Takeda Chemical Industries, Inc.

Gekkeikan Sake Company Limited

Yasuhiro Sumino

Muneharu Doi

Shigeya Kakimoto

Koji Sonoi

Takashi Suzuki

Hideaki Yamada

Mitsuko Asai

Hiroyuki Kimura

Kiyoshi Nara

Shun-ichi Akiyama

Eiji Ichikawa

Satoshi Imayasu

Shunichi Akiyama

Masaru Suzuki

Tetsuyoshi Suizu

A promoter of a glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene of Acremonium chrysogenum and a transformant which is obtained by using the expression plasmid containing the promoter and is capable of producing a cephalosporin are disclosed.

Gylceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene and promoter

A novel urease having an optimal pH for activity in the acidic region is produced by a microorganism belonging to the genus Lactobacillus or Streptococcus. The urease is superior to the conventional urease in pH stability, temperature stability and alcohol stability.

Acid urease and production thereof

Ethyl carbamate in an alcoholic liquor is decomposed by contacting the alcoholic liquor with a culture broth or processed matter thereof obtained from a microorganism which belongs to the genus Gluconobacter, Flavobacterium, Arthrobacter, Achromobacter, Alcaligenes, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Rhodotorula, Rhodosporidium, Trichosporon or Candida, and is capable of decomposing ethyl carbamate. The alcoholic liquor is improved in quality, and has a low ethyl carbamate content.

Quality improvement of alcoholic liquors by enzymatic decomposing of

Alcoholic liquors containing carbamide are treated with the urease which has the optimal pH for the activity in an acid region, especially in the region of pH2 to 5. By such treatment, the carbamide can be completely decomposed and removed from the alcoholic liquors in a much smaller amount of urease and in a short time as compared with a conventional treatment according to a urease having the optimal pH in the neutral to alkaline region. This method is more advantageous from the viewpoint of practical use and the quality of the thus obtained alcoholic liquors are superior to that obtained by the conventional treatment.

Quality improvement of alcoholic liquors

A method of producing guanosine using an adenine-requiring microorganism, in which method the amount of the adenine-containing material to be added to the initial medium is restricted to not more than 50% of the required amount and, after the adenine-containing material added to the initial medium has been consumed almost completely, the remainder of the required amount is added intermittently or continuously.

Method of producing guanosine

In a fermentation procedure for the production of nucleosides i.e. inosine and/or guanosine using an adenine-requiring microorganism, the fermentation is carried out by allowing a source of adenine to be present in the medium in an excess amount over the amount of adenine that would be conductive to a maximum yield of inosine and/or guanosine in aerobic culture using ordinary air, and cultivating the microorganism while an oxygen-rich gas is bubbled into the medium. Thus, inosine and/or guanosine are accumulated in high yield in the fermentation broth.

Producing nucleosides

A method of producing inosine and/or guanosine comprising cultivating a microorganism in a medium containing a carbohydrate, in which method a carbohydrate is added either continuously or intermittently to the medium when and in the state that the concentration of the carbohydrate in the medium is less than about 1 percent so that the carbohydrate concentration of the medium is maintained below about 1 percent.

Method of producing inosine and/or guanosine

A novel antibiotic P-2563 is produced by cultivating a microorganism of the genus Pseudomonas. The antibiotic is useful as a drug for the treatment of pustule, and also useful as a disinfectant.

Growing community of inventors

Kobe, Japan

Yasuhiro Sumino