Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc.

Toyota Motor Corporation

Georgia Tech Research Corporation

Sandia Corporation

Toyota Technical Center, U.s.a., Inc.

University De Montreal

Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique

Case Western Reserve University

T/j Technologies, Inc.

Sandia Corporation, Operator of Sandia National Laboratories

Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Wen Li

Meilin Liu

Siwen Li

John Muldoon

John A Shelnutt

Yujiang Song

James E Miller

Yutaka Oyama

Craig J Medforth

Tetsuo Kawamura

Gerald Perron

Masaki Matsui

Yukiyoshi Ueno

Zhen Zhou

Kazuo Kawahara

Michael A Hickner

Keiichi Kohama

Qunhui Sun

Junzo Ukai

Tochi Tudor Nwoga

Pu Zhang

Tetsuo Nagami

Peter N Pintauro

Takehito Yokoo

Hiroaki Takahashi

Monique Nathalie Richard

Liya Wang

Shoji Yokoishi

Kimber Lee Stamm

John M Miller

Suresh Mani

Ryszard J Wycisk

Jun Lin

Junqing Ma

Kohei Hase

Michel B Armand

Shih-Chieh Yin

Brian Glomski

Hiroshi Hamaguchi

Kohai Hase

Akira Tsujiko

Chris Silkowski

Yuelan Zhang

Hiroaki Awano

Michael B Armand

Hiroki Awano

Masatsugu Nakanishi

Toshiya Saito

A dual-battery fuel cell system is provided, including two supplemental batteries, each battery supporting/supplementing operation of a fuel cell stack in the system. Driving conditions associated with a fuel cell vehicle can be obtained. Based on the driving conditions, power sources of the fuel cell vehicle to provide power to fuel cell vehicle system can be determined, the power sources comprising the fuel cell stack and the two supplemental batteries. Operating conditions of each of the power sources can be assessed, and one or more of the power sources can be controlled to deliver power to the fuel cell vehicle system based on the operating conditions of each of the power sources.

Dual battery fuel cell system

The invention relates to methods of preparing metal particles on a support material, including platinum-containing nanoparticles on a carbon support. Such materials can be used as electrocatalysts, for example as improved electrocatalysts in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEM-FCs).

Photocatalytic methods for preparation of electrocatalyst materials

Embodiment of the present invention relate to dendrimers useful for application as catalysts, in particular as improved electrocatalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEM-FCs). Methods of preparing such catalysts are described. Examples include dendritic nanostructured metal catalysts, such as platinum and platinum-alloy catalysts.

Dendritic metal nanostructures for fuel cells and other applications

The invention relates to methods of preparing metal particles on a support material, including platinum-containing nanoparticles on a carbon support. Such materials can be used as electrocatalysts, for example as improved electrocatalysts in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEM-FCs).

A proton exchange membrane comprises a hybrid inorganic-organic polymer that includes implanted metal cations. Acid groups are bound to the hybrid inorganic-organic polymer through an interaction with the implanted metal cations. An example process for manufacturing a proton exchange membrane includes sol-gel polymerization of silane precursors in a medium containing the metal cations, followed by exposure of the metal-implanted hybrid inorganic-organic polymer to an acid compound.

Proton exchange membranes (PEM) based on hybrid inorganic-organic copolymers with grafted phosphoric acid groups and implanted metal cations

Improved polymer-based materials are described, for example for use as an electrode binder in a fuel cell. A fuel cell according to an example of the present invention comprises a first electrode including a catalyst and an electrode binder, a second electrode, and an electrolyte located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte may be a proton-exchange membrane (PEM). The electrode binder includes one or more polymers, such as a polyphosphazene.

Electrolytes to enhance oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in the cathode layer of PEM fuel cell

A proton conducting polymer includes a polymer backbone and a heterocyclic compound attached to the polymer backbone. The heterocyclic compound includes a sulfonyl functionality bonded to heterocyclic compound.

Sulfonyl grafted heterocycle materials for proton conducting electrolytes

A lithium-ion battery comprises a negative electrode, a positive electrode, and an electrolyte including a molten salt. The positive electrode comprises an electroactive compound including phosphorus, oxygen, lithium, and at least one other metal or semi-metal. The combination of such electrode compositions and a molten salt electrolyte provides a battery with very high thermal stability. Other ions, such as alkal metal ions, may be used in place of lithium ions for applications in other battery technologies.

Battery with molten salt electrolyte and phosphorus-containing cathode

A composition of matter is formed from a graftable polymer, having graftable sites onto which sidechains have been grafted. The sidechains include at least one silane group, and may be formed by polymerization of a polymerizable group of a silane precursor. These compositions may further include acid groups, and may be used, for example, in improved proton conducting materials in fuel cells. 

Hybrid inorganic-organic polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) based on alkyloxysilane grafted thermoplastic polymers

A composition of matter comprises a polymer network, including silicon atoms and oxygen atoms, a first organic side-chain attached to at least some silicon atoms within the polymer network comprising a flexible linking group and a terminal group, the terminal group including at least one atom providing a lone pair of electrons. The composition of matter can be used to form a proton-conducting membrane. In illustrative examples, the polymer network can be an organic-inorganic hybrid network and the terminal group can includes a nitrogen-containing heterocycle. 

Polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) based on imidazole ring terminated flexible branches grafted on hybrid inorganic-organic polymers

An anode material with lithium-alloying particles contained within a porous support matrix is provided. The porous support matrix preferably has a porosity of between 5 and 80% afforded by porosity channels and expansion accommodation pores, and is electrically conductive. More preferably the support matrix has a porosity of between 10 and 50%. The support matrix is made from an organic polymer, an inorganic ceramic or a hybrid mixture of organic polymer and inorganic ceramic. The organic polymer support matrix and can be made from a rod-coil polymer, a hyperbranched polymer, UV cross-linked polymer, heat cross-linked polymer or combination thereof. An inorganic ceramic support matrix can be made from at least one group IV-VI transition metal compound, with the compound being a nitride, carbide, oxide or combination thereof. The lithium-alloying particles are preferably nanoparticles with a mean linear dimension of between 5 and 500 nanometers, and more preferably have a mean linear dimension of between 5 and 50 nanometers.

High performance anode material for lithium-ion battery

A process for making an ion-conducting polymer comprises cross-linking polymers having functional groups such as alkyne groups and azide groups. An example ion-conducting polymer has cross-links including nitrogen-containing heterocycles formed by the reaction between the functional groups, such as 1,2,3-triazole groups formed by a cycloaddition reaction between alkyne and azide groups. The ion-conducting polymer may be used in an ion-electrolyte membrane. Examples include a proton-electrolyte membrane useful for fuel cells.

Proton exchange membranes using cycloaddition reaction between azide and alkyne containing components

Polymers, polymer precursors, and other materials are described, having at least one heterocycle and being useful for fabrication of proton-exchange membranes (PEMs). In representative examples, the heterocycle is a fluorinated imidazole ring. The heterocycle can be chosen to have a low value of pKa, and may be a triazole ring, other nitrogen-containing heterocycle, or derivative thereof. Polymers and composites were prepared having excellent proton conductivity. Applications of these materials include fuel cells and other ion-conducting applications.

Heterocycle grafted monomers and related polymers and hybrid inorganic-organic polymer membranes

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Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America

Wen Li