Endress U. Hauser Gmbh U. Co.

Endress+hauser Gmbh+co.

Wilfried Sartorius

Don J Stock

Method and apparatus for pulse spacing measurement with periodic pulse pairs, in particular in pulse radar, by measuring the time interval between the instants of the coincidence of a pulse edge with a trigger level which is set in a predetermined ratio to the peak value of the pulse, characterized in that the pulse pairs are sampled by the sampling method with the aid of sampling pulses whose recurrence period is smaller by a predetermined small time difference than the recurrence period of the pulse pairs, that for each time-transformed pulse obtained by the sampling the peak value is determined and a trigger level having a predetermined ratio to the peak value is set, and that the time interval between the instants of the coincidence of the trailing pulse edge of each time-transformed pulse and the associated trigger level is measured.

Method and arrangement for pulse spacing measurement

A method and a circuit arrangement for time stabilization of scanning pulses for the stroboscopic sampling of periodically recurring signals. Stroboscopic sampling is performed by means of scanning pulses having a repetition period slightly different from the period of the recurring signals to be scanned. The signals to be scanned are transmitted over a transmission line in which a measuring section of known length is defined by the distance between two tapping points to each of which a sampling circuit is connected. The signals transmitted over the transmission line are sampled stroboscopically by means of the scanning pulses whereby time-transformed signals are obtained. These time-transformed signals are separated by a time interval corresponding to the transit time of the signals in the measuring section multiplied by the time-transformation factor. The number of scans occurring in this time-interval is counted and compared with a given desired number; if there is a difference between the two compared numbers, the scanning pulse period is changed so as to eliminate this difference. In an alternative embodiment, the measuring section is defined by a transmission line section of different characteristic impedance, and the recurrent signals are sampled at a single tapping point ahead of this transmission line section; in this case the time-interval corresponding to the transit time is determined by means of the reflexions occurring at the impedance breaks.

Method of and apparatus for time-stabilization of sampling pulses

A pulse width measuring apparatus including a threshold-level trigger, which receives the pulses to be measured and a threshold voltage. At the instant at which the pulse voltage exceeds the threshold voltage the threshold-level trigger starts a time-measuring device which is arrested at the end of each pulse, so that the measured time indicates the pulse width. The threshold voltage is supplied by the tapping of a voltage divider which is connected to the output of a sample and hold circuit that is triggered after the end of the rising flank of each pulse to sample and store the value of the pulse amplitude. According to a preferred embodiment, a similar arrangement is provided for arresting the time-measuring device when the pulse voltage falls below a second threshold voltage.

Circuit arrangement for measuring pulse widths

High frequency transformer built from coaxial conductor sections, wherein a pair of coaxial conductor sections of equal length have external conductors which are insulated from each other. The input end of the external conductor of the first coaxial conductor section is connected with the input end of the internal conductor of the second coaxial conductor section and both of the unconnected input end internal and external conductors form input connections. The output end of the internal conductor of the first coaxial conductor section is connected with the output end of the external conductor of the second coaxial conductor section and both of the unconnected output end internal and external conductors form output connections.

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Steinen, Germany

Wilfried Sartorius