California Institute of Technology

Ecole Polytechnique Federale De Lausanne

Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary

Ye Pu

Demetri Psaltis

Scott E Fraser

John H Hong

Periklis Pantazis

Jeffrey Alan Hubbell

Konstantina Stankovic

Marcin Stefan Zielinski

Chia-Lung Hsieh

Xin Yang

The present invention relates to polymeric structures, in the form of flat membrane-like surfaces or micro- nanostruc-tures such as capsules, characterized in that it comprises a substantially two-dimensional layer of covalently-bonded monomers of R-substituted metal or metalloid oxides. Said polymeric structures in most embodiments have a crystal architecture with a hexagonal lattice, but the nature of the covalent bonds present therein impart a bending flexibility that make the polymeric structures behave as a 'soft' crystal. Methods of producing such structures, composition comprising thereof and method of using thereof are also included within the present disclosure.

Two-dimensional polymeric structures and method for producing thereof

Systems and methods for imaging ear tissue include: directing illumination radiation to pass through an intact biological structure and be incident on ear tissue that does not include an exogenous fluorophore, at a plurality of locations, the illumination radiation including a plurality of light pulses each having a temporal duration of 500 femtoseconds or less; for each one of the plurality of locations, using a detector to detect radiation emitted from the location that passes through the intact biological structure; and forming an image of the tissue based on the detected radiation at each of the plurality of locations, where the emitted radiation corresponds to endogenous two-photon fluorescence of the tissue.

Tissue and cellular imaging

Second harmonic nanoprobes for imaging biological samples and a method of using such probes to monitor the dynamics of biological process using a field resonance enhanced second harmonic (FRESH) technique are provided. The second harmonic generating (SHG) nanoprobes are comprised of various kinds of nanocrystals that do not possess an inversion symmetry and therefore are capable of generating second harmonic signals that can then be detected by conventional two-photon microscopy for in vivo imaging of biological processes and structures such as cell signaling, neuroimaging, protein conformation probing, DNA conformation probing, gene transcription, virus infection and replication in cells, protein dynamics, tumor imaging and cancer therapy evaluation and diagnosis as well as quantification in optical imaging.

Second harmonic imaging nanoprobes and techniques for use thereof

A harmonic holography (H) technique and system that combines holography and nonlinear optics that enables holographic recording of 3D images with femtosecond framing time are provided. The Htechnique records holograms with second harmonic (SH) signals scattered off specialized nanocrystals that are functionalized to label specific protein or other biomolecules in a living organism. The capability of generating second harmonic radiations is specific to materials with noncentrosymmetric crystalline structures only, and &#x3c7;vanishes for all other types of materials. Therefore, a sharp contrast is formed when particles of noncentrosymmetric structures are dispersed in a medium of other species, pumped at a fundamental frequency, and imaged at the second harmonic frequency. The new scheme described herein provides a sound basis for a new type of contrast microscopy with enormous potential in molecular biomedical imaging.

Method of nonlinear harmonic holography

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Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Ye Pu