Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

University of Pittsburgh

Snf Sa

William Eamon Carroll

Robert K Pinschmidt, Jr

Francis Joseph Waller

Eric John Beckman

Ning Chen

Dorai Ramprasad

Walter L Renz

Lloyd Mahlon Robeson

Harold E Swift

Christopher C Capelli

Michael E Ford

John N Armor

Cedrick Favero

George Davidowich

Gerald D Miller

Toby Chapman

John G Smigo

Christian Jehn Rendu

Robert K Pinschmide, Jr

Robert Krantz Pinschmidt

Walter Louis Renz

A composition includes water; at least one hydrophilic polymer containing at least two groups which are independently the same or different a primary amine group or a secondary amine group and at least one saccharide containing a reducible function as described above. The hydrophilic polymer and the saccharide are mixed to form a reaction mixture and reacted to increase the viscosity of the reaction mixture. The reaction is then substantially terminated by reducing the pH of the composition. A method of increasing the strength of a cellulosic pulp product includes the steps of: contacting wet cellulosic pulp with a composition comprising (i) at least one hydrophilic polymer containing at least two groups which are independently the same or different a primary amine group or a secondary amine group and at least one saccharide containing a reducible function, the hydrophilic polymer and the saccharide of the composition having been reacted in a crosslinking reaction prior to contacting the composition with the cellulosic pulp product to increase the viscosity the composition; and, after contacting the cellulosic pulp with the composition, causing the crosslinking reaction between the hydrophilic polymer and the saccharide of the composition to proceed further.

Composition for increasing cellulosic product strength and method of increasing cellulosic product strength

A process to produce N-vinylformamide includes the steps of: reacting hydroxyethyl formamide with a reactant comprising at least one cyclic anhydride group to form an ester, and dissociating the ester via heat in a thin film evaporation to synthesize N-vinylformamide and a compound comprising at least one diacid group, the N-vinylformamide separating from the diacid during the thin film evaporation. The reactant including at least one cyclic anhydride group can, for example, be succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, (2-docecen-1-yl)succinic anhydride, exo-3,6-epoxy-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalic anhydride or a polymer including at least one cyclic anhydride group. A process to produce N-vinylformamide comprises the steps of: mixing acetaldehyde, formamide and a source of anhydride in a single reaction vessel, reacting the acetaldehyde, formamide and the source of anhydride in the reaction vessel under pressure, dissociating an ester formed by a reaction between the source of anhydride and hydroxyethyl formamide formed in the reaction vessel to synthesize N-vinylformamide and a compound comprising at least one diacid group.

Synthesis of N-vinylformamide

This invention pertains to an improvement in a process for the formation of secondary or tertiary amines by the catalytic reductive amination of a nitrile with a primary amine. The catalyst employed in the improved reductive amination process is one that has been promoted with an acidic promoter preferably a solid phase acidic promoter.

Selective reductive amination of nitriles

Betaine is produced by the oxidation of a choline salt in the presence of a base and a supported noble metal catalyst at temperatures from about 20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and pressures from atmospheric to about 100 psi. This process is advantageous over prior processes for the production of betaine in that no amine halocarboxylate contaminants are produced by this reaction.

Preparation of solutions of betaine

Betaine is produced by the oxidation of a choline salt in the presence of a supported noble metal catalyst at temperatures from about 20.degree. C. to 100.degree. C. and pressures from atmospheric to about 100 psi. This process is advantageous over prior processes for the production of betaine in that no amine halocarboxylate contaminants are produced by this reaction.

Process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of betaine

N-vinyl compositions comprising 3-(N-vinylformamido)propionamides and 2-methyl-3-(N-vinylformamido)propionamides containing terminal amino, hydroxyl or a second N-vinyl group are obtained by amidation of the corresponding propionate ester with appropriate alkylamines. The invention also describes a process for preparing these compounds. The subject materials are useful as monomers in free radical polymerization as well as precursors in the preparation of unsaturated resins.

Functional N-vinylformamides

A process is provided for the synthesis of N-vinylformamidopropionates by the reaction of NVF with acrylic and methacrylic acid esters in the presence of a metal hydride catalyst. This process allows for the improved production of mono-functional monomers and also for the synthesis of new multi-functional monomers which are useful as crosslinkers and chain extenders in photo-cure applications.

N-vinylformamidopropionates and process for their synthesis

Vinylamide oligomers having molecular weights between about 280 and 7,500 are prepared by the cationic polymerization of vinylamides in the presence of a Lewis acid at a temperature between -100.degree. and 100.degree. C. The resultant vinylamide oligomers are characterized in that they have a proton initiating group at one end and an aldehyde equivalent at the other end. These vinylamide oligomers can optionally be hydrolyzed under acidic or basic conditions to form the corresponding vinylamine oligomers.

Functional oligomeric vinylformamides and vinylamines

An improved papermaking process has been developed to enhance the properties of the resultant paper or paper-type products. The process involves adding a polyvinyl alcohol/vinylamine copolymer along with a crosslinking agent at the dry end step of a conventional papermaking process. Improvements in the properties of the resultant paper products are observed, especially at low levels of copolymer addition.

Crosslinked vinyl alcohol/vinylamine copolymers for dry end paper

Vinylamide oligomers and lower molecular weight polymers are prepared by the cationic polymerization of vinylamides in the presence of a Lewis acid at a temperature between -100.degree. and 100.degree. C. The resultant vinylamide oligomers and polymers can optionally be hydrolyzed under acidic or basic conditions to form the corresponding vinylamine oligomers and polymers.

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Orefield, PA, United States of America

William Eamon Carroll