Rhone-poulenc S.a.

Rhone-poulenc Industries

Hospal Industrie

Bayer Cropscience S.a.

Institut Francais Du Petrole, Des Carburants Et Lubrifiants Et

Xavier Marze

Michel Salmon

Gilbert Christen

Bernard Favre

Maurice Born

Francois Audibert

Daniel Defives

Michel Minfray

Rene Thuillier

The invention features a composite material comprising a gypsum partitional slab coated on at least one of its two surfaces with a cardboard or paper ply, the ply being impregnated with a 1-phenylpyrazole insecticide, preferably 5-amino-3-cyano-1-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole. The invention provides an insect protection method for dwellings against the damage caused by borers, especially termites comprising fixing the composite material on at least 50%, preferably 95%, of the total surface area of the internal face of partitions and walls.

Protection against termites

A semi-permeable membrane which comprises either

Semi-permeable membranes

Semi-permeable, e.g., ultrafiltration membranes are shaped from a solvent solution of an admixture of at least one polyether comprising recurring units of the structural formula:

Polyether admixture and semi-permeable membranes comprised thereof

A mixture of at least one non-sulphonated polysulphone and at least one sulphonated polysulphone, this mixture consisting of 10 to 30% by weight of a sulphonated polysulphone which has a theoretical exchange capacity of from 500 to 1,200 meq/kg is provided. Such mixtures enable one to obtain semi-permeable membranes using relatively concentrated solutions of the mixtures. The resulting membranes are particularly suitable for use in ultrafiltration.

Polymeric compositions for membranes

Ionically crosslinked polymers which are soluble in a liquid organic medium and which correspond to the general formula: ##STR1## in which: the symbol N.sym. represents a quaternary nitrogen-containing group; the symbol ##STR2## REPRESENTS A MACROMOLECULAR CHAIN CARRYING GROUPS WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF BEING LINKED, VIA A COVALENT BOND, TO -SO.sub.3 .crclbar. groups; the symbol ##STR3## REPRESENTS A MACROMOLECULAR CHAIN CARRYING GROUPS WHICH CAN GIVE RISE TO THE FORMATION OF N.sym. groups, the symbol ##STR4## INDICATING THAT THE N.sym. groups are linked to the macromolecular chain by at least one covalent bond, and the chains ##STR5## CONSIDERED TOGETHER, DO NOT CONTAIN OPPOSITELY CHARGED GROUPS WHICH ARE CAPABLE OF FORMING INTER-CHAIN COVALENT BONDS, THE RATIO N/M IS BETWEEN 0.1 AND 10; AND THE NATURE OF THE UNITS FORMING THE MACROMOLECULAR CHAINS AND THE VALUES OF N AND M BEING SUCH THAT A POLYMER OF FORMULA (I.sub.1) ##STR6## IN WHICH M represents a hydrogen ion or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal ion and x is 1 or 2, and a polymer of formula (I.sub.2) ##STR7## IN WHICH A represents a hydroxyl radical or the anion of an inorganic or organic acid of formula AH.sub.y, y being equal to 1, 2 or 3, are both insoluble in water but soluble in a common liquid organic medium are provided having properties making them suitable for use as, inter alia, membranes for ultrafiltration, dialysis and osmosis.

Polyelectrolytes

A gas/liquid heat exchanger is provided which comprises means for circulating gas and/or liquid and a plurality of hollow fibres, adapted to receive said gas or said liquid, said fibres being of polymeric material which is inert with respect to said liquid and are permeable to said liquid. Such a heat exchanger considerably improves the efficiency/volume ratio of the appratus, largely as a result of the liquid which permeates through the fibres vaporizing.

Process for carring out a gas/liquid heat-exchange

A hollow fiber is provided possessing a continuous longitudinally extending channel free from macromolecular material, said fiber consisting essentially of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an olefinically unsaturated comonomer containing an optionally salified sulphonic acid group, and possessing micropores of average diameter less than about 100 A, between 40% and 80% of walls of the fiber being empty space. This fiber can be prepared by injecting a solution of a copolymer of acrylonitrile and an olefinically unsaturated comonomer containing an optionally salified sulphonic acid group in at least one polar organic solvent into a spinneret with an annular orifice, and immediately coagulating the inside and the outside of the nascent hollow fibre issuing from the spinneret with a coagulating fluid which is selected from:

Hollow fibres

Used lubricating oils are first heated to 200.degree.-500.degree. C, optionally with added steam, and then filtered through a membrane such as an ultra-filtration membrane. The latter has preferably a cut range of from 5,000 to 300,000.

Growing community of inventors

Lyons, France

Xavier Marze