New York University

At&t Intellectual Property I, L.p.

International Business Machines Corporation

Future Wei Technologies, Inc.

Yang Xu

H Jonathan Chao

Oliver Spatscheck

Vijay Gopalakrishnan

Byoung-Jo J Kim

Muhammad Bilal Anwer

Chengwei Wang

Shu Tao

Rahul Singh

Kyle Robert Bilbray

Rittwik Jana

Hong Heather Yu

Ya Bin Dang

Mingquan Wu

Angela L Chiu

Yi Ge

Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao

Yong Liu

Shu Shi

Ling Shao

Zhiyong Liang

Bo Yan

Miao Zhao

Cing-Yu Chu

Jonathan Chao

Kuan-yin Chen

Chenguang Yu

Rihua Wei

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a virtual processing system initiating a first streaming session with a content streaming server to receive content data, creating a first transport connection with a viewer streaming the content data in a second streaming session with the content streaming server by imitating a transport connection of the content streaming server with the viewer, creating a second transport connection with the content streaming server by imitating a transport connection of the viewer with the content streaming server, splitting the first streaming session between the content streaming server and the viewer, and streaming the content data to the viewer. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Transport layer network service for live content broadcasting

A framework in a cloud network that may allow for debugging at multiple vantage points at different layers (e.g., layer 2, layer 3, etc.). The methods may provide tracer or measurement services that filter, capture, or forward flows that may include packets, calls, or protocols to look for particular signatures.

Diagnostic traffic generation for automatic testing and troubleshooting

Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a virtual network element that includes a plurality of virtual machine modules configured to process a plurality of control packets in a virtualized telecommunication network. A classifier module is configured to receive telecommunications traffic that includes the plurality of control packets and a plurality of data packets, to separate the plurality of control plane data from the at least one data packet, and to forward the plurality of control packets to selected ones of the plurality of virtual machine modules. A forwarding device, coupled to the classifier module and separate from the plurality of virtual machine modules, is configured to forward the plurality of data packets in the virtualized telecommunication network. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Virtual network element and methods for use therewith

A provider edge ('PE') router system and a PE router system controller for hybrid virtualization of PE router functions is disclosed herein. According to one aspect of the concepts and technologies disclosed herein, a PE router system operating at a PE of a network includes an elastic computing system and a plurality of switches. The elastic computing system can include a plurality of hardware resources and a plurality of virtual machines. Each virtual machine of the plurality of virtual machines can utilize at least a portion of the plurality of hardware resources to perform operations. The plurality of virtual machines can include a port virtual machine that provides an interface to a customer edge ('CE') router operating at a CE of the network. The port virtual machine can provide a first set of operations. The plurality of switches can provide a second set of operations.

Provider edge router system and provider edge router system controller for hybrid virtualization of provider edge router functions

The problem of recovering from multiple link failures in a way that is quick, avoids loops, avoids packet modifications, and that avoids significant modifications to existing routers is solved by: (1) associating a network rerouting unit (NRU) with each of the plurality of routers; (2) configuring each router so that if a link (or more specifically, any link) directly connected to the router fails, the router redirects any packets whose next hop is a port terminating an end of the failed link to the NRU associated with the router; (3) executing a routing protocol on each of the NRUs whereby each NRU will learn a topology of the communications network; (4) receiving by a first NRU, a packet redirected from the router associated with the first NRU; and (5) responsive to receiving, by the first NRU, the packet redirected from the router associated with the first NRU, (i) identifying a link directly connected to the router as a failed link using a destination address in the redirected packet, and the topology of the network learned by the first NRU, (ii) determining an alternative path to the destination address of the redirected packet bypassing the identified failed link, and (iii) tunneling the redirected packet to an intermediate node on or associated with the alternative path using encapsulation. NRUs provide more programmability and better flexibility, thereby allowing network operators to deploy new network functions and features on demand in a timely and agile manner. Such NRUs provide resilience as a network function ('RaaNF') that can be plugged into a running network easily and help the network recover from link failures without modifying existing routers.

Network function virtualization ('NFV') based communications network resilience

Collisions and/or congestion at output ports of switches can be relieved by: (a) receiving a packet; (b) extracting destination information from the packet; (c) looking up, using the extracted destination information, an output port; (d) determining whether to redirect the packet based on a congestion level of a buffer of the output port; (f) when determining to redirect the packet, (1) dispatching the packet to a dedicated reservoir port of the switch, wherein the reservoir port enforces a queue discipline, (2) receiving, by a reservoir, the redirected packet, (3) temporarily buffering, in an internal queue of the reservoir, the redirected packet, and (4) sending the temporarily buffered packet back to the switch. Otherwise, the packet is dispatched to the output port of the switch. Packets sent back to the switch are paced to relieve collisions and congestion at the switch output port.

Methods and apparatus for alleviating congestion at a switch, such as a shallow buffered switch

Software-Defined Networking ('SDN') enables flexible flow control by caching policy rules at OpenFlow switches. Compared with exact-match rule caching, wildcard rule caching can better preserve the flow table space at switches. However, one of the challenges for wildcard rule caching is the dependency between rules, which is generated by caching wildcard rules overlapped in field space with different priorities. Failure to handle the rule dependency may lead to wrong matching decisions for newly arrived flows, or may introduce high storage overhead in flow table memory. A wildcard rule caching system, which may be used for SDN partitions the field space into logical structures called buckets, and caches buckets along with all the associated wildcard rules. Doing so resolves rule dependency while using control network bandwidth efficiently. Further, controller processing load and flow setup latency are reduced.

Controlling the reactive caching of wildcard rules for packet processing, such as flow processing in software-defined networks

Identifying state inconsistency in edge-based software defined networks is disclosed. A verification server may receive controller network configuration data from a controller of an edge-based software defined network (SDN) and end-host network configuration data from at least one end-host of the SDN. The verification server may parse the controller network configuration data into a network state representation and the end-host network configuration data into the network state representation. The network state representation of the controller network configuration data and the end-host network configuration data may be compared to identify state inconsistency in the SDN. Responsive to identifying the state inconsistency, an alert and/or a report may be generated and transmitted to an administrator user interface.

Identifying configuration inconsistency in edge-based software defined networks (SDN)

The determination of user perceived delay in audio and video conferencing systems/services is described. Example embodiments consistent with the present invention measure delays in audio and/or video conferencing systems and services, by treating such systems and services as black boxes, thereby providing end-to-end delays as they would be perceived by users. For example, the user perceived round-trip delay in a video conference system/service may include time delays from each of video capture, video encoding, video transmission, video decoding and video rendering.

Determining user perceived delays in voice conferencing systems and video conferencing systems

A multi-dimensional perfect hash table construction technique is based on which the well-known AC automaton, and can be implemented by very compact perfect hash tables. The technique may place transitions, each from a source state to a destination state, of an automaton into a hash table to generate a perfect hash table by: (a) dividing the transitions into multiple independent sets according to their respective source states; (b) ordering the sets of transitions based on the number of transitions belonging to the set, thereby defining an order of the sets from largest to smallest; and (c) constructing a perfect hash table by, for each of the sets of transitions, in the order from largest to smallest, hashing the transitions of the set into the hashing table to generate a perfect hashing table.

Generating progressively a perfect hash data structure, such as a multi-dimensional perfect hash data structure, and using the generated data structure for high-speed string matching

Method, device and apparatus for delivering video telephony by using a media controller and a software defined networking (SDN) controller to enable multicasting for multi-party video conferencing. A media controller generates a video sending rate for each of the plurality of client devices based on a received video conference request and received network information. The media controller determines and independently constructs a maximum-rate delay-bounded multicast tree for each of the plurality of client devices that supports the largest possible multicast rate. The media controller determines a common congested link in the multicast trees, re-routes the multicast tree with the common congested link for the client device with the lowest weight of utility divided by its video sending rate and creating two subtrees, and iteratively re-routes the multicast trees until an aggregate video sending rate of the multicast trees sharing the common congested link meets a link capacity of the common congested link.

Growing community of inventors

Brooklyn, NY, United States of America

Yang Xu