Canon Kabushiki Kaisha

Yohei Miyauchi

Yasuharu Notoya

Kimihiro Yoshimura

Hiroki Muramatsu

Naoko Kasai

Harunobu Ogaki

Atsushi Okuda

Keiko Yamagishi

Masaaki Takahashi

Hiroki Uematsu

Yusuke Baba

Ryo Ishifuji

Tomoyo Miyakai

Toshio Tanaka

Yuichi Hashimoto

Toshihiro Kikuchi

Yuki Yamamoto

Masatsugu Toyonori

Yasutomo Tsuji

Kazuhisa Shirayama

Naotake Sato

Maho Hori

Yasuhiro Miyahara

Wataru Kitamura

Takuji Oishi

Mai Murakami

Yoshihito Oshima

Yoshiharu Seki

A fixing member having a base layer and a surface layer, wherein the surface layer includes a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and having at least one pore communicating with an opening on an outer surface thereof. A composition containing perfluoropolyether and a fluoropolymer is contained in at least a part of the at least one pore. The fluoropolymer has a particular repeating unit composed of perfluoropolyether, and at least one structure selected from the group consisting of a T unit of siloxane and a Q unit of siloxane.

Fixing member, method for producing the same, fixing apparatus, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

Provided is a fixing rotating member capable of maintaining high toner releasability over longer periods of time than in conventional instances and that is capable of maintaining abrasion resistance against paper; the fixing rotating member comprises a base layer, an elastic layer, and a surface layer, in this order; the surface layer containing a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and a perfluoropolyether; the tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer having pores formed therein; the surface layer has pores with openings at a first surface thereof, and constituting an outer surface of the fixing rotating member; at least part of the pores containing the perfluoropolyether; a content of the perfluoropolyether in the surface layer is 20 mass % to 60 mass %; and a degree of orientation A of molecules of the tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether in a direction perpendicular to a circumferential direction of the surface layer is 35 to 75%.

Fixing rotating member, fixing apparatus and electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and method for producing fixing rotating member

A fixing rotating member comprising a base layer, an elastic layer and a surface layer, in this order, the surface layer containing PFA and PFPE, and having pores with openings at a first surface; at least part of the pores containing the PFPE, wherein when after removing the PFPE in the pores, placing a first observation region on the first surface, defining a ratio of a sum of areas of the openings in the first observation region relative to an area of the first observation region as P; and placing a second observation region in a cross section of the surface layer, and defining a ratio of a sum of areas of the pores in the second observation region relative to an area of the second observation region as P, P/Pis 1.3 or higher.

Fixing rotating member, fixing apparatus, electrophotographic image forming apparatus, and method for producing fixing rotating member

A fixing member having an endless belt shape or a roller shape includes a base layer and a surface layer. The surface layer contains a tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and has a pore communicating with an opening of an outer surface thereof. Perfluoropolyether is contained in at least a part of the pores. A ratio (E″(1)/E″(2)) is 0.60 to 1.00, where E″(1) is an average value of loss elastic moduli E″ of the surface layer in a direction orthogonal to a circumferential direction of the fixing member measured at a frequency of 10 Hz at 100 to 150° C., and E″(2) is an average value of loss elastic moduli E″ of the surface layer in a direction orthogonal to the circumferential direction of the fixing member measured at a frequency of 10 Hz at 100 to 150° C. after removal of the perfluoropolyether contained in the pore.

Provided is a pressurizing member including a substrate, an elastic layer on the substrate, and a surface layer on the elastic layer, the surface layer containing a fluorine resin, wherein the surface layer has a surface resistivity of 1&#xd7;10[&#x3a9;/&#x25a1;] or less at a temperature of 25&#xb0; C. when applying a DC voltage of 500 V, and a thermal conductivity &#x3bb; in a thickness direction of the surface layer is 0.093 [W/(m&#xb7;K)] or less.

Pressurizing member, fixing device, and electrophotographic image-forming apparatus

A pressing rotating member comprising a base layer, an elastic layer and a surface layer, in this order, the surface layer having pores, wherein when placing an observation region of 8 &#x3bc;m long&#xd7;11 &#x3bc;m wide at a cross section of the surface layer in a thickness direction of the surface layer&#x2014;a direction perpendicular to a circumferential direction of the pressing rotating member, a degree of orientation f of the pores observed in the observation region is 0.20 or higher, and an orientation angle &#x3a6; of the pores observed in the observation region is 0&#xb0; to 10&#xb0;.

Pressing rotating member and production method thereof, fixing apparatus, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

Provided is a lubricant composition having small shear rate dependence of its apparent viscosity. The lubricant composition includes a perfluoropolyether as a base oil, and fluorine resin particles as a thickener. The lubricant composition further includes a fluorine-containing polymer having a tetrafluoroethylene structure under a state in which the polymer is dissolved in the perfluoropolyether.

Lubricant composition, sliding apparatus, fixing apparatus, and image-forming apparatus

An electrophotographic member has a base layer, an elastic layer, and a surface layer on the elastic layer, in this order in a thickness direction, wherein the surface layer includes a urethane resin, a perfluoropolyether compound including a specific repeating structure, and a polyol compound having a specific structure.

Electrophotographic member and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

Provided is a fixing member for electrophotography having excellent toner releasability even when used for a long time period. The fixing member includes a base layer, an elastic layer, and a surface layer in the stated order. The surface layer contains a fluorine resin and a fluorine oil having a perfluoropolyether structure. The mass Pof an adhered substance including the fluorine oil, adhered in the unit area of the detection surface of a QCM sensor when a measurement sample collected from the surface layer is subjected to a predetermined treatment (i), is 1.0&#xd7;10ng or more and 1.0&#xd7;10ng or less, and the mass Pof an adhered substance including the fluorine oil, adhered in the unit area of the detection surface of the QCM sensor when the sample is subjected to a predetermined treatment (ii), is 0.5&#xd7;Por more and 1.2&#xd7;Por less.

Fixing member, fixing device, and electrophotographic image-forming apparatus

Provided is a fixing member including a base layer, and a surface layer on an outer surface of the base layer directly or with a primer layer interposed between the base layer and the surface layer, in which the surface layer is constituted by a single layer, the surface layer contains a fluororesin, and fluorine oil having a perfluoropolyether structure, and as for a measurement sample taken from the surface layer, when subjecting to predetermined treatments (i) and (ii), masses of an adhered material adhered in a unit area of a detection surface of a QCM sensor and containing the fluorine oil are within specific ranges.

Fixing member, fixing device, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

Provided is a fixing member in which hot offset of a toner is difficult to be generated. The fixing member has a substrate and a release layer as a surface layer, wherein the release layer includes PFPE and a second fluororesin, the second fluororesin being at least one selected from PFA and FEP, and in aF-NMR spectrum of the release layer measured at a temperature of 200&#xb0; C., a relaxation time Tof longitudinal relaxation of a peak derived from PFPE is 0.5 seconds or more and 3.5 seconds or less.

Provided is a fixing member having an outer surface including excellent toner releasability and excellent scratch resistance, wherein the fixing member has a base material, an elastic layer, and a release layer in this order, the release layer including a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and has a loss tangent at a frequency of 10 Hz and 180&#xb0; C. of 5.0&#xd7;10or more and 3.0&#xd7;10or less.

To provide an electrophotographic member high in volume resistivity uniformity even in application of a high voltage such as 1,000 V. The electrophotographic member includes a base material and an elastic layer on the base material, the elastic layer containing a silicone rubber and an ionic liquid, and the ionic liquid including a cation modified by a dimethylsiloxane chain, and an anion.

Electrophotographic member, method for producing electrophotographic member, and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a surface layer with a hexagonal boron nitride dispersed therein. The hexagonal boron nitride has a graphitization index (GI) of at least 3.0 and less than 15.0.

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Tokyo, Japan

Yohei Miyauchi