Ashland Oil, Inc.

Other

Ashland, Inc.

Nl Industries

Organocat, LLC

William P Hettinger, Jr

Stephen M Kovach

H Wayne Beck

James Donald Carruthers

Oliver J Zandona

Edward B Cornelius

Hubert W Beck

James L Palmer

Larry D Veneziano

David G Braithwaite

Roger M Benslay

Roy E Booth

Ronald A Kmecak

James E Lewis

James F Hoffman

Howard F Moore

Paul W Walters

Terry L Goolsby

Donald M Lee

George D Myers, Deceased

Michael B Sumner

Frank H Turrill

A V Peppard

Steven W Murray

Ricky L Adkins

James R Riggs

Billy T Fritz

Joseph J Lauer

Robert H Wombles

Clifford Ward

John W Newman

Willard E Jones

Donald C Berkebile

Stephan M Kovach

Donald C Berkebile, Deceased

George J Rozman

Catherine Berkebile, Administratrix

Robert E Yancey, Jr

Eugene Chao

Sharon L Mayo

William D Watkins

An improved manganese and/or chromium-promoted catalytic process, catalyst and method of manufacture for heavy hydrocarbon conversion, optionally in the presence of nickel and vanadium on the catalyst and in the feed stock, to produce lighter molecular weight fractions, including lower olefins and higher isobutane than normally produced. This process is based on the discovery that two 'magnetic hook' elements, namely manganese and chromium, previously employed as magnetic enhancement agents to facilitate removal of old catalyst, or to selectively retain expensive catalysts, can also themselves function as selective cracking catalysts, particularly when operating on feeds containing significant amounts of nickel and vanadium, and especially where economics require operating with high nickel- and vanadium-contaminated and containing catalysts. Under such conditions, these promoted catalysts are more hydrogen and coke selective, have greater activity, and maintain that activity and superior selectivity in the presence of large amounts of contaminant metal, while also making more gasoline at a given conversion.

Process and compositions for Mn containing catalyst for carbo-metallic

Optimized utilization of combinations of fluid catalyst magnetic separator, classifier, and/or attriter can be used to achieve lower catalyst cost, and better catalyst activity and selectivity through control of metal-on-catalyst, particle size and particle size distribution. This process is especially useful when processing high metal-containing feedstocks. This provides a catalyst recovery unit (RCU.TM.) ancillary to an FCC or similar unit.

Combination magnetic separation, classification and attrition process

An improved 'magnetic hook'-promoted catalytic process, catalyst and method of manufacture for heavy hydrocarbon conversion, optionally in the presence of nickel and vanadium on the catalyst and in the feed stock to produce lighter molecular weight fractions, including more gasoline, lower olefins and higher isobutane than normally produced. This process is based on the discovery that two 'magnetic hook' elements, namely manganese and chromium, previously employed as magnetic enhancement agents to facilitate removal of old catalyst, or to selectively retain expensive catalysts, can also themselves function as selective cracking catalysts, particularly when operating on feeds containing significant amounts of nickel and vanadium, and especially where economics require operating with high nickel- and vanadium-contaminated and containing catalysts. Under such conditions, these promoted catalysts are more hydrogen and coke selective, have greater activity, and maintain that activity and superior selectivity in the presence of large amounts of contaminant metal, while also making more gasoline at a given conversion.

Producing carbon fiber precursors and carbonized fibers comprise by treating a thin film of catalytic pitch at elevated temperature conditions, treating the resulting heavy isotropic pitch by agitating with an inert gas under elevated temperature conditions to form a mesophase pitch, forming green fibers from said mesophase pitch, stabilizing and optionally carbonizing said green fibers to obtain the desired product.

Production of mesophase pitches, carbon fiber precursors, and carbonized

An improved catalytic process for heavy hydrocarbon conversion (usually but not necessarily in the presence of nickel and vanadium in the feedstock and on the catalyst) to produce lighter and selective molecular weight fractions. This process is specifically targeted as a means of retaining specialty high-valued, preferably microspherical additives (SHVA) which assist in attaining preferred conversion products such as gasoline, especially the recent gasolines meeting compositional requirements of 'Reformulated Fuel'. Selective magnetic retention of these high-cost specialty additives can be achieved by incorporating into them selective magnetic moieties, preferably manganese, the heavy rare earths and superparamagnetic iron. Selective retention is achieved by passing spent or regenerated catalyst containing small amounts of these SHVAs through a magnetic separator, and selectively recycling them back to the circulating catalyst.

Process, apparatus and compositions for recycle of cracking catalyst

By continuously or intermittently adding amounts of magnetically active moieties, e.g. iron compounds, over time so that the moiety deposits on a catalyst or sorbent in a fluid catalytic cracker or similar circulating hydrocarbon conversion unit, older catalyst, being more magnetic, can be readily separated from catalyst which has been in the system a shorter time. Separation is readily accomplished by passing the catalyst and/or sorbent through a magnetic field and discarding the more magnetic 50% by wt. or more preferably 20% by wt., while recycling the remainder back to the hydrocarbon conversion unit.

Composition comprising magnetically active moieties for magnetic

This invention relates to an improved catalytic process for carrying out heavy hydrocarbon conversion, usually, but not necessarily, in the presence of nickel and vanadium on the catalyst and in the feedstock, by catalytic cracking gas oils and heavy carbometallic oils to lighter molecular weight fractions. The process is facilitated by the continuous addition of one or more heavy rare earth additives, including gadolinum, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, and thulium, all having exceptionally high paramagnetic properties, which as they accumulate on aged catalyst, are used to achieve enhanced magnetic separation of aged catalyst. These additives are unusual in that they not only act dramatically as magnetic hooks to assist in removing old, nickel and vanadium poisoned catalyst, but also act to achieve increased activity and improve selectivity of the remaining catalyst, and of equal importance, tend to resist catalyst deactivation. This invention takes advantage of the unusual paramagnetic properties of unpaired sheltered f shell electrons of the heavy rare earths, as well as the enhanced catalytic properties resulting from accumulation of the heavy rare earths on circulating catalyst, and utilizes them as so-called enriching or amplifying 'magnetic hooks' to separate more magnetically active, older, less catalytically active and selective, higher metals containing catalyst particulates from less magnetically active, lower metal containing particulates. More importantly, by continuous addition of one or more of these elements, continuous isolation of the more catalytically active and selective catalysts fractions are achieved, enabling them to be recycled back to the unit, thus reducing fresh catalyst addition rates and high costs associated therewith.

Magnetic separation of old from new cracking catalyst by means of heavy

There are provided improved processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches, carbon fiber precursors, carbon fibers, and graphite fibers. The improvement comprises employing an elevated wiped-film evaporator in a wiped-film evaporator system comprising the wiped-film evaporator and a means for recovering enriched pitch, such as a positive displacement pump, to form an enriched pitch from catalytic pitch and regulating the operating conditions of the wiped-film evaporator system to provide the desired enriched pitch. The wiped-film evaporator is located a specific distance above the means for recovering enriched pitch. The vertical distance between the outlet of the wiped-film evaporator and the inlet of the means for recovering enriched pitch is within the range of about 10 feet to about 40 feet, preferably about 20 feet to about 40 feet.

Processes for the manufacture of enriched pitches and carbon fibers

Mesophase pitches, carbon fiber precursors, and carbonized fibers

Addition of magnetically active moieties for magnetic beneficiation of

An improved catalytic process for heavy hydrocarbon conversion, (usually, but not necessarily, in the presence of nickel and vanadium on the catalyst and in the feedstock.) to produce lighter molecular weight fractions. Manganese, which has paramagnetic properties, is added so it progressively accumulates on aged catalyst, and enhances magnetic separation of aged catalyst, to increase activity and improve selectivity of remaining catalyst which is recycled. Manganese acts as a 'magnetic hook' to separate more magnetic, older, less catalytically active and less selective, higher-metals-containing catalyst particulates from less-magnetically-active, lower-metal-containing, more catalytically active and selective catalysts fractions, which are then recycled back to the unit.

Magnetic separation of old from new equilibrium particles by means of

Improved catalytic process for carrying out heavy hydrocarbon conversion in the presence of metal on the catalyst and in the feedstock, by catalytic cracking such heavy carbometallic oils to lighter molecular weight fractions. The discovery of a ferro/superparamagnetic component of older catalyst, which when present, can be employed to achieve enhanced magnetic separation of aged catalyst. This invention utilizes this property to enhance separation of more magnetically active, older, less catalytically active and selective, higher metals-containing catalyst particulates from less magnetically active, lower metal containing particulates. The more catalytically active and selective catalysts fractions, are then recycled back to the process.

Superparamagnetic formation of FCC catalyst provides means of separation

This invention relates to an improved catalytic process for carrying out heavy hydrocarbon conversion, usually, but not necessarily, in the presence of nickel and vanadium on the catalyst and in the feedstock, by catalytic cracking gas oils and heavy carbometallic oils to lighter molecular weight fractions. The process is facilitated by the continuous addition of one or more heavy rare earth additives, including gadolinum, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, and thulium, all having exceptionally high paramagnetic properties, which as they accumulate on aged catalyst, are used to achieve enhanced magnetic separation of aged catalyst. These additives are unusual in that they not only act dramatically as magnetic hooks to assist in removing old, nickel and vanadium poisoned catalyst, but also act to achieve increased activity and improve selectivity of the remaining catalyst, and of equal importance, tend to resist catalyst deactivation. This invention takes advantage of the unusual paramagnetic properties of unpaired sheltered f shell electrons of the heavy rare earths, as well as the enhanced catalytic properties resulting from accumulation of the heavy rare earths on circulating catalyst, and utilizes them as so-called enriching or amplifying 'magnetic hooks' to separate more magnetically active, older, less catalytically active and selective, higher metals containing catalyst particulates from less magnetically active, lower metal containing particulates. More importantly, by continuous addition of one or more of these elements, continuous isolation of the more catalytically active and selective catalysts fractions are achieved, enabling them to be recycled back to the unit, thus reducing fresh catalyst addition rates and high costs associates therewith.

Growing community of inventors

Russell, KY, United States of America

William P Hettinger, Jr