The Boeing Company

Yared Shenkoru

Richard John Loftis

Andrew Lewis Armatorio

Daniel A Burch

Justin Nuyda

Roland J Olivier

Systems to apply heat to an aircraft surface are disclosed. In some embodiments, heaters are embedded in a composite structure of an aircraft. In one embodiment, a composite aircraft structure comprises a base comprising a plurality of resin impregnated plies, a heating layer adjacent the base, wherein the heating layer comprises at least one heater, an adhesive layer adjacent the heating layer, a lightning protection layer adjacent the heating layer, and an exterior surface layer adjacent the lightning protection layer. Other embodiments may be described.

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Lynwood, WA, United States of America

Yared Shenkoru