Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft

Other

Wilhelm Vogt

Hermann Glaser

Eitel Goedicke

Jurgen Koch

Hubert Neumaier

Erhard Jagers

Joachim Kandler

Gerhard Mietens

Karl Merkenich

Eberhard Auer

Erich Schallus

Klaus Henning

Richard Schuller

Ju/ Rgen Koch

Gunther Lenz

G/u/ Nter Lenz

Kurt Sennewald

Helmut Dyrschka

Gunter Lenz

Gunter Peantek

A carrier-supported catalyst is made by applying one or more non-noble metal and noble metal components on to a ceramic honeycomb structure coated with a layer of a heat-resistant metal oxide. To this end, the ceramic honeycomb structure is dipped at least once into an aqueous suspension of pseudoboehmite and zirconium oxide hydrate, the honeycomb structure so treated is dried at temperatures of up to 250.degree. C. and calcined at temperatures of up to 1000.degree. C.; next, the honeycomb structure is impregnated with an aqueous solution of at least one iron salt, and, if desired, nickel and cerium salts, dried at temperatures of up to 250.degree. C. and annealed at temperatures of up to 600.degree. C.; next, the honeycomb structure is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing at least one soluble compound of platinum, rhodium or palladium, and, if desired cerium, one of the solutions under (b) or (c) being required to contain cerium; the honeycomb structure so treated is ultimately dried at temperatures of up to 250.degree. C. and annealed at temperatures of up to 600.degree. C.

Process for making a carrier-supported catalyst

A carrier-supported catalyst is prepared by applying a noble metal on to a ceramic honeycomb structure coated with an aluminum oxide layer. To this end, the ceramic honeycomb structure is impregnated with an aqueous solution containing nitrilotriacetic acid or ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid, ammonia and at least one noble metal compound.

A carrier-supported catalyst is made by impregnating a ceramic honeycomb structure having a layer of a heat resistant metal oxide applied to it with the aqueous solution of at least one metal selected from platinum, rhodium and palladium, drying the impregnated honeycomb structure and annealing it. More particularly a drying gas regularly distributed across the entire cross-sectional area of the impregnated honeycomb structure is passed therethrough at 20.degree. to 400.degree. C. The temperature and quantity of drying gas are selected so that water ceases to be evaporated from the impregnated honeycomb structure after 30 to 300 seconds and the dried impregnated honeycomb structure is heat-treated over a period of 1 to 3 hours at temperatures up to 1000.degree. C.

The disclosure relates to a process for making acetic anhydride by reacting methyl acetate and/or dimethylether with carbon monoxide, which may be used in admixture with up to 30 volume % hydrogen, under practically anhydrous conditions at temperatures of 390.degree. to 540.degree. K., under pressures of 1 to 300 bars in the presence of a catalyst system containing nickel or nickel compounds, iodine and/or its compounds as well as a tertiary or quaternary organic nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony compound. More particularly a catalyst system is used which contains vanadium or niobium or a compound thereof as an additional constituent.

Process for making acetic anhydride

The disclosure relates to a process for making acetic anhydride wherein methyl acetate and/or dimethylether (is) are reacted with carbon monoxide under practically anhydrous conditions at temperatures of 390.degree. to 540.degree. K., under pressures of 1 to 300 bars in the presence of a catalyst system comprised of noble metals belonging to group VIII of the Periodic System of the elements or their compounds, iodine and/or its compounds and a tertiary or quaternary organic nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony compound. More particularly, use is made of a catalyst system containing vanadium or niobium or their compounds as additional constituents, the catalyst system being used in combination with reaction gas containing carbon monoxide and 5 to 30 volume % hydrogen.

The disclosure relates to a process for making acetic anhydride by reacting methyl acetate and/or dimethylether with carbon monoxide, if desired in admixture with up to 20 volume % hydrogen, under practically anhydrous conditions at temperatures of 120.degree. to 270.degree. C., under pressures of 1 to 500 bars in the presence of a catalyst system containing nickel or a nickel compound, an organic iodine or bromine compound as well as a tertiary or quaternary organic phosphorus compound. More particularly, a catalyst system containing a titanium or zirconium compound as an additional constituent is used.

The disclosure relates to a process for making catalytically active aluminosilicates from glasses by hydrothermal cristallization. The hydrothermal cristallization is more particularly effected in the presence of an aqueous solution of an inorganic alkali metal compound producing an alkaline reaction but in the absence of an amine. Useful alkali metal compounds comprise alkali metal carbonate, water glass, alkali metal hydroxide or alkali metal phosphate. The catalytically active aluminosilicates can be used for dehydrating alcohols, ethers and other oxygen-containing organic compounds with formation of hydrocarbons, or for isomerizing or alkylating hydrocarbons.

Process for making catalytically active aluminosilicates and their uses

The disclosure relates to a process for making C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 -olefins from gas mixtures containing methanol, dimethylether and optionally steam in the presence of catalysts at temperatures of 250.degree. to 500.degree. C. under pressure of 0.1 to 6 bars, unreacted feed material being recycled. To this end, the disclosure provides for a mixture containing methanol and water in a ratio by volume of 1:(0 up to 2) to be evaporated and reacted in a reactor having the catalyst placed therein; for the reaction gases to be partially condensed by cooling them and separated, in a separator, into three phases; for the oil phase consisting of higher aliphates and aromates to be removed and for the remaining aqueous phase and gas phase to be water-scrubbed in a scrubbing column under pressures of 1 to 40 bars; for a gaseous hydrocarbon mixture containing predominantly C.sub.2 to C.sub.4 -olefins to be removed overhead and separated into its components; for an aqueous phase containing unreacted methanol and intermediarily formed dimethylether to be removed from the base portion of the scrubbing column; for the methanol and dimethylether to be distilled off in a stripping column and recycled into the reactor; and for the water to be removed from the base portion of the stripping column.

Process for mixing olefins

The invention relates to a process for making ethylene by subjecting a gas mixture containing hydrocarbons, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and steam to a hydropyrolysis reaction. More particularly, the gas mixture is heated to temperatures higher than 800.degree. C. inside a reaction zone having metal walls. The walls contain aluminum and/or copper in at least their surface portions.

Production of ethylene

Catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide by means of hydrogen so as to obtain a mixture consisting substantially of C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydrocarbons. The catalyst is made by precipitating a salt of a hydrocyanic acid of the general formula Me.sub.I Me.sub.II (CN).sub.x, separating and drying the salt so precipitated and forming it. In the formula, the cationic component Me I stands for at least one of the elements Ce, Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ag and K or a mixture of these elements, or for Ca or Mg in admixture with (NH).sub.4 ; the anionic component Me.sub.II stands for at least one of the elements Cu, Co, Ni, Fe, Mn, Zn and Ag or a mixture of these elements; and x stands for the sum of the metal valencies; Me.sub.I and Me.sub.II are not permitted to stand for iron alone, or for a mixture of iron with copper.

Catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide with hydrogen

Reduction of carbon monoxide by means of hydrogen with the resultant formation of a mixture of hydrocarbons having substantially from 1 to 4 carbon atoms in contact with a catalyst containing iron or a mixture of iron and copper as its catalytically active ingredient, the catalyst being made by contacting one or more complex salts of the following general formula:

Catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide

A catalyst containing iron or a mixture of iron with copper as its active ingredient, made by precipitating a complex salt of the general formula:

Process for preparing a catalyst for reducing carbon monoxide

The invention provides a carrier-supported catalyst, wherein alumina partially converted to .alpha.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is the carrier having between 0.2 and 10 weight % of cerium in oxide form deposited thereon as the catalytically active ingredient. The carrier supported catalyst is made by compressing hydrous alumina or unstable anhydrous alumina into shapes. The shapes are annealed for 10-20 hours at 1000.degree.-1250.degree. C. The annealed shapes are impregnated with an aqueous solution of a cerium salt of a readily decomposable acid and dried at 130.degree.-150.degree. C. The dry cerium salt is decomposed by gradually heating the shapes at 20.degree.-300.degree. C and 450.degree.-550.degree. C, respectively, and the resulting cerium oxide-containing shapes are annealed at 700.degree.-900.degree. C.

Carrier-supported catalyst

Builders for detergent and cleaning compositions. The builders comprise copolymers made from .alpha.-hydroxyacrylic acid and acrylic acid. The copolymers contain between 9 and 85 mol % of acrylic acid and have a relative viscosity within the range 0.05 and 1.0, determined on a 1 weight % solution of the copolymers in aqueous 2N-sodium hydroxide solution, at 20.degree. C.

Builders for detergent and cleaning compositions

Production of alkali metal salts of amino polycarboxylic acids by reaction of a suitable carboxylic acid nitrile with aqueous alkali at elevated temperature. The salts are produced from an amino polycarboxylic acid nitrile suspension in an aqueous alkali metal hydroxide solution, which has a minimum strength of substantially 30 % by weight and contains at least stoichiometric proportions of alkali metal hydroxide; the suspension is introduced into a reactor heated to a temperature between 60.degree. and 150.degree. C, and salt formation is effected by thorough agitation.

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Hurth, Germany

Wilhelm Vogt