Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation

Warren Paul Porter

Mark Eric Cook

Daniel Elmer Butz

Fariba Masoumeh Assadi-Porter

Hamid Reza Eghbalnia

John W Mitchell

Leah D Whigham

Marco Tonelli

Dale A Schoeller

Isabel W Treichel

David H Abbott

Hamid R Eghbalnia

Described herein are methods of determining energy balance in individuals such as exercising individuals, individuals consuming aC-enriched test composition and individuals consuming a fixed diet with a known &#x3b4;C. The &#x3b4;C pre- and post-exercise, or pre- and post-consumption of the test beverage or fixed diet indicate whether the individual is in neutral or positive energy balance, or in energy deficit. The methods are particularly useful for individuals participating in weight management programs, and individuals under the care of health care professionals.

Methods of determining energy balance using breath carbon isotope ratios

Methods are disclosed for distinguishing whether an animal is experiencing a bacterial infection or a viral infection. One monitors breath taken from the animal over time to measure the relative amount of a first breath stable isotope to a second breath stable isotope therein over time. A quick change in the isotope ratios within several hours from the likely infection is indicative of a bacterial infection. A delayed change in the isotope ratios, followed by periodic repeated alterations in the ratios, is indicative of viral infection. The methods are particularly efficient when using cavity ringdown spectroscopy for the monitoring. They may be used for monitoring a patient already admitted to a hospital, or for monitoring a patient initially complaining of adverse symptoms, or for triage, or for collectively monitoring a population of animals.

Identification of disease characteristics using isotope ratios in breath

The methods described herein are based on the observation that oscillations in breath isotope ratio data can be used for the purpose of identifying an 'unhealthy' state in an organism such as a human. Described herein are methods of determining the state of health of an individual, such as the transition from healthy to infected, by identifying changes in oscillation modes in breath isotope ratio data. Changes in the frequency and/or amplitude of the oscillation modes are correlated with the heath of the individual. The methods can advantageously be used to provide information about the health of an individual in shorter periods of time than previous methods.

Detection of rate changes in systematic oscillations of metabolic athways by monitoring isotope ratios

The invention is methods and related kits for diagnosing a disease state of cachexia by measuring biomarker profiles from a biological sample. Rapid measurement of early onset or progression of the disease in a subject is determined by measuring biomarker levels from the subject and optionally comparing the biomarker levels to a standard biomarker profile or metabolome phase portrait for the disease. The biomarkers measured in the assay and related kit for cachexia progression include biomarkers selected from the group consisting of lactate, citrate, formate, acetoacetate, 3-hydroxy butrate, alanine, glutamine, glutamate, valine, isoleucine leucine, thrionine, lysine, arginine, tyrosine, phenyl alanine, histidine and tryptophan.

Noninvasive measurement and identification of biomarkers in disease state

The present invention is a system and method for accurately calculating the spatial-temporal effects of a variety of environmental conditions on animal individual, population and community dynamics, given the animal's temperature-dependent behaviors, morphology and physiology, by running integrated microclimate and animal models to calculate the discretionary energy and water available to the animal and its activity time. The methodology requires relatively few, easily measured data to perform the calculations. The microclimate model translates a set of climate and other environmental conditions into a set of microclimate conditions experienced by an animal, given a set of the animal's characteristics. The animal model uses the microclimate conditions data and the set of animal characteristics data to solve for several animal conditions. Further calculations and several display options are available to a user, including spatial-temporal analyses. The method is implemented by use of a client-server system employing a graphical user interface, and a programming structure that allows for use of the methodology with personal computers, despite the large sizes of the databases that must be accessed. The method may also be implemented on individual computers.

Method and system for calculating the spatial-temporal effects of climate and other environmental conditions on animals

Methods and apparatus are disclosed for determining the presence of a catabolic state in an organism (or collection of organisms) by measuring changes in isotopic ratios in biological materials obtained from them. Preferably, .sup.13 C/.sup.12 C ratios are monitored for isotopically unenriched animals, such as by testing changes in the ratio in blood or breath.

Growing community of inventors

Fitchburg, WI, United States of America

Warren Paul Porter