Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.

Wei-Bin Ewe

Burkay Donderici

Glenn Andrew Wilson

Ruijia Wang

Ahmed Elsayed Fouda

Luis Emilio San Martin

Hsu-Hsiang Wu

Baris Guner

Xiang Wu

Roland Edward Chemali

Mark Elliott Willis

Rencheng Song

Jiajun Zhao

Logging of data by a downhole tool disposed in a borehole may be affected by tool wave effects. The tool waves appear in the first echo of casing wave arrivals and the amplitudes may be much larger than casing wave arrivals. The estimates of casing wave amplitude are biased due to these tool wave arrivals when using conventional cement-bond logging (CBL) processing. An automated adaptive inversion-based array processing for CBL evaluation using a downhole tool provides an improvement in the calculation of a bonding index.

Inversion-based array processing for cement-bond evaluation with an LWD tool

The disclosed embodiments include systems and methods to image a borehole. In one embodiment, a borehole imaging system having a borehole imaging tool and a processor is provided. The borehole imaging tool includes a magnetic field source and an array of electrode buttons. The borehole imaging tool also includes a galvanic source operable to inject an electrical current through one or more electrode buttons of the array of electrode buttons into the formation. The processor is operable to determine a differential voltage between at least two electrode buttons of the array of the electrode buttons, and determine the current through the one or more electrode buttons. The processor is also operable to determine a magnetic susceptibility and a resistivity of the formation based on the differential voltage and the current, respectively, and construct a visual representation of the formation based on the resistivity and the magnetic susceptibility of the formation.

Borehole imaging tool

A method for determining mud properties may comprise taking multi-frequency measurement data with a downhole tool, selecting an injector electrode from the one or more injector electrodes for the multi-frequency measurement data, selecting data from the multi-frequency measurement data with low resistivity or a large standoff, creating a forward model based at least partially on the selected data by making initial guesses of model parameters for one or more mud properties, performing a cost function minimization with the forward model, identifying from the cost function minimization if a misfit is above or below a threshold, and identifying the one or more mud properties based at least in part on the cost function minimization. A system may comprise a downhole tool including a mandrel, one or more arms, one or more pads, and one or more injector electrodes. The system may further include an information handling system.

Determining broadband mud properties

Techniques for calculating and visually presenting multiple acoustic modes that have different formation slowness are disclosed herein. The techniques include methods for receiving time-domain waveforms from adjacent formations in a borehole, processing each of the time-domain waveforms to generate frequency-domain spectrums, selecting frequency and slowness values, and predicting travel time of a mode associated with the slowness value. In some aspects, the method further includes steps for calculating a semblance difference of the frequency-domain spectrums based on the frequency value, the slowness value and the predicted travel time. Systems and computer-readable media are also provided.

Mapping wave slowness using multi-mode semblance processing techniques

The disclosure relates generally to the inversion of geophysical and/or logging measurements for formation evaluation and monitoring. The disclosure may be related to methods of deconvolution and/or inversion of piecewise formation properties. A method for formation evaluation from a downhole tool may comprise disposing a downhole tool into a wellbore, broadcasting a signal into a formation penetrated by the wellbore, recording the signal from the formation with at least one receiver disposed on the downhole tool, computing an objective function, and determining formation properties by minimizing the objective function.

Sparse deconvolution and inversion for formation properties

A method and system for locating one or more bed boundaries. A method for locating one or more bed boundaries may include disposing a downhole tool into a wellbore, measuring wellbore wall resistivity with the downhole tool, extracting a vertical voltage measurement, deconvolving the vertical voltage measurement with an impulse response an apparent resistivity, and calculating a derivative of the apparent resistivity and finding one or more peaks of the derivative to determine the locations of the one or more bed boundaries. A well measurement system for locating one or more bed boundaries may include a downhole tool. The downhole tool may include a pad, an arm, a receiver disposed on the pad, and a transmitter disposed on the pad. The well measurement system may further comprise a conveyance and an information handling system.

Deconvolution-based enhancement of apparent resistivity and bed boundary identification in borehole resistivity imaging

Described are tools, systems, and methods for dielectric logging using transient waveforms. In some embodiments, one or more microstrip antennas are employed for the measurements. In various embodiments, the waveforms are processed in the time-domain to determine the dielectric properties of a formation, from which geophysical formation properties can then be derived. Further embodiments are disclosed.

Time-domain broadband dielectric logging

A conductivity model is used for a logging tool and surrounding borehole and formation. The conductivity model is separable into a background conductivity model and an anomalous conductivity model for at least one of the formation and the tool. With the conductivity model, background electromagnetic fields and Green's functions corresponding to electromagnetic field signals at one or more receivers are computed for inversion of measured electromagnetic signals to determine adjustable parameters associated with anomalous conductivity. From the inversion, dielectric and other electromagnetic properties of the formation and borehole are determined.

Multi-dimensional dielectric logging

A method and system for pad alignment may comprise disposing a downhole tool into a borehole, taking a measurement with the electrode with at least one operating frequency, correcting the measurement to account for local formation dip, constructing a window with a predetermined size H, identifying a number of adaptive filters to be utilized, extracting one or more frequency components from the measurement with the adaptive filters, identifying a semblance value of a reference dataset and a target dataset, assembling the semblance values for the reference dataset and the target dataset, identifying the semblance values of the reference dataset and target datasets over the range of relative pad shifts, identifying a pad shift, and forming one or more images of the pad shirt or the semblance of the reference dataset and target data set. The system may comprise a mandrel, one or more pads, and electrodes.

Pad alignment with a multi-frequency-band and multi-window semblance processing

Systems, methods and apparatuses for measuring properties of a borehole formation and generating an image of the formation. The method comprises selecting a direction for transmission of an electromagnetic signal, wherein the selection includes altering an electromagnetic coupling between an active element of a first device and at least one passive element of the first device. An electromagnetic signal can be transmitted, by the active element of the first device, into a borehole formation. The electromagnetic signal can subsequently be received by a second device. Formation properties can be determined from the received signal and an image of the formation can be generated.

Formation imaging with electronic beam steering

A dielectric tool, system, and method for determining properties of subterranean formations. A dielectric tool may comprise a tool body, a transmitter, a receiver, wherein the receiver is operable to measure formation dielectric response to the transmitter, and at least one of the transmitter or at least one of the receiver is operable to have a substantially radial magnetic dipole moment. A system may comprise a dielectric tool and an information handling system, wherein the information handling system is operable to determine properties of a subterranean formation based at least on the measured formation dielectric response. A method for determining properties of a subterranean formation may comprise placing a dielectric tool in a wellbore, operating the dielectric tool in the wellbore, measuring a formation dielectric response using the dielectric tool, producing a modeled formation dielectric response, and determining the properties of the subterranean formation from the modeled formation dielectric response.

Radial magnetic dipole dielectric tool

Certain logging method and system embodiments obtain multi-component signal measurements from an electromagnetic logging tool conveyed along a borehole through a formation, and invert the measurements for a single frequency using an anisotropic formation model having at least dip, horizontal and vertical resistivity, and horizontal and vertical permittivity, as parameters. A resulting log is provided to represent a position dependence of at least one of said parameters or a formation property derived from at least one of said parameters. Illustrative formation properties include water saturation, rock type, and presence of pyrite or other such materials having anisotropic polarization. Inversions may be performed on measurements acquired at other frequencies to determine a representative dispersion curve for further characterization of the formation.

Formation logging using multicomponent signal-based measurement of anisotropic permittivity and resistivity

An example logging tool may include at least one transmitter antenna and at least one receiver antenna. A first high-impedance metamaterial may be disposed between the transmitter antenna and the receiver antenna. The first high-impedance metamaterial may include a periodic arrangement of patches, each of the patches being electrically coupled to a ground plane using a via.

Dielectric logging tool comprising high-impedance metamaterials

In some embodiments, an apparatus and a system, as well as methods, may include operating a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna as equivalent tilted dipoles, wherein the tilted dipoles provide a selection of equivalent tilt angles for at least one of the transmitting antenna or the receiving antenna. Further activity may comprise receiving signals by the receiving antenna disposed in a geological formation, the signals to be inverted to obtain at least one of resistivity or dielectric constant properties of the geological formation at a selected depth of investigation, the depth determined by the selection of the equivalent tilt angles and weighting with pre-computed integrated radial sensitivity signal data. Additional methods, apparatus, and systems are disclosed.

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Singapore, Singapore

Wei-Bin Ewe