The Boc Group, Inc.

Baxter International Inc.

Baxter Healthcare Sa

Yongxian Zeng

Satish S Tamhankar

Donald L MacLean

Narayanan Ramprasad

Frank R Fitch

Ravi Kumar Jain

Kirk Walton Limbach

Divyanshu R Acharya

Linas V Kudzma

Ramakrishnan Ramachandran

Hong-Chang Lee

Leonid A Rozov

Richard Henry Clarke

Sekharipuram V Krishnan

Martin Bülow

Jerry Y S Lin

Ronald Bell

Rudolph J Wolf

Yue-Sheng Lin

Linas Kudzma

A method of purifying crude sevoflurane comprising (i) providing crude sevoflurane and an aqueous base to a first centrifugal separator, wherein the crude sevoflurane comprises sevoflurane and hexafluoroisopropanol; (ii) mixing the crude sevoflurane and the aqueous base in the first centrifugal separator; and (iii) separating the sevoflurane from the aqueous base in the first centrifugal separator, thereby purifying the crude sevoflurane.

Methods of purifying crude sevoflurane

The present invention provides a method for forming sevoflurane comprising (i) combining chlorosevo ether, a nucleophilic fluoride reagent, and a solvent comprising sevoflurane to form an initial reaction mixture and (ii) reacting the initial reaction mixture to form additional sevoflurane relative to the amount of sevoflurane present in the initial reaction mixture. The present disclosure is also directed to a method for forming sevoflurane, comprising: initiating a reaction between chlorosevo ether and a nucleophilic fluoride reagent in an initial reaction mixture further comprising a solvent comprising sevoflurane, thereby forming additional sevoflurane relative to the amount of sevoflurane present in the initial reaction mixture.

Process for the manufacturing of sevoflurane

Production of oxygen-enriched gas streams is disclosed herein. Air streams contact an oxygen-selective mixed conductor particularly a perovskite material whereby oxygen is retained or adsorbed on the perovskite and can be employed in a variety of processes such as in combusting a fuel gas, heat recovery and boiler related operations.

Oxy-fuel combustion process

Supported perovskite-type oxides are described. The perovskite-type oxides have the general formula of AA'BB&#x2032;O, wherein A is an ion of a metal of Group IIIa or IIIb of the periodic table of elements or mixtures thereof; A&#x2032; is an ion of a metal of Groups Ia or IIa of the periodic table or mixtures thereof; B and B&#x2032; are ions of a d-block transition metal of the periodic table or mixtures thereof; x, x&#x2032;, y and y&#x2032; vary from 0 to 1; 0.95&#x3c;x+x&#x2032;&#x3c;1.05; 0.95&#x3c;y+y&#x2032;&#x3c;1.05; &#x3b4; is the deviation from ideal oxygen stoichiometry. This invention also provides for the selection of support materials and the shapes of supported perovskite-type oxides as well as the methods for making them.

Supported perovskite-type oxides and methods for preparation thereof

Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide is carried out by a cyclical process, which includes (a) contacting an oxygen ion conducting ceramic with air at a pressure between about 1 and 50 bara in a reactor, wherein oxygen from the air reacts with the ceramic, thereby producing an oxygen-enriched ceramic, and (b) contacting the hot, oxygen-enriched ceramic with hydrocarbon gas and optionally steam in the reactor. During the partial oxidation reaction phase of the process, the oxygen-enriched ceramic reacts with the hydrocarbon, thereby producing the desired gas products and regenerating the oxygen ion conducting ceramic for the next cycle of the process.

Cyclic autothermal hydrocarbon reforming process

Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide is carried out by a fixed bed or a fluidized bed process which includes the steps of passing steam and/or carbon dioxide through a perovskite-type ceramic mixed conductor in an adsorption zone at an elevated temperature, thereby at least partially saturating the mixed conductor with oxygen and producing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide, and subsequently contacting the hot, at least partially oxygen-saturated mixed conductor with a hydrocarbon in a partial oxidation reaction zone. During the partial oxidation reaction phase of the process, the sorbed oxygen reacts with the hydrocarbon, thereby producing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.

Production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide

Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide is carried out by a cyclical process which includes passing air through a perovskite ceramic substance at elevated temperature, thereby adsorbing oxygen from the air, and subsequently contacting the hot oxygen-containing ceramic substance with a hydrocarbon. During the partial oxidation reaction phase of the process, the sorbed oxygen reacts with the hydrocarbon, thereby producing the desired gas products and regenerating the adsorbent for the next cycle of the process.

Hydrocarbon partial oxidation process

Partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide is carried out by a fluidized bed process which includes the steps of passing air through a perovskite-type ceramic mixed conductor in an adsorption zone at an elevated temperature, thereby at least partially saturating the mixed conductor with oxygen, and subsequently contacting the hot, at least partially oxygen-saturated mixed conductor with a hydrocarbon in a partial oxidation reaction zone. During the partial oxidation reaction phase of the process, the sorbed oxygen reacts with the hydrocarbon, thereby producing hydrogen, carbon monoxide or mixtures of these. The oxygen-depleted mixed conductor is recycled to the adsorption zone.

Oxygen is removed from gas streams by subjecting the gas stream to a pressure swing adsorption process carried out at temperature in the range of 300 to 1400.degree. C. using as adsorbent a perovskite material having the structural formula A.sub.1-x M.sub.x BO.sub.3-.delta., where A is a rare earth ion, M is Na, Ca, Sr, Ba or mixtures of these, B is Co, Mn, Cr or Fe, x varies from 0.1 to 1 and .delta. is the deviation from stoichiometric composition resulting from the substitution of Sr, Ca and Ba for rare earth ions.

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Edison, NJ, United States of America

Yongxian Zeng