Hitachi, Ltd.

Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.

Yasuro Hori

Takao Umeda

Tatsuo Igawa

Minoru Kanoi

Takao Kumasaka

Yuzuru Simazaki

Yasuaki Suzuki

Tetsuya Nagata

Teruaki Mitsuya

Soshiro Kuzunuki

Keisuke Nakashima

Nobuyoshi Hoshi

Kazuya Ooishi

Yuzuru Kamata

Fumitaka Ito

Syuya Hagiwara

Saburo Yasukawa

Shuichi Okabe

Jun Ozawa

Makoto Tsumura

Yoshiharu Nagae

Tatsuki Inuzuka

Tokio Yamagiwa

Yasuyuki Kojima

Masato Isogai

Nagaharu Hamada

Nobuo Abe

Yasuyuki Kozima

Seiji Maruo

Masaharu Tadauchi

Kunio Sato

Shinichi Nishino

Shigeo Shiono

Akira Terakado

Hirofumi Seki

Susumu Akimaru

Ren Itoh

Ikuo Shimokobe

Seizi Maruo

Kazuyuki Seino

Hirofumi Shirakata

Rikizo Ishikawa

Masaaki Maejima

Shigetaka Fumiwara

Tatuo Honda

An electron beam gas processing apparatus includes a single vacuum vessel maintained at vacuum by means of a vacuum pump and first and second lenses are disposed in the vacuum vessel. An electron beam emitted from an electron source is focused by each of the lenses, and the electron beam is irradiated onto a processing gas in a duct. When the current value of the electron beam is increased as the concentration of NOx in the processing gas increases, the focal distance is decreased by increasing the intensity of magnetic fields or the intensity of electric fields of the lenses in accordance with the current value of a filament, the current value of an arc power supply and the gas pressure in a gas reservoir and the first lens is moved toward a draw-out electrode and the second lens is moved toward the duct, so that a parallel electron beam of constant diameter is formed and the electron beam can be prevented from being increased in focusing diameter.

Apparatus for processing gas by electron beam

An apparatus for use in offices includes a planar liquid crystal shutter disposed at least a portion of a surface of a housing of the apparatus, the shutter being set to a transparent state or a non-transparent state depending on an input signal supplied thereto, and a controller for applying to the shutter a control signal to control the transparent or non-transparent state thereof.

Apparatus for use in offices etc.

A communication equipment has a dictionary file for areas and destination names corresponding to destination numbers entered by a destination entry unit such as a dialer. The dictionary file is looked up by a retrieval unit during the entry of the number and the retrieved area name and destination name are informed by an informing unit so that an entry error of the area name and the destination name can be detected during the entry of the destination and the error is corrected.

Communication equipment with a destination area on-line display function

A small and inexpensive optical scanning apparatus is attained by an optical block 1 disposed between a rotating mirror 2 and a photosensitive body 3 and having specular surfaces formed at part of inner side of surface so that light from the rotating mirror 2 is reflected within the optical block 1 plural times back and forth and reaches the photosensitive body 3 in order to correct the curvature of field, the distortion aberration and the inclination of surface in an optical scanning system. The length of the optical path within the optical block including reflection is set to 60% or more of the whole length of optical path from the rotating mirror 2 to the photosensitive body 3. The surface of the optical block 1 on the side of the photosensitive body is formed into a curved surface to constitute a concave mirror. The rotating mirror and the photosensitive body are arranged in optically conjugate relation in sub-scanning direction by the focal distance.

Optical scanning apparatus and system

An optical scanning device which can prevent increase of the weight or capacity involved with distortion correction to sufficiently correct the distortion at low cost. A correction arrangement is provided to control the rotating angular velocity of a scanning rotary mirror in accordance with the scanning position of a scanning face. By controlling the rotating angular velocity of the scanning rotary mirror, the distortion aberration on the scanning face is corrected so that sufficiently accurate optical scanning can be performed without optically correcting the distortion aberration.

Variable scanning speed optical scanning device

An electrophotographic printing apparatus includes a developing device which uses developer including toner and carrier particles. The quantity of electrical charges on the developer is measured and the developer is charged to a constant charge level in accordance with the result of the measurement. Accordingly, the developing density can be stabilized and the service life of the developer can be lengthened and predicted. A computer provides automatic processing to control the quantity of electric charges on the developer.

Developing apparatus having charger for controlling charge on developer

An electronic blackboard having a copy function, and an edit function or communication function. A single reading unit is used in common for both reading an image on a flat board and reading an image or an original document. Reflected light from the flat board and from the original document is converged and projected onto a light receiving surface of a single photoelectric conversion element. An image of the flat board of the original document can be selectively read, or the composite image of both the flat board and original document can be read. Further, the electrical signal corresponding to the image can be modulated and transmitted, and a received electrical signal can be demodulated to reproduce a corresponding image. Furthermore, in accordance with the electrical signal obtained by photoelectrically converting an image, the layout of the image on the flat board can be determined and edited to change the shape of the image.

Electronic blackboard

An image processing system which can learn user's preference to satisfy him to the full, and also comprises means for inquiring a user about his satisfication degree to enhance it. The image processing system comprises means for learning user's preference such as his manner of setting and pressing a button, a destination, a condition set for copying, and means for changing a control parameter on the basis of the learning result.

Image processing system suitable for use for a facsimile

A thermal head serves as a recording head used in a thermal recording apparatus for performing a recording with heat produced by an electric current flowing into a thick-film resistor. Regions having higher resistance than that of the thick-film resistor are disposed in the thick-film resistor and heating portions each corresponding to one dot in the thick-film resistor are controlled by electric current flowing therethrough from one of first electrodes to one of second electrodes provided in the thick-film resistor. A heating control method for such thermal head attains superfine recording and halftone recording and a method produces such a head and a recording apparatus using the head.

Thermal head, producing method therefor, and recording apparatus using

An electrophotographic image transfer member of bias-roller transfer type is capable of pressing a recording medium into contact with a toner image. The image transfer member has a rotatable supporting member, an elastic member provided around the supporting member, and a conductive resin layer formed on the surface of the elastic member. An electrical path is formed to enable supply of a bias voltage to the conductive resin layer. An image transfer device has the image transfer member and a cleaner capable of removing toner from the image transfer member upon frictional contact therewith. An electrophotographic apparatus has an image transfer member for bringing the recording medium into pressure contact with the toner image and for applying the bias voltage, and a mechanism for bringing the image transfer member towards and away from the photosensitive member in response to a signal indicative of execution of one of several basic steps of the electrophotographic process.

Electrophotographic image transfer member, electrophotographic image

Disclosed is an electrical power supply for use, for example, for a flash fusing device in an electrophotographic recording apparatus, in which a DC high voltage is generated from a low voltage of an AC power supply so that the high voltage DC energy is momentarily consumed or discharged. The electrical power supply is configured in a manner so that, in order to make unnecessary a charging capacitor and a current limiting resistor for preventing rectifier elements from being damaged, at least some of the rectifier elements are constituted by rectifying control elements such as thyristors or transistors and a control signal is given to those rectifying control elements so as to make the rectifying control elements be in an isolated state. By use of such a configuration, the electrical power supply can be reduced in size as well as in power loss. The effect can be fully exhibited not only in a fusing apparatus employing the electrical power supply but in a recording apparatus employing such a fusing apparatus.

Electrical power supply, fusing apparatus and recording apparatus using

An aerial recording sheet carrier is provided downstream of a fixing station. The aerial recording sheet carrier has one pair of pressure chambers with wall surfaces facing each other and in parallel. Air jets are arranged on opposite wall surfaces of the pressure chambers. A recording sheet and a toner image from the fixing station are carried by an air stream and cooled down. The toner image on the recording sheet, which is in fusion, is prevented from coming into contact with any parts, such as a recording sheet carrying passage. Thus a stain on parts due to contact with the toner image can be prevented.

Duplex reproducing apparatus with device for cooling and conveying fused

A multi-color document reading apparatus used in a facsimile apparatus for reading a document disposed at a predetermined position containing pictures of multiple colors on a line-by-line basis while discriminately identifying the colors includes an image sensor for sensing optical images in a predetermined area including at least one line of the document disposed at the predetermined position, light sources for selectively illuminating at least the predetermined area in one of first and second energized states differing from each other in respect to the spectral characteristics thereof, a switch circuit for selectively energizing the light sources for illuminating the document in one of the first and second states, a distortion correcting circuit including memories for storing first and second shading waveforms derived from data sensed by the image sensor for optical images of a standard sheet of a specific color disposed at the predetermined position and illuminated by the light source in the first and second energized states, respectively, and a color separating circuit for identifying data of different colors of the multi-color pictures included in one line of the document for generating color-separated signals representing the different colors.

Multi-color document reading apparatus for facsimile and multi-color

The invention relates to a liquid crystal optical switch array in which optical switch elements are opened and closed by the time-sharing drive and to an optical printer using this optical switch array. The optical switch element comprises a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a relaxative memory effect, signal electrodes and scanning electrodes which sandwich the liquid crystal layer, and a resistor element which is formed between the scanning electrode and the liquid crystal. A line selection signal is sequentially supplied to the scanning electrodes, these scanning electrodes become substantially the open state when the selection signal is not supplied. When the scanning electrodes are open, the resistor element has a predetermined resistance value. When the selection signal is supplied to the scanning electrodes, the resistor element has a lower resistance value.

Time-sharing drive liquid crystal optical switch array and optical

A multiplexed driving method of an optical switching element employing ferroelectric liquid crystal with a negative dielectric anisotropy including signal electrodes and common signal electrodes arranged in matrix and a ferroelectric liquid crystal layer disposed therebetween so as to constitute pixels at the respective facing portions of the signal electrodes and the common signal electrodes comprising a step of applying a common writing signal voltage to one of the common signal electrode to select pixels to which information be written, simultaneously applying a common status holding AC signal voltage to the other common signal electrodes covering non-selected pixels and simultaneously applying one of two signal pulses with opposite polarities to the signal electrodes, whereby resultant information writing voltages formed in combination of the common writing signal voltage and the signal pulses, which are enough to determine the orientation of the ferroelectric liquid crystal molecules, are applied on the selected pixels and resultant AC status holding voltage formed in combination of the common status holding AC signal voltage and the signal pulses which determine the limited bias voltage for the resultant AC voltage are applied on the non-selected pixels.

Multiplexed driving method for an optical switching element employing

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Katsuta, Japan

Yasuro Hori