Bayspec, Inc.

Biospex, Inc.

Applied Materials, Inc.

Wei Yang

Shu Zhang

Li Chen

Ming Chai

Changqing Wang

Charlie Zhang

Zhenyou Wang

Vijay D Parkhe

Umesh M Kelkar

Nety M Krishna

Nitin Khurana

Marc O Schweitzer

Nalin Patadia

Leyun Zhu

Ashok K Das

Jiani Huang

Dejin Yu

Diana Liu

William Yu

Scot Petitt

Chad Lieber

Miao Yang

Clint Periaki

Patrick Yang

Methods and systems for spectroscopy are provided. Exemplary methods include: illuminating, with a tunable laser, an analyte with first light; detecting, with a filtered sensor, a first Raman signal; illuminating, with the tunable laser, the analyte using second light; detecting, with the filtered sensor, a second Raman signal, the second Raman signal being shifted from the first Raman signal by a second predetermined increment; illuminating, with the tunable laser, the analyte using third light; detecting, with the filtered sensor, a third Raman signal, the third Raman signal being shifted from the second Raman signal by the second predetermined increment; constructing a Raman spectrum using the first Raman signal, the second Raman signal, and the third Raman signal; and determining at least one molecule of the analyte using the Raman spectrum and a database of predetermined Raman spectra.

Wearable spectroscopy using filtered sensor

Systems and methods for reducing fluorescence and systematic noise in time-gated spectroscopy are disclosed. Exemplary methods include: a method for reducing fluorescence and systematic noise in time-gated spectroscopy may comprise: providing first light using an excitation light source; receiving, by a detector, first scattered light from a material responsive to the first light during a first time window; detecting a peak intensity of the first scattered light; receiving, by the detector, second scattered light from the material responsive to the first light during a second time window; detecting a peak intensity of the second scattered light; recovering a spectrum of the material by taking a ratio of the peak intensity of the first scattered light and the peak intensity of the second scattered light; and identifying at least one molecule of the material using the recovered spectrum and a database of identified spectra.

Advanced fluorescence and systemic noise reduction in time-gated spectroscopy

Systems for spectroscopy are provided. Exemplary systems include: an enclosure; a tunable laser disposed in the enclosure; an opening on a surface of the enclosure; a beam splitter disposed in the enclosure, the beam splitter being optically coupled to the tunable laser and the opening; a sensor, a sensing surface of the sensor having a filter disposed thereon; and electronics coupled to the tunable laser and the sensor, the electronics including a processor, memory, and a battery.

Wearable spectrometer with filtered sensor

Systems and methods for hybrid time-resolved and time-shifted spectroscopy for measuring biological analytes are disclosed. Exemplary methods include: illuminating an analyte using first light from and excitation source, the first light having a first excitation wavelength; detecting a first spectrum from the analyte illuminated by the first light using a time-resolved spectroscopy technique, the first spectrum including a first Raman signal and fluorescence; illuminating the analyte using second light, the second light having a second excitation wavelength; detecting a second spectrum using a time-resolved spectroscopy technique; illuminating the analyte using third light, the third light having a third excitation wavelength; detecting a third spectrum; recovering the first Raman signal using the first spectrum, the second spectrum, and the third spectrum using an inverse transform; and using the first Raman signal to identify and measure at least one molecule of the analyte using a database of identified Raman signals.

Hybrid time-resolved and time-shifted spectroscopy for measuring biological analytes

Systems and methods for spatial optimization of blood measurements in tissue are disclosed. Exemplary methods include: measuring a first Raman signal from the tissue with a probe at a first position; calculating a first percentage of a blood component in the first Raman signal; moving the probe a predetermined distance to a second position; measuring a second Raman signal with the probe at the second position; calculating a second percentage of the blood component in the second Raman signal; moving the probe the predetermined distance to a third position when the second percentage is greater than the first percentage; measuring a third Raman signal with the probe at the third position; calculating a third percentage of the blood component in the third Raman signal; moving the probe to the second position when the third percentage is less than the second percentage; and taking spectral measurements from the second position.

Spatial optimization for measuring biological analytes

Fluorescence and systemic noise reduction in time-gated spectroscopy

Systems and methods for adjusting for non-invasive measurement of biological analytes. Exemplary methods include: illuminating an analyte using first light, the first light having a first excitation wavelength; detecting a first spectrum from the analyte illuminated by the first light, the first spectrum including a first Raman signal and fluorescence; illuminating the analyte using second light, the second light having a second excitation wavelength; detecting a second spectrum; illuminating the analyte using third light, the third light having a third excitation wavelength; detecting a third spectrum; recovering the first Raman signal using the first spectrum, the second spectrum, and the third spectrum using an inverse transform; and using the first Raman signal to identify and measure at least one molecule of the analyte using a database of identified Raman signals.

Non-invasive measurement of biological analytes

Raman spectrometers are provided that illuminate a sample with two or more different beams of light, each characterized by a different primary frequency. Scattered light from the sample is separated into multiple Raman spectra, one for each primary frequency. The multiple Raman spectra can be evaluated individually, or they can be added together to form a composite spectrum that is then evaluated.

Raman spectroscopy using multiple excitation wavelengths

A spectrograph having multiple excitation wavelength ranges is disclosed. The spectrograph can include a wavelength switching mechanism to switch between different wavelength ranges in accordance with the wavelength of an incoming light signal. The wavelength switching mechanism can include multiple optical assemblies (or elements) corresponding to the different wavelength ranges for processing the incoming light signal. The mechanism can also include a switching component for switching the optical assemblies to align the appropriate assembly with the incoming light signal. Each optical assembly can include one or more transmission gratings to disperse the incoming light signal into multiple wavelengths within a particular wavelength range and a reflecting mirror proximate to the grating(s) to reflect the wavelengths of light back through the grating(s) to photodetectors for measuring to wavelengths to generate a light spectrum. The spectrograph can be used in Raman spectroscopy.

Spectrograph having multiple wavelength ranges for high resolution raman spectroscopy

An optical device for conditioning a multi-channel optical signal is provided, comprising a channel separation and assembly unit and a signal processor. The signal processor comprises an optical attenuator for adjusting the power level of the signals, an optical detector for detecting the power level associated with each of the multiple channels, a reflective medium disposed between the optical attenuator and detector, and a microprocessor-based controller in electrical communication with the attenuator and detector for dynamically controlling the power distribution of the output signal.

Microprocessor-based optical signal conditioner

A process for forming an integrated optical device in a substrate, comprising the steps of: providing a substrate having a base index of refraction; providing a UV light beam; focusing the beam on a portion of the substrate in order to form a region of increased refraction; and scanning an elongated region of the glass substrate with the beam in order to define at least one elongated optical channel having an increased index of refraction relative to the base index of refraction, the elongated optical channel for guiding light transmitted there along. The process further includes: forming a plurality of elongated optical channels in the substrate, wherein a first optical channel is operative for transmitting light to the plurality of elongated optical channels such that the transmitted light is divided among the plurality of elongated optical channels, thereby forming an optical beamsplitter.

Method for fabricating integrated optical components using ultraviolet laser techniques

A monitoring system provides for monitoring the optical performance of a plurality of different channels of a fiber optic network, each channel having an associated channel wavelength. The system includes: means for generating a calibration signal including a plurality of stable calibration wavelengths; means for combining a tapped communication signal and the calibration signal to generate a combined signal; and a multi-channel monitoring device. The monitoring device includes: an input optical fiber for receiving the combined signal, and for radiating an input light beam including the communication wavelengths and the calibration wavelengths; a detector unit having an array of pixel detector elements each being responsive to light beams incident thereon, and operative to generate an associated data signal; collimating and focusing means for collimating and focusing beams propagating between the fiber end and the detector unit; and a transmissive grating assembly for diffracting and spatially separating beams propagating between the input fiber end and the detector unit. The grating assembly, collimating and focusing means, and pixel detector elements are configured so that the diffracted beams are spatially separated and focused onto associated ones of the detector elements according to their wavelengths. A data processing unit receives the data signals from the detector unit, and is operative to provide information indicative of the intensities and wavelengths associated with each of the channels of the main communication signal. The processing unit uses the calibration wavelengths as standards to calibrate positional relationships between the spatially diffracted beams and the associated pixel detector elements.

Compact optical performance monitor

An optical cross switch device for selectively switching light beams between a plurality of fiber optic elements. The device includes an input fiber mounting assembly for securing at least one input fiber terminating in a fiber end for radiating an associated input light beam; collimating means for collimating the at least one input light beam; focusing means for focusing light beams incident thereon; an output fiber mounting assembly for securing at least one output fiber terminating in an output fiber end for receiving an associated light beam; and at least one mirror unit having at least one reflective element for selectively redirecting an associated one of the collimated input light beams toward an associated selected one of the output fiber ends via the focusing means.

Wavelength selective optical cross switch and optical add/drop multiplexer using volume phase grating and array of micro electro mechanical mirrors

An optical multiplexing and demultiplexing device includes: a fiber mounting means for securing a plurality of optical fibers each terminating in a fiber end, at least one of the fiber ends radiating a corresponding input beam having a polarization state defined by a polarization plane that may vary as a function of time, and at least one of the fiber ends for receiving an output beam; collimating and focusing means having a focal length, and providing collimation of the input beams, and focusing of the output beams; diffraction means including at least one diffractive element providing for dispersion of optical beams passing therethrough, each diffractive element having an associated diffraction efficiency that varies as a function of the polarization state of light beams passing therethrough; and a polarization rotating means for rotating the plane of polarization of a beam passing therethrough by a specified number of degrees. The device provides for a particular input beam having a first polarization state to be diffracted by the diffractive elements in accordance with a first diffraction efficiency based on the first polarization state. The beam is then passed through the polarization rotating means at least once and thereby rotated into a second polarization state. The rotated beam is then diffracted by at least one of the diffractive elements in accordance with a second diffraction efficiency based on the second polarization state, whereby the device provides a spectral resolution that is substantially insensitive to variations in the polarization state of the input beam.

Compact wavelength multiplexer-demultiplexer providing low polarization sensitivity

An optical multiplexing and demultiplexing device including a fiber mounting assembly for aligning optical fibers, a set of collimating and focusing optics, a transmission grating element, and a mirror element. The fiber mounting assembly alignment element aligns a series substantially close-spaced optical fibers with their ends flush and assembled in a substantially straight line. The optical fibers are either multi-mode or single mode communication fibers capable of transmitting optical wavelengths with substantially high transmittance. The set of collimating and focusing optics, preferably a lens (or mirror) system that contains two (2) or more elements, may be made from optical glasses with uniform refractive indices, optical glasses with gradient indices, plastic optical elements, or diffractive lenses. The transmission grating element can be made from holographic techniques utilizing photosensitive media, where the media having sufficient thickness to provide high diffractive efficiency and wide operation waveband. The photosensitive media providing high spatial resolution in order to generate high groove density&mdash;thus high spectral resolution for DWDM applications. The mirror element, having a high reflectance coating for the wavelengths of interest, is arranged at such an angle that the optical radiation will be reflected back to the grating. It will then be diffracted again by the grating then focused to the optical fibers.

Growing community of inventors

Los Altos Hills, CA, United States of America

Wei Yang