Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.

Xerox Corporation

Fuji Photo Film Company, Limited

Fuji Zerox Co., Ltd.

Yasuo Sakaguchi

Katsumi Daimon

Katsumi Nukada

Masakazu Iijima

Kiyokazu Mashimo

Ryosaku Igarashi

Hidemi Nukada

Akira Imai

Taketoshi Hoshizaki

Ichiro Takegawa

Toru Ishii

Yasuhiro Yamaguchi

Kazuo Yamasaki

Fumiaki Tambo

Akihiko Tokida

Kohichi Yamamoto

Masayuki Nishikawa

Fumio Ojima

Makoto Takemoto

Takahiro Suzuki

Masanori Murase

Fumio Daishi

Michiaki Takahashi

Yumiko Komori

Noboru Endo

Barkev Keoshkerian

Sandra J Gardner

Masahiro Iwasaki

Cheng-Kuo Hsiao

Dasarao K Murti

George Liebermann

Kazuhiko Arai

Yoshisada Nakamura

Yoshio Tani

Kazuhiro Koseki

Nobuhiro Katsuta

Shigetoshi Nakamura

Richard A Burt

Taketoshi Higashi

Chikara Ando

Yoshihisa Kitano

Hidekazu Aonuma

Tatsuo Okuno

Ryuji Katsuno

Masanori Kobayashi

Yusuke Harada

Kazuyoshi Shimoyama

Satsumi Daimon

Yashuhiro Yamaguchi

A surface treatment device includes a belt member having a surface layer in which plural kinds of rubbers having a different hardness mixedly exist. In the device, a press/heat unit presses a recording medium with a toner image formed against the belt member such that the toner image contacts with the surface layer, and heats the recording medium to melt at least a surface of the toner image.

Surface treatment device, image forming apparatus, belt member, and image forming method

The invention provides a fixing method including conveying a recording medium on which a toner image has been formed using a fixing belt, in a state in which the fixing belt contacts with a surface of the recording medium on which the toner image is formed, at least from a fixing portion in which the toner image is fixed by heating and pressing the recording medium to a cooling portion in which the recording medium after fixing is cooled, wherein the ten-point average roughness (Rz) of a surface of the fixing belt contacting with the recording medium is 0.7 &#x3bc;m or less or the filtered maximum waviness in every convex portion present on a surface of the fixing belt contacting with the recording medium is 50 &#x3bc;m or less. The invention also provides a fixing apparatus using the method and an image forming apparatus using the method.

Fixing method, fixing apparatus using the same, and image forming apparatus

The present invention aims to provide an process for image formation using an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet having excellent anti-offset properties, adhesion resistance, paper transport properties and gloss, and being resistant to cracks, and able to form a high-definition image. For this purpose, there is provided an electrophotographic image-receiving sheet which includes a toner image-receiving layer containing at least a thermoplastic resin and natural wax having an light transmittance of 78% or less, on a support having an light transmittance of 30% or less, and an process for image formation using this electrophotographic image-receiving sheet.

Electrophotographic image-receiving sheet and process for image formation using the same

An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a bipolar charge transport layer with a hole-transporting property and an electron-transporting property, the bipolar charge transport layer containing a block copolymer or a graft copolymer, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photoreceptor. The electrophotographic photoreceptor has a high performance and a long life and can provide various properties required for a photoreceptor by forming, the bipolar charge transport layer which is excellent in hole- and electron-transporting properties, mechanical strengths, a discharge product resistance and a coating dispersion stability, and the process cartridge and the electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photoreceptor can provide a high performance and a high durability.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor, process cartridge and electrophotographic apparatus using the same

A novel titanyl phthalocyanine crystal, a photoconductive material comprising the same, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor using the same are disclosed. The titanyl phthalocyanine crystal has a primary particle diameter ranging from 0.03 to 0.15 &mgr;m, shows a maximum X-ray diffraction peak at a Bragg angle (2&thgr;&plusmn;0.2&deg;) of 27.3&deg;, has a ellipsoidal tabular form, and has a BET specific surface area of not less than 35 m,/g. The crystal has improved crystal form stability against solvents and holds its crystal form for an extended period of time in a dispersed and coated state. An electrophotographic photoreceptor using the crystal as a photoconductive material is excellent in sensitivity, stability, and durability.

Titanyl phthalocyanine crystal and electrophotographic photoreceptor using the same

A process for preparing a stable titanyl phthalocyanine crystal showing at least one diffraction peak at a Bragg angle (2&thgr;&plusmn;0.2) of 27.3&deg; is disclosed, which comprises treating amorphous or quasi-amorphous titanyl phthalocyanine with a solvent selected from an alcohol solvent, an aromatic solvent, a mixed solvent of an alcohol solvent and an aromatic solvent, or a mixed solvent of an alcohol solvent and water. The resulting titanyl phthalocyanine exhibits high photosensitivity and excellent durability as a photoconductive material of an electrophotographic photoreceptor.

Process for preparing titanyl phthalocyanine crystal by solvent treatment of amorphous or quasi-amorphous titanyl phthalocyanine

A charge transporting block and an insulating block are block copolymerized or graft copolymerized to form a charge transporting copolymer. The charge transporting polymers may be used in an electrophotographic photoreceptor and an electrophotographic device.

Charge-transporting copolymer, method of forming charge-transporting

An intermediate transfer medium and the like for image formation includes transferring and fixing a toner image from a photoreceptor onto a recording medium such as paper by using the intermediate transfer medium. The intermediate transfer medium can yield a high gloss desirable for color image and the control of the driving run of the intermediate transfer medium can be maintained readily by reducing the frictional coefficient with the photoreceptor and the intermediate transfer medium can reduce the fog toner transfer rate to prevent the deterioration of the resulting image quality. The surface of the intermediate transfer medium where the image is primarily transferred (primary image transfer medium) is of smooth surface with protrusions dispersed thereon in a manner such that the smooth surface and the protrusions might be discriminated from each other. The relation between the area ratio of the smooth surface on the primary image transfer surface [Cin %] and the height of the protrusions [h (.mu.m)] preferably satisfies the following experimental formula (1):

Intermediate transfer medium, method for producing the same and image

An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electrically conductive substrate having thereon a charge-generating layer and a charge-transporting layer, wherein the charge-transporting layer comprises: a nonuniform charge-transporting layer comprising an electrically inactive matrix and a charge-transporting domain dispersed in the matrix; and the uniform charge-transporting layer comprising a charge-transporting matrix.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic apparatus

An electrophotographic photosensitive element having S-type photo-induced potential decay characteristics and an electrophotographic apparatus using the photosensitive member are provided. The photosensitive member comprises a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer on an electroconductive substrate. The charge transport layer contains a polymer in a phase separated state with a modulated structure, comprising an electrically inactive phase and a charge transporting phase. The amount of exposure required for 50% potential decay is less than 5 times the exposure amount required for 10% potential decay. The modulated structure includes, for example, a mixture of insulating polymer and charge transporting polymer and the like. The modulated structure can be formed by the method of separating a homogeneous phase of these polymers into two phases.

Electrophotographic photosensitive member having S-type photo-induced

An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a conductive substrate having thereon a photosensitive layer, the photosensitive layer containing a hydroxymetal or hydroxysilicon phthalocyanine pigment represented by formula (I) as a charge generating material, the phthalocyanine pigment having been treated with an orcanometallic compound having a hydrolyzable functional group or a hydrolysis product thereof: ##STR1## wherein Me represents A, Ga, In, Si, Ge or Sn; X representsH, C, Br or I; m represents an integer of from I to 4; and n represents 1 where Me is A, Ga or In, or 2 where Me is Si, Ge or Sn.

Phthalocyanine pigment for electrophotographic photoreceptors

Electrophotographic photoreceptor containing uniform and nonuniform

Hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystals and an electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising the same. The hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystals contain at least one of a polar organic solvent selected from the group consisting of a compound having an amido group, a compound having a sulfoxide group, and an organic amine.

Hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystals and electrophotographic

A novel electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising an electrically-conductive substrate having provided thereon an undercoat layer and a photoconductive layer in thin order, wherein the undercoat layer is formed by using a high molecular weight compound having an alkoxysilyl group; a high molecular weight compound having an alkoxysilyl group, and an organic metal compound; or a high molecular weight compound having an alkoxysilyl group, an organic metal compound and a silane coupling agent. As the organic metal compound there may be preferably used at least one selected from the group consisting of an organic zirconium compound and an organic titanium compound.

Electrophotographic photoreceptor

Hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystals having intense diffraction peaks at Bragg angles (2.theta..+-.0.2.degree.) of 7.5.degree., 9.9.degree., 12.5.degree., 16.3.degree., 18.6.degree., 25.1.degree. and 28.3.degree. in Cuk.alpha. characteristic X-ray diffractometry, a process for producing the same, and an electrophotographic photoreceptor containing the same are disclosed. The hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystals are obtained by once preparing impurity-free hydroxygallium phthalocyanine having intense X-ray diffraction peaks at specific Bragg angles, followed by a solvent treatment for crystal transformation, in which the impurity-free crystals are prepared by using excess phthalocyanine ring-forming compound in the synthesis of starting gallium phthalocyanine or by removing insoluble matter from the acid paste of starting gallium phthalocyanine.

Hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal, and electro-photographic

Growing community of inventors

Minami-ashigara, Japan

Yasuo Sakaguchi