Space Exploration Technologies Corp.

Corning Optical Communications LLC

Spidercloud Wireless, Inc.

Yashodhan A Dandekar

Peter J Worters

Chen Chen

Phillip E Barber

Ramakrishna Akella

Darshan Purohit

Khasim Shaheed Shaik Mahammad

Pavel Chikulaev

David Sacks

Brian Dunn

Jayasuryan V Iyer

Kalle Ahmavaara

Sergii Ziuzin

Vladimir Skuratovich

Andrei Pushkin

Hithesh Nama

Jaspreet Singh

Cong Shen

Mark Gallagher

Shashikant Tiwari

Behrooz Parsay

James Michael Murphy

Murari Srinivasan

Sayandev Mukherjee

Amit Butala

Allan Baw

Jeffrey A Gardner

Brian Patrick Dunn

Systems, methods, and non-transitory media are provided for low latency handovers. An example method can include receiving, by a user terminal associated with a cell served by a satellite, a schedule of communications between the user terminal and one or more satellites, wherein the one or more satellites comprises the satellite and a different satellite, and wherein the schedule of communications is obtained by the user terminal from the satellite; requesting, based on the schedule, a handover from a beam of the satellite to a different beam of one of the satellite or the different satellite; performing the handover from the beam of the satellite to the different beam of the one of the satellite or the different satellite; and after the handover, transmitting, by the user terminal, one or more packets via the different beam of the one of the satellite or the different satellite.

Low latency schedule-driven handovers

A method of operating an uplink scheduler as part of a medium access control scheduler on a satellite includes selecting, from a plurality of user terminals, a first number of zero-bandwidth request user terminals from the plurality of user terminals, selecting, from the plurality of user terminals, a second number of non-zero-bandwidth request user terminals from the plurality of user terminals, binning the second number of non-zero-bandwidth request user terminals into a plurality of bins based on a respective bandwidth requirement for each non-zero-bandwidth request user terminal and based on a minimum user terminal grant and allocating, according to a grant allocation algorithm, a respective grant of radio resources in an uplink frame to each user terminal of the plurality of user terminals into a respective bin of the plurality of bins in an order associated with increasing bandwidth needs. A downlink scheduler is also disclosed.

System and method of providing a medium access control scheduler

A method for downlink link adaptation includes receiving, from a satellite and at a user terminal, a first data packet data unit according to a first downlink modulation and coding scheme (MCS), computing error vector magnitude data associated with the first data packet data unit, generating, based on one or more of the error vector magnitude data, user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio feedback based on a constant times a previous user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio and a current user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio, and transmitting an uplink packet data unit having a downlink block error rate and the user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio feedback. A satellite runs a link adaptation algorithm based on the user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio feedback and block error rate to generate a second downlink MCS. The method includes receiving at the user terminal a second data packet data unit according to the second downlink MCS for the satellite-to-user-terminal downlink. Uplink link adaptation is also disclosed.

System and method of providing an adaptive modulation and coding scheme

In an embodiment, a user terminal includes a communication module (CM) configured to generate an initial network entry request; an antenna assembly configured to find, in response to the initial network entry request, a satellite based on a search of a sky. The search of the sky includes sequentially changing a beam pointing direction of the antenna assembly. The satellite is assigned to downlink to a geographic cell associated with the user terminal. The user terminal includes a media access control (MAC) layer component configured to generate an uplink radio frame including a random access channel (RACH) request associated with the initial network entry request at a particular portion of the uplink radio frame for the satellite.

Initial network entry to a communications system

Systems, methods, and techniques are provided for a radio link control (RLC) sublayer. An example satellite or user terminal can include a divisional of layer 2 of the OSI protocol layer structure. An example method includes providing a RLC sublayer on top of a MAC sublayer and adaptively switching, via the RLC sublayer and based on external data, between an unacknowledged mode and an acknowledged mode for the electronic communications. If the RLC sublayer is operating in the unacknowledged mode, the RLC sublayer provides one or more of (1) fragmentation and reassembly of service data units; (2) a use of RLC headers; and/or (3) no delivery guarantees. If the RLC sublayer is operating in the acknowledged mode, the RLC sublayer provides reliability in a sequence delivery service and one or more of (1) fragmentation and reassembly of service data units; and/or (2) the use of RLC headers.

System and method of providing a radio link control sublayer

Systems, methods, and non-transitory media are provided for low latency handovers. An example method can include receiving, by a satellite, a schedule of communications between the satellite and one or more gateways; requesting, based on the schedule, a handover from a link between the satellite and a gateway to a different link between the satellite and the gateway or a different gateway; prior to a completion of the handover, processing packets bicasted over the link between the satellite and the gateway and the different link between the satellite and the gateway or the different gateway; performing the handover from the link between the satellite and the gateway to the different link between the satellite and the gateway or the different gateway; and after the handover, transmitting, by the satellite, one or more packets via the different link between the satellite and the gateway or the different gateway.

Fifth generation (5G) non-standalone (NSA) radio access system employing virtual fourth generation (4G) master connection to enable dual system data connectivity. The 5G NSA radio access system employs a virtual 4G radio access node (RAN) to provide a logical master data connection to a user mobile communications device, and a 5G RAN to provide an additional, secondary high-speed data plane between the user mobile communications device to a core network. The virtual 4G RAN does not provide an actual 4G radio connection over-the-air to the user mobile communications device. Instead, the signaling transported between the user mobile communications device and the virtual 4G RAN is provided over a non-radio connection, such as an internet protocol (IP) connection. In this manner, the deployment of the 5G NSA radio access system employing the virtual 4G RAN can be achieved without updating existing 4G RANs and/or without deploying a new 4G RAN infrastructure.

Fifth generation (5G) non-standalone (NSA) radio access system employing virtual fourth generation (4G) master connection to enable dual system data connectivity

A method for downlink link adaptation includes receiving, from a satellite and at a user terminal, a first data packet data unit according to a first downlink modulation and coding scheme (MCS), computing an error vector magnitude data associated with the first data packet data unit, generating, based on one or more of the error vector magnitude data, user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio feedback based on a constant times a previous user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio and a current user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio, and transmitting an uplink packet data unit having a downlink block error rate and the user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio feedback. A satellite runs a link adaptation algorithm based on the user terminal signal-to-noise-ratio feedback and block error rate to generate a second downlink MCS. The method includes receiving at the user terminal a second data packet data unit according to the second downlink MCS for the user terminal. An uplink link adaptation algorithm is also disclosed.

In an embodiment, a user terminal includes a connection manager component configured to generate an initial network entry request; an antenna assembly communicatively coupled to the connection manager and configured, in response to the initial network entry request, to find a satellite based on a search of a sky, wherein the satellite comprises a satellite assigned to downlink to a geographic cell associated with the user terminal; and a media access control (MAC) layer component communicatively coupled to the connection manager, the MAC layer component configured to generate an uplink radio frame including a random access channel (RACH) request associated with the initial network entry request at a particular portion of the uplink radio frame for the satellite, wherein the particular portion is selected by the MAC layer component from among a plurality of portions of the uplink radio frame.

Systems, methods, and non-transitory media are provided for low latency handovers. An example method can include receiving, by a user terminal associated with a cell served by a satellite, a schedule of communications between the user terminal and one or more satellites; requesting, based on the schedule, a handover from a beam of the satellite to a different beam of one of the satellite or a different satellite; processing packets transmitted over the beam of the satellite and/or the different beam of the one of the satellite or the different satellite; performing the handover from the beam of the satellite to the different beam of the one of the satellite or the different satellite; and after the handover, transmitting, by the user terminal, one or more packets via the different beam of the one of the satellite or the different satellite.

A method of coordinating a plurality of radio access networks (RANs) includes aggregating, with a gateway, communications interfaces between a plurality of RANs and a packet core network through the gateway. A plurality of radio nodes (RNs) in each of the RANs is communicatively coupled to the gateway and to user equipment (UE) devices associated with the RNs in each of the RANs. The gateway also controls and coordinates mobility of the UE devices within and among the RANs. In addition, the gateway acts as a virtual enhanced NodeB (eNB) to the packet core network, thereby hiding the aggregated communications interfaces from the packet core network.

Gateway coordinating multiple small cell radio access networks

Systems and methods are disclosed for managing an aggregated self-organizing network (A-SON). In such, a plurality of small cells is grouped into clusters using available topology information. In one implementation, a subset of clusters is assigned to groups of a first type, such that the clusters within a group of the first type have minimal RF connectivity. For example, scanning or updating of RF parameters may then be coordinated such that adjacent clusters do not scan or update simultaneously but clusters within groups of the first type do have at least partially overlapping scans or updates. Similarly, subsets of clusters may be assigned to first and second groups of a second type, such that the clusters within a first group of the second type have sufficient coverage to provide RF connectivity to clusters within the second group, if the second group encounters a service interruption. Other benefits are also described.

Growing community of inventors

Cupertino, CA, United States of America

Yashodhan A Dandekar