Man Gutehoffnungshutte Aktiengesellschaft

Man Gutehoffnungshutte

Man Gutehoffnungshuette Gmbh

Man Turbomaschinen Ag Ghh Borsig

Ghh Borsig Turbomaschinen Gmbh

Man Diesel & Turbo Se

Man Turbo Ag

Wilfried Blotenberg

Ulrich Gebhardt

Bernard Gebhardt

A turbomachine has a first process control element, a second process control element, and a test system for testing the first process control element. The first process control element and the second process control element influence the same process variable. To test the first process control element, the test system changes the process variable by means of the second process control element. This change in the process variable caused by the second process control element is compensated again by means of the first process control element.

Device and method for performing a functional test on a control element of a turbo engine

A process for the reliable operation of turbocompressors with a surge limit control and a surge limit control valve is described, in which the compressor delivers gases with different compositions and the composition of the gas (molecular weight) affects the performance characteristic of the turbocompressor and hence the position of the surge limit in the performance characteristic. The different compositions of the gases are compensated here with the effect on the position of the surge limit and consequently on the position of the surge limit control line by using predetermined design values for the gas constant R, the isentropic exponent k and the compressibility number z within the surge limit control for the determination of the delivery head &#x394;h and the volume flow V and plotting them in the form of a predetermined surge limit line (FIG., FIG.), wherein the set point and the actual value are determined for the surge limit control from the graph, and the compressor is operated with the set points and actual values determined for the surge limit control with a minimally necessary distance from the surge limit.

Process for the reliable operation of turbocompressors with surge limit control and surge limit control valve

To prevent surge of a turbocompressor (K), a anti-surge valve ( ) provided at the compressor outlet is controlled by a controller (R). The input signal for the controller (R) is generated as a function of the instantaneous flow and the end pressure of the compressor (K) such that the controller responds more slowly to working point shifts in the direction of the surge limit line and more rapidly to working point shifts in the opposite direction. This is achieved by arranging an asymmetric time element or a gradient sensor in the circuit generating the input signal for the controller (R).

Process and device for regulating a turbocompressor to prevent surge

To protect a turbocompressor ( ) with a downstream process from operation in the unstable working range, a machine controller is used, which optionally contains&mdash;besides a surge limit controller ( )&mdash;an intake pressure controller ( ), an end pressure controller ( ) and a bypass controller ( ). A control matrix is determined from the position of a control unit (fuel gas control valve ) determining the flow to the process, optionally taking into account additional influencing variables such as the compressor intake pressure and the compressor discharge pressure. The necessary position of the surge limit control valve ( ) as well as of the bypass valve ( ), of the intake pressure control valve ( ) and of the actuating drive ( ) for the compressor inlet vanes ( ) is determined directly on the basis of the control matrix during a rapid transient change in the working position, and this actuating variable is directly superimposed as a manipulated variable to the surge limit control valve ( ), the intake pressure controller ( ), the end pressure controller ( ) and the bypass controller ( ).

Process for protecting a turbocompressor from operating in the unstable working range

A compressor, especially for compressing the fuel gas for a gas turbine, is controlled by a throttling member (,) arranged on the intake side of the compressor as a function of the gas consumption of the user (,) such that the flow cross section is reduced during a reduction in gas consumption. The intake-side throttling member may be additionally controlled as a function of the pressure on the intake side of the compressor. Additional control circuits, especially an end pressure controller (,), which maintains the end pressure by acting on the guide vanes or on the speed of rotation of the compressor, and/or a pump surge limiter (,), which acts on a blow-by valve (,) connecting the outlet side to the intake side of the compressor (,), may be additionally present.

Process for operating a compressor with a downstream user, and unit operating according to this process

The present invention pertains to a method/process and system for parameterizing, structuring and programming control and regulating systems for pieces of machinery, especially turbines and compressors as well as drive units thereof, wherein these are connected to a control and regulating system via feedbacks and control lines. These control lines transmit measured values from the piece of machinery to the control and regulating system via measuring transducers. These control lines transmit adjustment commands from the control and regulating system to actuating drives of the piece of machinery. A first or local programming device is connected to the control and regulating system via a programming line. A monitor is provided for displaying the operating data and programs, as well as a keyboard for entering control commands and programming instructions are connected to the said first programming device. A second or remote programming device, located in a central control station or development laboratory and likewise equipped with a monitor and a keyboard, is connected to the first programming device via a long-distance data line. This long-distance data line may be a public telephone line, a wireless mobile telephone connection, a satellite connection, or a terrestrial radio connection.

Process for the remote-controlled start-up of machinery, especially compressors and turbines

A process for operating multistage turbocompressors (2, 22, 42) with a plurality of controllers (15, 35, 55) which interact one with each other, in which each compressor stage has anti-surge control valves (5, 25, 45) of its own, which recycle into the suction lines (1, 21, 41) of their respective own compressor stage (2, 22, 42). The control is performed by flow computers (6,26,46) for calculating the suction flow and computers (7,27,47) for determining the minimum acceptable flow from the delivery head. A comparison unit (12, 32, 52) determines the difference between the set point (derived from delivery head) minus the actual value (flow) and whenever the actual value is too low compared with the set point, it brings about a gradual opening of the corresponding surge line control valves (5, 25 and 45) until the actual flow exactly corresponds to the flow set point, which depends on the particular delivery head. The control takes place via a maximum selection (14, 34, 54), which is arranged upstream of the anti-surge controller (15, 35, 55) with the signal lines (16, 36, 56) to the surge line control valve (5, 25, 45).

Method and device for operating turbocompressors with a plurality of

A process for regulating gas pressures of a regenerator with a gas expansion turbine in a flue gas line with a generator, wherein a process regulator opens the inlet valves of a gas expansion turbine and/or the bypass valves or throttles the bypass valves, doing so once with operation and once without operation of the gas expansion turbine. The process regulator is followed by a plurality of function generators, which preset the correcting variables for the downstream valves and in which a first function course of the function generators for operation of the gas expansion turbine and a second function course of the function generators for operation without gas expansion turbine are stored. A quick-acting valve of the inlet valves is acted upon by the speed regulator and it is active only at the time of the start-up of the gas expansion turbine until synchronization of the generator.

Process for regulating gas pressures of catalyst regenerator expansion

A process and a device for avoiding regulator instabilities in surge limit regulators for protecting a turbocompressor from surging if a high proportional gain is selected for the surge limit regulator by a blow-off via a blow-off valve. The control of the velocity of closing of the blow-off valve over time is performed by a gradient limiter of asymmetric design, wherein no velocity limitation acts in the opening direction, but a freely parameterizable velocity limitation of the closing process of the blow-off valve is provided in the closing direction. The gradient limiter is inserted between the surge limit regulator, which receives the control signals on the actual value of flow and the desired value of flow from a subtracter, and the control line for a pneumatic or hydraulic operating device of the blow-off valve.

Process and device for operating dynamic-type compressors with

A process and to a device for protecting a turbocompressor from operating in the unstable working range by means of a blow-off device, wherein a control parameter is determined from measured values for the compressor flow, the compressor final pressure and the temperature measurement, as well as from preset or presettable desired values, and controlled opening of the blow-off fittings is performed by a pump surge limiter by means of a pneumatic actuating device each on the basis of the said control parameter. The measured values for the temperature, flow and pressure entered into the pump surge limiter are coupled with a dynamic blow-off line. The blow-off fittings are operated in sequence, and the control signals for the quick opening of the blow-off fittings are first sent to a small blow-off fitting, and then to a large blow-off fitting after the opening of the small blow-off fitting. In cooperation with the dynamic blow-off line, the pump surge limiter provides for continuous control, i.e., a continuous adjustment of the blow-off fittings as a function of the location of the working point in the characteristic diagram of the turbocompressor.

Process for protecting a turbocompressor from operation in the unstable

Method of optimizing the operation of two or more compressors in parallel or in series. Known methods of this type assume that the compressors are similar and attempt to optimize their operation by balancing the outputs of or the loads on the individual compressors. Although this approach is satisfactory within its limitations, it cannot be employed with compressors that are dissimilar. The new method is intended to ensure economically optimized operation of two or more similar or dissimilar compressors in parallel or in series. The new method is essentially characterized in that the operating points of each pair of compressors are mutually and incrementally displaced without affecting the total operation parameters. The affect of the displacement on the total constraint is monitored. When the variation is occurring in the direction of optimization, it is continued in the same direction. Otherwise, the pressure that the operating points are displaced in is reversed. The procedure gradually shifts the compressors over to the optimal combination of operating points. The new method can be employed to operate any type of compressor in parallel or in series in many technical fields--the chemical industry, the iron-and-steel industry, etc.

Method of optimizing the operation of two or more compressors in

A digital arrangement for controlling a gas or steam turbine in which operating parameters of the turbine are sensed at a regular rate. Control parameters are then calculated from the operating parameters by at least one control and regulating program with predetermined reference values. The turbine is controlled and monitored in operation, in accordance with the calculated control parameters for the purpose of safeguarding against excess speed or surging. At least two computer systems are operated in parallel and at different speeds, and communications prevail between these two computer systems. The first of the computer systems is operated at a substantially rapid rate and with a limited supply of commands, together with an individual control and regulating program having a set of reference values. The second computer system is operated at a slower rate than the first computer system and with a greater supply of commands. The second computer system is operated with a plurality of control and regulating approaches and sets of reference values. Predetermined operating parameters are acquired by the first computer system for calculating control parameters and transmitting the calculated control parameters to the turbine. A new control and regulating program is selected by the second computer system when operation of the turbine is changed.

Digital method of controlling and regulating a turbine that has gas or

An anti-surge control of a turbocompressor includes a controller which controls the progressive opening or closing of a blow-off valve as a function of the working point location relative to a blow-off line defined in the characteristic field. A quick opening of the blow-off valve upon the occurrence of a close approach to surge is effective by applying a correction signal to the integral section of the controller.

Device for control of a turbocompressor

A method for preventing surges in a turbocompressor which supplies downstream processor with a gaseous medium by regulating a blow-off valve. The compressor volumetric intake flow is continuously measured, as is the compressor outlet pressure. A first minimum is designated to the compressor volumetric intake flow, and this minimum is dependent on the compressor outlet pressure. The blow-off valve is opened to ensure that the volumetric intake flow of the compressor remains above a surge limit when the intake flow drops to or below the first minimum and to a value that is still permissible and above the surge limit. The flow to the processor downstream is measured separately and in vicinity of the processor intake. The blow-off valve is also opened when the flow to the processor drops below a permissible second mininum value. The compressor intake flow is measured in vicinity of the compressor intake, whereas the flow to the processor is measured separately in vicinity of the processor intake. Each measuring location detects first any operating disturbances that originate at the respective location, so that the disturbances are detected quickly independent of the location where they originate.

Method of preventing surge in a turbocompressor by regulating blow-off

A regulating method for preventing surges in turbo-compressors, in which the compressor flow and forwarding pressure are continuously measured. The compressor operating point is defined by the compressor flow and the forwarding pressure. Surges are prevented by regulating the opening of at least one blow-off valve by a regulator with an adjustment parameter when the operating point has arrived at a blow-off curve that parallels a surge limit, but before the operating point arrives at the surge limit. The adjustment parameter is returned to an actual state of the blow-off valve by a readjustment circuit when a difference exceeding a predetermined threshold occurs betwen the actual state of the blow-off valve and the adjustment parameter of the regulator.

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Dinslaken, Germany

Wilfried Blotenberg