Baker Hughes, a Ge Compnay, LLC

Baker Hughes Holdings LLC

Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations LLC

Yinxi Zhang

Stanislav W Forgang

Gregory Boris Itskovich

Sushant Dutta

Yi Liu

Fei Le

Babak Kouchmeshky

Marina Nikolaevna Nikitenko

Alberto Mezzatesta

Louis Perez

Carlos Felipe Rivero

John Edgar Jones

Alexander Viktorovich Seryakov

A method includes obtaining a dielectric measurement of a portion of a downhole formation. The method also includes processing the dielectric measurement via a trained machine learning system. The method further includes determining at least one of a classification or a textural parameter simultaneously with formation water saturation of the downhole formation, via the machine learning system, based at least in part on the dielectric measurement. The machine learning system is based on a pre-determined dataset from previous measurements or simulated results of synthetic cases. The method determining the correlation between water saturation and formation texture through a frequency cascading training process based on sensitivity of complex dielectric spectrum with respect to desired parameters including water saturation and texture parameter. The method also includes assigning at least one of the classification or the textural parameter to the downhole formation.

Modeling textural parameters of a formation with downhole measurements

A multi-frequency tuning circuit includes a first branch including a first inductor and a first capacitor arranged in series and a second branch including a second inductor and a second capacitor arranged in series. The circuit is arranged within a circuitry module configured to be positioned between a source and a load, the first branch and the second branch both associated with loads, from the source, having low impedance frequencies. In order to improve transmitter antenna output power for downhole tools, the tuning circuit creates high impedance at operating frequencies between frequencies corresponding to low impedance.

Multi-frequency tuning network system and method

Methods and apparatus for determining geo-electrical parameters of an earth formation. Methods include operating a multi-frequency electromagnetic propagation instrument at at least three frequencies; generating synthetic signals of the propagation instrument for a set of models and a set of operating frequencies; perform a 2-dimensional interpolation of the synthetic signals; using first polynomial functions to perform interpolation of the dispersive resistivity; using second polynomial functions to perform interpolation of the dispersive dielectric constant; and performing a multi-parametric scan over the sets of at least 2 resistivity parameters and sets of at least 3 dielectric constant parameters using a multi-dimensional grid of resistivity and dielectric constant values, 2-dimensional interpolation, first polynomial functions, and second polynomial functions to find a combination of first polynomial coefficients and second polynomial coefficients which describe dispersive resistivity and dielectric constant providing a best fit between measured and synthetic data.

Determination of dispersive resistive and dielectric properties of earth formations using multi-frequency measurements

Methods and apparatus for evaluating a volume of an earth formation carried out using complex dielectric measurements. Methods include making measurements of complex permittivity at a plurality of frequencies; identifying an optimal frequency by: identifying candidate frequencies having a corresponding measurement with a respective sensitivity to at least one of i) salinity and ii) water-filled porosity, by determining that each respective sensitivity is substantially independent of rock texture; selecting a maximum of the candidate frequencies as the optimal frequency; using a table search method based on a forward model to generate an initial estimate of at least two parameters of the volume; and using the initial estimate as an initial condition for an inversion of other measurements at frequencies other than the optimal frequency to generate a final solution comprising final estimates for formation properties. The at least two parameters may comprise water salinity and water filled porosity.

Real-time inversion of array dielectric downhole measurements with advanced search for initial values to eliminate non-uniqueness

Methods and apparatus for evaluating a volume of an earth formation wherein the volume comprises a fluid-saturated rock matrix including clay particles. Methods include making measurements of complex permittivity at a plurality of frequencies using an electromagnetic tool in a borehole penetrating the earth formation; and estimating a plurality of parameters of interest simultaneously using the measurements at the plurality of frequencies and a mixing model accounting for electrical effects on the measurements caused by the clay particles. The plurality may include at least: i) water saturation; and ii) resistivity of formation water. Parameters of interest may comprise at least one of: i) an electrical parameter of the volume; and ii) a textural parameter of the volume. Methods may include modeling for electrical effects caused by at least one of: i) a surface conductivity of the clay particles; and ii) a textural property of the clay particles.

Determination of shale content of formation from dispersive multi-frequency dielectric measurements

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Richmond, TX, United States of America

Yinxi Zhang