Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Wolfgang Richter

Rudolf Kummer

Kurt Schwirten

Rolf Hartmuth Fischer

Heinz-Walter Schneider

Uwe Vagt

Roland Krokoszinski

Franz Merger

Wolfgang Harder

Franz J Broecker

Claus-Ulrich Priester

Hans-Martin Hutmacher

Rolf Müller

Wolfgang Hoelderich

Rocco Paciello

Peter Zehner

Herwig Hoffmann

Marc Walter

Michael Röper

Peter Stops

Max Strohmeyer

Jürgen Tropsch

Wolfgang Ahlers

Walter Disteldorf

Thomas Mackewitz

Edgar Zeller

Bernhard Geissler

Martin Volland

Dieter Stuetzer

Klaus Diehl

Hubert Lendle

Klaus-Dieter Malsch

Helmut Walz

Ansgar Schäfer

Rolf M&uuml;ller

Johannes G Reuvers

Michael Richard McAtee

Erich Weippert

The invention relates to a method for the continuous production of aldehydes by the isomerising hydroformylation in a homogenous phase of olefin compositions by means of a synthesis gas, in the presence of a homogeneous rhodium catalyst that is complexed with an organophosphorus ligand containing oxygen atoms and/or nitrogen atoms and a free ligand. The production is carried out at high temperature and high pressure in a multi-stage reaction system consisting of at least two reaction zones. According to the method, the olefin composition is first reacted in a first reaction zone or a group of several first reaction zones at a total pressure of between 10 and 40 bar, using a synthesis gas with a CO/Hmolar ratio of between 4:1 and 1:2 until a 40 to 95% conversion of the &#x3b1;-olefins is obtained.

Method for the continuous production of aldehydes

The invention relates to a hydroformylation process in which at least one olefin having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms is reacted continuously with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst in a reaction zone in which a liquid phase is present and a stream S) is taken from the liquid phase, heat is removed from this stream and the stream is subsequently returned to the reaction zone without removal of a material component.

Method for the hydroformylation of olefins with 2 to 6 carbon atoms

A process for preparing a C-alcohol mixture comprises The alcohol mixture is suitable for preparing surfactants by alkoxylation, glycosidation, sulfation, phosphation, alkoxylation and subsequent sulfation or alkoxylation and subsequent phosphation.

C13 alcohol mixture and functionalised C13 alcohol mixture

A process for preparing hydroformylation products of olefins having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms comprises The proposed coupling of the hydroformylation with, for example, a steam cracker allows complete hydroformylation of the olefins produced without olefin losses via the waste gas.

Method for producing hydroformylation products of olefins with 2 to 8 carbon atoms

Disclosed is a method for the hydroformylation of olefins comprising 2 to 8 atoms, whereby a) an inflow containing olefins and a gas mixture containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide are fed into a reaction zone and reacted in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst, b) the reaction product which is released from the raw hydroformylation product is redirected into the reaction zone during the extraction of a gaseous recovery flow. The inventive method is characterised in that c) the recovery flow is brought into intimate contact with a wash liquid in order to eliminate the unreacted olefins contained therein, the wash liquid being a vented hydroformylation product, and the olefin-charged wash liquid and the raw hydroformylation product are redirected for regeneration. Said inventive method enables unreacted olefins to be reclaimed to a large extent from the recovery flow.

Method for the hydroformylation of olefins comprising 2 to 8 carbons atoms

Caprolactone is prepared by a process in which a 6-hydroxycaproic ester in vapor form is passed, together with an inert carrier gas, at from 150.degree. to 450.degree. C., over a fixed-bed or fluidized-bed oxidic catalyst.

Preparation of caprolactone

4-Pentenoates are prepared by isomerization by a process in which isomeric pentenoates are treated with a zeolite of the pentasil type at from 50.degree. to 300.degree. C., and the 4-pentenoate is distilled off from the reaction mixture.

Preparation of 4-pentenoates

Olefinically unsaturated compounds are hydroformylated continuously, the olefin being passed into the lower region of the reactor, under from 1 to 40 bar and at from 50.degree. to 140.degree. C. with the aid of a rhodium complex as a catalyst in a hydroformylation reactor having a liquid reaction zone which occupies about 60-85% of the reactor volume, the gaseous products and reactants being removed from the hydroformylation reactor, the products being isolated and the major part of the remaining gas being recycled to the reactor by the cycle gas method, by a process in which from 20 to 80% by volume of the cycle gas is fed into the hydroformylation reactor above the liquid reaction zone and/or below the liquid surface in the top fourth of the liquid reaction zone.

Continuous hydroformylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds

In an improved process for the preparation of 6-aminocaproates by reacting a 5-formylvalerate with ammonia and hydrogen using an alkanol as a solvent in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at elevated temperatures and under superatmospheric pressure, the improvement comprises carrying out the reaction at from 40.degree. to 95.degree. C.

Preparation of 6-aminocaproates

Caprolactam is prepared by a process in which

Preparation of .epsilon.-caprolactams

A process for the preparation of succinic acid diesters by carbonylation of acrylic acid esters in the presence of alcohols, using a cobalt carbonyl complex as the catalyst and a heterocyclic nitrogen base as the promoter, at 80.degree.-200.degree. C. and under a carbon monoxide pressure of 60-300 bar, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of not less than 20% by weight, based on the amount of all the liquid constituents of the reaction mixture, of an inert liquid and the concentration of the acrylic acid ester is kept, for the predominant part of the reaction time, at below 15% by weight, again based on the amount of all liquid constituents.

Preparation of succinic acid diesters

Reaction mixtures which are obtained on hydroformylation or carbonylation of olefinically unsaturated compounds and which contain dissolved non-volatile complex compounds of metals of group VIII of the periodic table are worked up by a method wherein the products, after distillative removal of low-boiling constituents alone, or of these constituents plus a part of the high-boiling residue, or a part of the high-boiling residue after distillative removal of the desired products, are or is extracted with carbon dioxide, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -paraffin, a C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -olefin or a normally gaseous halohydrocarbon at above the critical temperature and above the critical pressure of these (extractant) compounds.

Working up of hydroformylation or carbonylation reaction mixtures

Pure monoesters of adipic acid are prepared by a process in which

Preparation of pure monoesters of adipic acid

Olefinically unsaturated compounds are continuously hydroformylated under from 2 to 30 bar and at from 80.degree. to 130.degree. C. using, as a catalyst, a rhodium complex which contains, as ligands, sparingly volatile compounds of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth and R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are each organic radicals, by a method in which the hydroformylation mixture consisting of liquid and gaseous components is removed from the reactor and is subjected to relatively high temperatures and/or relatively low pressures for a short time in a devolatilization column, the mixture at the same time being separated into a gas phase and a liquid phase, the gas phase is separated into the product and the recycle gas in a separator, and the recycle gas and the liquid phase from the devolatilization column are recycled to the reactor.

A process for hydroformylating olefinically unsaturated compounds by means of rhodium/triphenylphosphine/carbonyl complexes formed in situ from rhodium acetate, triphenylphosphine and carbon monoxide, wherein the hydroformylation reaction is preceded by a starting phase in which the mixture of the hydroformylation medium, the triphenylphosphine and rhodium acetate is heated at from 90.degree. to 120.degree. C. under a CO/H.sub.2 pressure of from 5 to 20 bar and the acetic acid liberated is discharged from the reactor in gaseous form in a stream of CO and H.sub.2, until virtually no more acetic acid can be detected in this gaseous discharge.

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Wachenheim, Germany

Wolfgang Richter