Quicklogic Corporation

William D Cox

Andrew K Chan

Paige A Kolze

Mukesh T Lulla

Richard J Wong

John M Birkner

Hua-Thye Chua

Kathryn E Gordon

James M Apland

Hua T Chua

Kevin K Yee

Venkatesh R Nathamuni

Eric E Lehmann

Benjamin W Blair

An interface cell for a programmable integrated circuit includes a pad, an input buffer, a first routing conductor, a plurality of second routing conductors, and a plurality of antifuses. The input of the input buffer is coupled to the pad and the output of the input buffer is coupled to the first routing conductor so that an input signal from the pad can be supplied onto the first routing conductor without passing through any programmed antifuses. The second routing conductors extend parallel to one another in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the first routing conductor extends. The second routing conductors cross the first routing conductor and then pass out of the interface cell and into a routing channel of the programmable integrated circuit. One of the antifuses is disposed at each location where one of the second routing conductors crosses the first routing conductor. Accordingly, an input signal from the pad can be supplied onto any desired one of the second routing conductors of the routing channel by programming only one antifuse. The interface cell contains an enablable register, the control inputs of which can be independently driven from any conductor in the adjacent routing channel. Combinatorial and registered outputs of the interface cell can be simultaneously routed to the routing channel and some interface cell outputs have 2.times. drive strength.

Interface cell for a programmable integrated circuit employing antifuses

Select sets of a logic function corresponding to an output of a first logic circuit are determined. These select sets are used to obtain a second logic circuit, the logic function corresponding to the output of which is the same as the logic function corresponding to the output of the first logic circuit. A propagation delay through the second logic circuit may be smaller than a corresponding delay through the first logic circuit. Sometimes, such a smaller propagation delay through the second logic circuit results in the second logic circuit having a smaller critical path delay. The second logic circuit may therefore have a greater maximum operating speed than the first logic circuit.

Reducing propagation delays in a programmable device

A programmable ASIC architecture allows the size of programming transistors to be reduced along with other parts of the device as advances in processing technology are made. Programming enable circuits are used to allow a programming address shift register having fewer bits to be used in the programming of antifuses. Methods of simultaneously programming multiple corresponding antifuses to speed ASIC programming are disclosed. Aspects of the architecture allow output protection for digital logic elements in modules to be eliminated, some testing transistors to be eliminated, the sizes of other testing transistors to be reduced, capacitances on interconnect wire segments to be reduced, some programming transistors to be eliminated, and the sizes of other programming transistors to be reduced.

Logic module for field programmable gate array

Node voltages in a net involving non-linear circuit elements are estimated, successively from one point in time to the next, without a computation-intensive step of solving a set of simultaneous equations. An RC tree representing the net is obtained by modeling circuit elements with resistors, capacitors and voltage sources. Voltages on nodes of the RC tree at a second point in time are then estimated given voltages on the nodes at a previous point in time, by: 1) performing a circuit substitution that enforces a backward stepping rule, and 2) performing a DC analysis thereby obtaining node voltages at the second point in time. In this way, estimated node voltages at successive points in time are obtained by repeating the circuit substitution for the next point in time and by repeating the DC analysis to obtain node voltages at the next point in time. The length of time required for the voltage on a selected node to reach a threshold voltage is the estimated propagation delay.

Estimating propagation delays in a programmable device

A sequence of antifuses to be programmed is determined by: determining whether a first antifuse of an unordered list of antifuses to be programmed could be programmed last without programming any antifuses which are not to be programmed, determining whether a second antifuse of the unordered list could be programmed last without programming any antifuses which are not be programmed, and determining whether the first and second antifuses could be programmed simultaneously without programming any antifuses which are not to be programmed. In this way, a programming set of antifuses which could be programmed simultaneously is determined. Once determined, the antifuses making up the programming set are added to the head of an ordered list and are removed from the unordered list. By repeatedly determining programming sets of antifuses and adding each successive set of antifuses to an ordered list of antifuses, an antifuse programming sequence is developed. An FPGA is programmed by simultaneously programming the antifuses in each programming set, the programming sets being programmed in the order they appear in the ordered list.

Method for simultaneous programming of multiple antifuses

A programmable device comprises a first antifuse programmed with a first programming method and a second antifuse programmed with a second programming method, whereby an actual operating current flowing through the second antifuse exceeds a maximum permissible operating current of the first antifuse but does not exceed a maximum permissible operating current of the second antifuse, whereby an actual operating current flowing through the first antifuse does not exceed the maximum permissible operating current of the first antifuse, and whereby an actual operating current flowing through the second antifuse does not exceed the maximum permissible operating current of the second antifuse. By allowing the use of a programming method on some antifuses which would not be adequate for the programming of other antifuses, the realization of user-specific circuits in field programmable devices is facilitated and the reliability of user-specific circuits realized in field programmable devices is enhanced.

Programmed programmable device and method for programming antifuses of a

A logic circuit is implemented on a macrocell of a field programmable device using select sets of a logic function which represents a transformation of the one or more input signals of the logic circuit to the output signal of the logic circuit. Select sets of a logic function are determined (i) by grouping input signals which correspond to equal co-factors of the logic function or (ii) by grouping input signals such that one input signal of a group never appears in a term of the logic function in a greedy phase-minimized RMF canonical form without all other input signals of the group. The logic circuit is implemented on a macrocell which includes a circuit element which selects one of two or more input signals according to one or more select signals, each of which is driven by a respective logic gate. Examples of such circuit elements include multiplexers and random access memory (RAM). The logic circuit is implemented by placing on input lines of a logic gate driving a select line the input signals or the complement of the input signals of a select set.

Select set-based technology mapping method and apparatus

A method for reducing the resistance of a programing path through a programmable antifuse from a programming voltage to ground. A previously programmed helper antifuse connected somewhere along a two branch programming path is connected to either the programming voltage or to ground. As a result, a three branch programming path is established from the programming voltage to the antifuse to be programmed and from the antifuse to be programmed to ground. By adding the third branch to the programming path, the resistance of the programming path is reduced, thereby allowing a higher voltage to be dropped across the antifuse to be programmed during programming and thereby allowing increased current flow through the antifuse to be programmed during programming. In another embodiment, two or more helper antifuses are used to establish a four or more branch programming path having a still lower resistance from the programming voltage to ground. In yet another embodiment, the programming of antifuses occurs in two steps. First, multiple antifuses are partially programmed separately. Second, these partially programmed antifuses are connected together in series so that a programming current can flow through all of the partially programmed antifuses at once to complete programming of the multiple antifuses.

Field programmable antifuse device and programming method therefor

A field programmable gate array includes a programmable routing network, a programmable configuration network integrated with the programmable routing network; and a plurality of logic cells ('modules') integrated with the programmable configuration network. Each logic cell is a powerful general purpose universal logic building block. Each logic cell consists essentially of four two-input AND gates, one or two six-input AND gates, three multiplexers, and a D-type flipflop.

Programmable application specific integrated circuit and logic cell

A method for reducing the resistance of a programming path through a programmable antifuse from a programming voltage to ground. A previously programmed helper antifuse connected somewhere along a two branch programming path is connected to either the programming voltage or to ground. As a result, a three branch programming path is established from the programming voltage to the antifuse to be programmed and from the antifuse to be programmed to ground. By adding the third branch to the programming path, the resistance of the programming path is reduced, thereby allowing a higher voltage to be dropped across the antifuse to be programmed during programming and thereby allowing increased current flow through the antifuse to be programmed during programming. In another embodiment, two or more helper antifuses are used to establish a four or more branch programming path having a still lower resistance from the programming voltage to ground. In yet another embodiment, the programming of antifuses occurs in two steps. First, multiple antifuses are partially programmed separately. Second, these partially programmed antifuses are connected together in series so that a programming current can flow through all of the partially programmed antifuses at once to complete programming of the multiple antifuses.

Growing community of inventors

Milpitas, CA, United States of America

William D Cox