Cornell Research Foundation Inc.

International Business Machines Corporation

Wei-Jing Zhu

Jing Chang Huang

Mandar Mitra

Shanmugasundaram Ravi Kumar

Jeffrey Scott McCarley

Disclosed is a method of validating a byte sequence having a plurality of states, the method comprising designating one or more noise states from among the plurality of states; generating a most probable state sequence for the byte sequence; utilizing said state sequence to identify all noise in the byte sequence; and localizing said noise in said noise states. Once localized, the noise may be deleted from the byte sequence.

Noise removal in multibyte text encodings using statistical models

A color correlogram ( ) is a representation expressing the spatial correlation of color and distance between pixels in a stored image. The color correlogram ( ) may be used to distinguish objects in an image as well as between images in a plurality of images. By intersecting a color correlogram of an image object with correlograms of images to be searched, those images which contain the objects are identified by the intersection correlogram.

Image subregion querying using color correlograms

A color correlogram is a three-dimensional table indexed by color and distance between pixels which expresses how the spatial correlation of color changes with distance in a stored image. The color correlogram may be used to distinguish an image from other images in a database. To create a color correlogram, the colors in the image are quantized into m color values, c,. . . c,. Also, the distance values k&egr;&lsqb;d&rsqb; to be used in the correlogram are determined where &lsqb;d&rsqb; is the set of distances between pixels in the image, and where dmax is the maximum distance measurement between pixels in the image. Each entry (i, j, k) in the table is the probability of finding a pixel of color c,at a selected distance k from a pixel of color c,. A color autocorrelogram, which is a restricted version of the color correlogram that considers color pairs of the form (i,i) only, may also be used to identify an image.

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Ossining, NY, United States of America

Wei-Jing Zhu