University of California

Yetta D Porter-Chapman

Stephen Edward Derenzo

Edith D Bourret-Courchesne

Jie Wang

Mattias K Klintenberg

Latoria K Wiggins

Floyd J James

Shameka Parms

Jia-Qing Wang, Legal Representative

The present invention provides for a composition comprising an inorganic scintillator comprising a gadolinium halide, optionally cerium-doped, having the formula AGdX:Ce; wherein A is nothing, an alkali metal, such as Li or Na, or an alkali earth metal, such as Ba; X is F, Br, Cl, or I; n is an integer from 1 to 2; m is an integer from 4 to 7; and the molar percent of cerium is 0% to 100%. The gadolinium halides or alkali earth metal gadolinium halides are scintillators and produce a bright luminescence upon irradiation by a suitable radiation.

Alkali metal and alkali earth metal gadolinium halide scintillators

Herein is described a method for identifying semiconductor radiation detector materials based on the mobility of internally generated electrons and holes. It was designed for the early stages of exploration, when samples are not available as single crystals, but as crystalline powders. Samples are confined under pressure in an electric field and the increase in current resulting from exposure to a high-intensity source of ionization current (e.g.,Co gamma rays) is measured. A pressure cell device is described herein to carry out the method. For known semiconductors, the d.c. ionization current depends on voltage according to the Hecht equation, and for known insulators the d.c. ionization current is below detection limits. This shows that the method can identify semiconductors in spite of significant carrier trapping. Using this method and pressure cell, it was determined that new materials BiOI, PbIF, BiPbOCl, BiPbOBr, BiPbOI, BiGdOCl, PbOI, and PbOIare semiconductors.

Identifying new semiconductor detector materials by D.C. ionization conductivity

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Pleasant Hill, CA, United States of America

Yetta D Porter-Chapman