Thomas Jefferson University

Ael Defense Corp.

Xiaoguang Sun

Jeffrey I Joseph

Mark S Colyar

An implantable device for sensing in vivo the level of at least one blood constituent in mammalian vascular tissue has at least one source of radiation from infrared through visible light, arranged to direct the radiation at the tissue where it is affected by interaction with the tissue, and a plurality of detectors. Each detector has associated with it a filter transparent to a discrete narrow band of radiation, and each detector provides an output signal representative of detected radiation in that narrow band. The detectors are located with respect to the tissue to receive radiation affected by the tissue. The invention also encompasses a device for measuring and controlling the level of a blood constituent, such as glucose, in a mammal, and includes an implantable infrared source and sensor module for directing infrared radiation through vascular tissue and for sensing the infrared radiation after it has passed through the tissue and generating an output signal representative of the sensed infrared radiation. The device includes a processor module responsive to the output signal from the infrared source and sensor module which performs spectral analysis of the output signal and derives from that analysis a control signal representative of the level of the blood constituent. The device further includes an insulin pump for dispensing doses of insulin in response to the control signal for blood glucose regulation.

Implantable sensor and system for measurement and control of blood

An energy management system for a hybrid internal combustion and electric vehicle provides a highly energy-efficient and yet highly agile hybrid vehicle. The vehicle includes an internal combustion engine, an electric motor/generator and at least one electric storage battery for storing and dispensing energy, all operating in conjunction with an energy storage system including a sensing and control unit and a superconducting magnetic energy storage device. The sensing and control unit is connected to the motor/generator, the battery and the storage device, and has as an input at least one sensor signal representative of a preselected sensed vehicle condition. The sensing and control unit selectably charges the battery at a charging rate compatible with maximum battery efficiency, discharges the battery at a discharging rate also compatible with maximum battery efficiency, causes the storage device to store energy from the motor/generator, and causes the storage device to supply stored energy to the motor/generator, in response to the sensed vehicle condition.

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King of Prussia, PA, United States of America

Xiaoguang Sun