Shell Oil Comapny

Shell Usa, Inc.

Mossi & Ghisolfi Overseas S.a.

Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij, B.v.

Ye-Mon Chen

David Jon Brosten

Thomas S Dewitz

Hubertus Wilhelmus Albertus Dries

Hendricus Arien Dirkse

Robert Lawrence Blackbourn

Ben Duh

Richard Addison Sanborn

David Karl Schisla

Ann Marie Corey

Paul Richard Weider

Zaida Diaz

Thomas F Brownscombe

Brendan Dermot Murray

Ann Marie Lauritzen

Donn Anthony Dubois

Michael Wayne Potter

Rudolf Jacobus Wijngaarden

Raymond Lawrence June

James Laurel Buechele

Rene Samson

Keith Michael Kreitman

John Bernard Rodden

Jason Andrew Horwege

Kee-Khoon Foo

Ashley Villarreal Baugh

Mahendra Sonabhai Patel

Daniel Gagne

Yi Liang

Sivakumar Sadasivan Vijayakumari

Carolina Botella-franco

James W Nielson, Jr

Rudolf Jacobus Winjngaarden

Steve Edward Brewer

Chi Chiang Lee

Carolina Botella-Franco

Methods for production of ethanol, distiller's corn oil, and enhanced co-products are disclosed. Methods include obtaining a mixture of one or more co-products of an alcohol production process, which may include wet cake, performing hydrolysis of polysaccharides in the mixture to generate fermentable sugars, fermenting the fermentable sugars in the mixture to produce alcohol, distilling the mixture to remove alcohol from the mixture thereby producing alcohol-containing distillate and enhanced whole stillage, removing released oil from the fermented mixture before distillation and/or from the enhanced whole stillage after distillation, and recovering enhanced wet distiller's grains, enhanced thin stillage, and/or enhanced dried distiller's grains. Compositions disclosed herein include enhanced dried distiller's grains having a crude protein content of at least 45% on a dry weight basis and having a total fat content of less than 10% on a dry weight basis.

Production of ethanol and enhanced co-products using co-products as feedstock

A process for the production of benzene and ethylene from an alkane-containing gas stream. The alkane-containing gas stream may be contacted, in a reaction zone of a reactor under alkane aromatization conditions, with an aromatization catalyst including any combination of fresh, spent, and regenerated catalyst to produce an outlet stream including (i) spent catalyst and (ii) a product mixture including benzene and ethylene. The spent catalyst may be regenerated in a regeneration zone under regeneration conditions to produce the regenerated catalyst. A selected amount of fresh catalyst may be added to the regeneration zone to produce the mixture of fresh catalyst and regenerated catalyst, which may be recycled to the reaction zone. A ratio of benzene to ethylene in the product mixture may be controlled by modifying the alkane aromatization conditions, the regeneration conditions, and/or the selected amount of fresh catalyst added to the regeneration zone.

Catalytic process for co-production of benzene, ethylene, and hydrogen

Reactor vessel and a feed nozzle assembly for feeding a gas and a liquid into such reactor vessel. The feed nozzle assembly comprises an outer tube supplying a first liquid feed, such as oil, an inner tube supplying a dispersion gas, such as steam, a third tube supplying a second liquid feed, such as biomass, and a nozzle end. A catalytic cracking process wherein two or more hydrocarbon liquids are jointly dispersed into a dispersion gas and jetted via the same feed nozzle assembly into a catalytic cracking reactor.

Feed nozzle assembly for a catalytic cracking reactor

A feed nozzle assembly for co-currently introducing gas and liquid into a reactor vessel which feed nozzle assembly comprises (a) an inner tube defining a gas conduit and an outer tube arranged around the inner tube, wherein the outer surface of the inner tube and the inner surface of the outer tube define an annular liquid conduit, and wherein each of the tubes have an inlet end and an opposite outlet end; (b) a first nozzle attached to the outlet end of the inner tube; (c) a second nozzle attached to the outlet end of the outer tube and arranged downstream of the first nozzle, wherein the inner tube contains purging orifices.

Feed nozzle assembly

Gas-solids separator comprises a tubular housing, an inlet for introducing a gas-solids mixture at one end of said housing, which inlet is executed such that it imparts a swirl to the gas-solids mixture, a solids outlet opening at the opposite end of said housing, and a co-axially positioned tubular gas outlet conduit placed at an end of said housing, which separator further comprises a vortex stabilizer, comprising a pin placed on a stabilizing plate, in which separator the pin runs along the axis of the tubular housing and in which a passageway is provided through the stabilizer plate and the pin.

Gas-solids separator

A feed nozzle assembly for introducing a mixture of a gas and a liquid hydrocarbon droplets into a vessel in the form of a substantially sheet-like spray, which feed nozzle assembly comprises a nozzle body provided at its upstream part with means to supply the gas and means to supply the liquid hydrocarbon to said nozzle body and at the downstream end with a closed outlet end which outlet end is provided with an elongated opening wherein in the opening an insert is positioned such that a continuous loop opening results for discharge of the mixture of gas and liquid droplets.

A feed nozzle assembly located near the bottom of an FCC riser reactor includes a plurality of feed nozzles, each feed nozzle including a discharge end which is angled toward the center of the riser. The angled discharged ends provide a combined discharge of hydrocarbon feed and atomization gas into the central portion of the riser thereby providing a desirable feed/catalyst contact condition while preventing impingement of the feed upon the riser walls.

Apparatus and method for achieving a desireable feed/catalyst contacting condition in fluid catalytic cracking units

A fluid catalytic reactor vessel having at its upper end a single centrally positioned primary cyclone having a gas-solids inlet fluidly connected to the downstream end of a fluid catalytic riser, which riser is positioned externally from a fluid catalytic reactor vessel. The primary cyclone is further provided with a gas outlet conduit at its upper end fluidly connected to one or more secondary cyclone separators, which secondary cyclone separators are positioned in the space between the centrally positioned primary cyclone and the wall of the reactor vessel and which secondary cyclones have means to discharge solids to the lower end of the reactor vessel and means to discharge a gaseous stream poor in solids to a gas outlet of the reactor vessel. The primary cyclone is further provided with a primary stripping zone at its lower end and means to discharge pre-stripped solids from the primary cyclone to the lower end of the reactor vessel. The reactor vessel further comprises at the lower end of reactor vessel a secondary stripping zone is and means to discharge stripped solids from the reactor vessel.

FCC reactor

A cyclone separator provided with an inlet for receiving gas and solid particles, + a gas outlet at its upper end and a lower tubular part, wherein the lower tubular part is provided with a closed lower end, through which closed lower end a substantially vertical particle withdrawal conduit extends from a position below the closed lower end to a position in the tubular part and below the inlet for receiving gas and solid particles, said conduit being provided with openings to withdraw solid particles from the cyclone separator and wherein said conduit has a smaller cross-sectional area than the lower tubular part, thereby defining a space between conduit and inner wall of the lower tubular part, wherein in the lower part of said space main means to add a primaxy fluidizing medium are present.

Cyclone separator

In a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit, a regenerator, a stripper or a withdrawal well connecting to either of the vessels, includes a standpipe for circulating catalyst from one vessel to another, the standpipe having an inlet design which reduces gas entrainment during catalyst transport by partial de-fluidization in the standpipe inlet region. The standpipe inlet design could include multiple inlet openings through the top of the standpipe or from the side wall by slots, or both, and a horizontal disk surrounding the standpipe below the slots for blocking the upward flow of bubbles, the combination thereby forming a dense fluidization zone above the disk and surrounding the inlet, including the slots. Additionally, the disk may include a downwardly-projecting lip or edge forming an inverted void space around the standpipe and the downwardly-projecting edge may further include vent holes around its circumference which allow bubbles trapped under the disk to be vented outside the standpipe inlet region. Above and below the disk and surrounding the standpipe, gas injection rings may be used to prevent the dense fluidization zone above the disk from complete de-fluidization, thus assisting the catalyst to remain fluidized and flow smoothly into the standpipe either through the slots or at the very top of the open standpipe, or both.

Standpipe inlet for enhancing particulate solids circulation for petrochemical and other processes

The present invention is related to methods and apparatus for improving distributions of both spent catalyst and transport gas into a regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit. Spent catalyst and transport gases move upwardly through a spent catalyst riser and are diverted in a radially outward direction by a deflector cone. The catalyst and transport gas are re-mixed as they move radially outward between two disks before discharging from the outer edges (perimeter) of the distributor into the regenerator in a substantially uniform radial direction. The distributor is adapted to provide continuous discharge from its perimeter so as to cover the entire cross-section of the regenerator.

Spent catalyst distributor

A fluid catalytic cracking unit includes a nozzle located in the bottom of a riser reactor. A first conduit provides a passageway for enabling a dispersing gas to flow therethrough and through an outlet passageway in a cap covering the end of the conduit. The outlet passageway discharges the dispersing gas into a liquid hydrocarbon feed material flowing through a second conduit spaced from and enclosing the first conduit to form an annulus therebetween, thereby providing a passageway for enabling the liquid hydrocarbon feed material to flow. A second cap covers the end of the second conduit and is spaced from the first cap thereby forming a mixing zone therebetween for mixing the liquid hydrocarbon feed and the dispersing gas. The second cap includes a continuous circular slot as an outlet passageway of the first cap and is adapted for discharging the mixture of liquid hydrocarbon feed and the dispersing gas. Hot regenerated catalyst enters the riser bottom region through a regenerator standpipe.

Feed injection system for catalytic cracking process

The pelletized product of melt condensation polymerization of 1,3-propanediol and terephthalic acid is crystallized in a vessel designed for continuous fluidized bed flow of the pellets in water at a temperature within the range of about 65 to about 100&deg; C. Hot-water treatment in the vessel permits crystallization of the pellets in a continuous operation and results in an increase of the crystallinity of the polymer to greater than about 35% and an increase in pellet density.

Apparatus for crystallization of polytrimethylene terephthalate

Disclosed is an integrated process for producing 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylicacid comprising oxidizing a methylnaphthalene feedstock, hydrodebrominating the crude naphthoic acid product under conditions different from any work known in the art, forming a potassium salt of the acid; disproportionating the potassium salt to produce 2,6 potassium salts of NDA; selectively precipitating K NDA; selectively precipitating the monopotassium salt of 2,6 NDA(KHNDA); disproportionating the KHNDA into 2,6 NDA and K2NDA; further reacting the 2,6 NDA in a pipe reactor; and drying the product 2,6 NDA by conventional means or directly slurrying directly into a PEN process. The process can tolerate impurities in the economical methylnaphthalene feed and the resulting 2,6 NDA is of high quality with <50 ppm potassium.

Integrated process for the production of 2, 6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acid

A catalytic cracker riser reactor is connected to a regenerator standpipe through which hot, regenerated catalyst enters the riser bottom region. A hydrocarbon feed, such as gas oil, and dispersing gases, such as steam, are introduced through a single bottom entry nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly comprises three concentrically arranged conduits. An inner conduit provides a passageway for a first dispersing gas and terminates in a first cap having at least one outlet passage for discharging the first dispersing gas in a generally radially outward and upward direction. The first conduit and first cap are enclosed by a second conduit and second cap, the annulus formed thereby providing a passageway for a liquid hydrocarbon feed. The second cap also has at least one outlet passage for discharging the mixture of hydrocarbon feed and first dispersing gas into the riser reactor in a radially outward and upward direction. A first dispersing gas enters the inner conduit and proceeds to the first cap into a mixing zone located in the vicinity of the discharge passage between the first and second caps. Hydrocarbon feed enters the second conduit, continues through an annulus to the second cap and is mixed with the first dispersing gas in the mixing zone, resulting in the formation of a fine two-phase mixture of small dispersed bubbles in heavy petroleum hydrocarbon liquid. As the fine two-phase mixture passes through the outlet passage into the riser reactor to contact with regenerator catalyst, the two-phase mixture suddenly expands, forming a fine atomization of heavy petroleum hydrocarbon feed with narrow droplet size evenly distributed across the riser reactor.

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Sugar Land, TX, United States of America

Ye-Mon Chen