R. O. Hull & Company, Inc.

Taskem, Inc.

Rohco, Inc.

Coventya Gmbh

Mcgean-rohco, Inc.

Coventya Sas

William E Eckles

Robert E Frischauf

Thomas Walter Starinshak

William J Willis

Valerie M Canaris

Thorsten Kuehler

George S Bokisa

William E Rosenberg

Craig V Bishop

Lionel Thiery

Charles W McFarland

Frederic Raulin

Jean-Jacques Duprat

Becki A Zinni-Kettering

Wilfred J Ferguson

Peter T Vaitekunas

An apparatus () for applying a zinc or zinc-alloy electroplate to a workpiece comprises an electroplating bath () having a pH more than about 14. The electroplating bath includes zinc ions and an additive. A cathode workpiece () is in the bath. An anode assembly () contacts the bath. The anode assembly includes an anolyte and an insoluble metal anode in the anolyte. The additive is capable of electrolytically breaking down upon contact with the anode. The anode assembly inhibits the electrolytic breakdown of the additive.

Zinc and zinc-alloy electroplating

A zinc electroplating bath includes zinc ions and a brightening agent. The brightening agent is a polyamine or a mixture of polyamines that include a quaternary ammonium group.

Polyamine brightening agent

Disclosed are systems and methods of plating a tin alloy in an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly manner. An electrochemical cell containing an anolyte compartment and a catholyte compartment separated by a selective membrane is employed. The selective membrane prevents ionic metals from migrating from the catholyte compartment to the anolyte compartment. A conduit may be employed in the electrochemical cell to permit one way flow of anolyte to the catholyte compartment thereby replenishing tin to the catholyte compartment.

Tin alloy electroplating system

The present invention relates to an apparatus ( ) for applying a zinc-nickel electroplate to a workpiece. The apparatus comprises a zinc-nickel electroplating bath ( ) comprising an amine additive, such as poly(alkyleneimine), which is capable of being oxidized in the bath to cyanides. The bath has a pH more than about A cathode workpiece ( ) is positioned in the bath. An anode assembly ( ) is also positioned in the bath. The anode assembly comprises an enclosure ( ) defining an anolyte compartment ( ), at least a portion of the enclosure being an ion exchange membrane ( ). An anolyte ( ) is positioned in the compartment. An insoluble metal anode ( ) is immersed in the anolyte. The anolyte is a conductive salt or base solution and the anode is a metal or metal coating selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, chromium and alloys thereof.

Zinc-nickel electroplating

An alkaline zinc-nickel electroplating bath comprises zinc ions, nickel ions, a primary brightener which is an N-methylpyridinium compound substituted at the 3-position of the pyridine ring with a carboxylate group or a group hydrolyzable to a carboxylate group and a secondary brightener which is an aliphatic amine. An example of a preferred brightener is N-methylpyridinium-3-carboxylate or a salt thereof. A preferred polyamine is a polyethyleimine. By the present invention, a mirror bright zinc-nickel deposit can be obtained having more than 4% by weight nickel, without blistering or decomposition of the primary brightener.

Brightener for zinc-nickel plating bath and method of electroplating

A zinc alloy electroplating bath comprising zinc ions, alloy metal ions of a metal of the first transition of the Periodic Table, and a brightening agent comprising a ureylene quaternary ammonium polymer, an iminoureylene quaternary ammonium polymer, or a thioureylene quaternary ammonium polymer.

Zinc alloy plating with quaternary ammonium polymer

Bright level metal deposits can be obtained on substrates from aqueous acid plating baths containing water soluble salts of the metal to be deposited and at least one surfactant of the formula

Electroplating baths, additives therefor and methods for the

The invention provides an on-stream method and apparatus for analyzing of the concentrations of chemical components in a bath, especially in an electroplating bath, contained in one or more processing tanks. Moreover, the information obtained by such analysis of a single bath or of multiple baths may be efficiently employed to control such concentrations in the bath or respective baths, for example, by controlling the addition of one or more additives. The apparatus comprises a multi-steam sampling value and a computer for controlling the operation of said value. The computer also controls means for adding material to the baths in order to maintain the parameters thereof.

Automatic analyzer and control system for electroplating baths

Cadmium electroplating baths are described which contain as a brightening agent, pyridine compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkene, mercapto, amino, halogen, aryl, arylalkyl, aminoalkyl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, cyano, dialkylamide, aldoxime, pyrolidinyl groups and the corresponding N-oxide compounds. Semi-bright to bright level cadmium coatings are obtained with these baths.

Cadmium plating baths and methods for electrodepositing bright cadmium

Cadmium electroplating baths are described which contain at least one phosphate, carboxylate, sulfonate or sulfate compound containing one or more alkylene oxide groups containing 2 or 3 carbon atoms and wherein at least one of the alkylene oxide groups in the sulfates is attached to an aryl group. The baths also can contain at least one organic brightener compound and particularly pyridine brightener compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkene, mercapto, amino, halogen, aryl, arylalkyl, aminoalkyl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, cyano, dialkylamide, aldoxime, benzo (b), pyrrolidinyl groups and the corresponding N-oxide compounds. Semi-bright to bright level cadmium coatings are obtained with these baths.

A composition is described which provides an improvement in the electrodeposition of zinc from aqueous alkaline plating baths and particularly from alkaline plating baths containing little or no cyanide. The new composition comprises the reaction product of one or more piperazines, at least one additional nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia or aliphatic acyclic compounds containing at least one primary amine group, formaldehyde, and an epihalohydrin or a glycerol halohydrin or mixtures thereof. Aqueous, alkaline zinc plating baths containing the additive compositions of the invention deposit a bright zinc coating over a wide range of current densities.

Alkaline zinc electroplating baths and additive compositions therefor

A composition is described which is useful particularly in improving the electrodeposition of tin, lead or tin-lead from an aqueous acidic plating bath. The new composition comprises a reaction product of an unsaturated nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound with a mixture comprising formaldehyde and an unsaturated aliphatic aldehyde containing up to about six carbon atoms. Aqueous acidic plating baths containing the additive compositions of the invention, and methods for depositing tin, lead or tin-lead alloys from such baths as well as additive compositions for forming the baths also are described.

Composition, plating bath, and method for electroplating tin and/or lead

Nitrogen and sulfur compositions are described which are useful in aqueous acidic plating baths and processes for electrodepositing bright and level copper coatings. The compositions are prepared by reacting a mixture of

Nitrogen and sulfur compositions and acid copper plating baths

The present invention provides an ammonia-free acid zinc plating bath for electrodepositing bright zinc on a substrate in which the zinc deposit produced thereby is ductile and presents a glossy to bright coating on the substrate over a wide cathodic current density range. The ammonia-free acid zinc plating baths of the invention comprise zinc ions, chloride ions, at least one polyoxyalkylated naphthol, at least one aromatic carboxylic acid or bath-soluble salt thereof, and at least one anionic aromatic sulfonic acid or bath-soluble salt thereof. In addition to the above components, the ammonia-free acid zinc plating baths of the invention may contain at least one nonionic polyoxyethylene compound and at least one aromatic aldehyde, ketone, or mixtures thereof. The ammonia-free acid zinc plating baths of the invention are free from significant amounts of complexing agents that would impede the removal of zinc ions from the baths prior to disposal.

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Cleveland Heights, OH, United States of America

William E Eckles