of placing a hydrophobic layer of hydrophobic particles in a soil at a prescribed depth from the earth surface and controlling the water content in said soil.

Artificial soil structure and a method of preventing land

There is disclosed a polishing apparatus utilizing a gel material as the polishing tool, in which the gel material is rotated in the vicinity of a surface to be polished, or is given rotating and rocking motions in direct contact with the surface to be polished.

Polishing apparatus

An image forming apparatus includes a movable image bearing member; an image forming device for forming an image on the image bearing member; a transfer device for transferring an image from the image bearing member to a transfer material at a transfer position, wherein the transfer device is contactable to a backside of the transfer material at the transfer position and includes a charging member including a double oxide and a voltage source for applying a voltage to the charging member, and wherein the voltage source constant-voltage-controls the charging member when an image region of the image bearing member is at the transfer position, and constant-current-controls the charging member in at least a part of a period when the image region of the image bearing member is not at the transfer position, wherein a constant voltage for the constant voltage control is determined on the basis of the constant current control.

Transferring device having charging device with double oxide and voltage

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Tokyo, Japan

Yoshiaki Nishimura