Kao Corporation

Hitachi High-tech Science Corporation

Yoko Nakajima

Yoshimi Kawanami

Hironori Moritani

Shinichi Matsubara

Tomokazu Kozakai

Hiroshi Oba

Koji Mine

Yukio Inomata

Keigo Kajiwara

Kimikazu Fukuda

Shinya Kasamatsu

Michiya Takagi

Osamu Osanai

Hiroyuki Mutoh

Yu Gabe

Katsuya Takeda

The present invention provides a method for determining a sensitivity to ultraviolet light non-invasively and immediately. A method for determining a UV sensitivity is provided involving: a step of irradiating the skin of a test subject with ultraviolet light to determine the UV sensitivity using the amount of biophotons to be detected within a specific period after the irradiation, wherein 50% or more of the specific period overlaps a period from 1 to 3 minutes after the irradiation.

Method for determining ultraviolet light sensitivity

A method of manufacturing an emitter is disclosed. The method enables a crystal structure of the tip of the front end of the emitter to return to its original state with high reproducibility by rearranging atoms in a treatment, and enables a long lasting emitter to be attained by suppressing extraction voltage rise after the treatment. As a method of manufacturing an emitter having a sharpened needle-shape, the method includes: performing an electropolishing process for the front end of an emitter material having conductivity to taper toward the front end; and performing an etching to make the number of atoms constituting the tip of the front end be a predetermined number or less by further sharpening the front end through an electric field-induced gas etching having constantly applied voltage, while observing the crystal structure of the front end, by a field ion microscope, in a sharp portion having the front end at its apex.

Method of manufacturing emitter, emitter, and focused ion beam apparatus

Disclosed is a method of manufacturing an emitter in which the tip of the emitter can be formed into a desired shape even when various materials are used for the emitter. The method includes performing an electrolytic polishing process of polishing a front end of a conductive emitter material so that a diameter of the front end is gradually reduced toward a tip; performing a first etching process by irradiating a processing portion of the emitter material processed by the electrolytic polishing process with a charged particle beam; performing a sputtering process by irradiating the pointed portion formed by the first etching process with a focused ion beam; and performing a secondary etching process of further sharpening the tip by an electric field induced gas etching processing while observing a crystal structure of the tip of the pointed portion processed by the sputtering process using a field ion microscope.

Method of manufacturing emitter

Hydrogel particles include a continuous phase portion of non-crosslinked hydrogel and disperse phase portions dispersed in the continuous phase portion. Each of the disperse phase portions contains a solid oil and a liquid oil as an oil component, and titanium oxide particles dispersed therein. The solid oil of the oil component contains a higher alcohol and a solid paraffin, and the content of the solid oil in the disperse phase portion is 1 to 12 mass %. The hydrogel particles have a volume-average particle diameter of 10 to 300 &#x3bc;m.

Hydrogel particles

Growing community of inventors

Tokyo, Japan

Yoko Nakajima