Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation

Praxair Technology, Inc.

Ciba Speciatly Chemicals Corporation

Basf Se Corporation

Walter L Renz

Mervin Gale Wood

Ramanathan Ravichandran

Joseph Suhadolnik

Richard M Kelly

Revathi Iyengar

William J Scharmach

Pascal Hayoz

Robert E Detlefsen

Nancy N Cliff

Rong Xiong

David Bramer

Luther A R Hall

Eugene Valentine Sitzmann

Andrew J Naisby

Joseph Suhadonlik

Andrea Roberts

Eugene Sitzman

Nancy Nase Cliff

Andrea R Roberts

A composition and method required for providing a fracturing fluid pumped down a well bore and into a subterranean formation under conditions of pressure that will fracture the subterranean formation is described. More specifically, the composition increases the recovery of hydrocarbons from a geological formation penetrated by a well bore, wherein the composition includes a fracturing fluid that is liquid carbon dioxide (LCO) with proppant to aid transport of the proppant in suspension, and thereby create a fracture using a fracturing fluid which is the thickened composition containing fumed silica. When the composition is without a proppant, the viscosity of the composition is increased in order to improve the fracturing operation through aspects such as increased fracture width and reduced fluid leak-off.

Fracturing fluid composition and method of using same in geological formations

The present disclosure is directed to a composition and method of fracturing a formation penetrated by a well-bore. The composition and method comprises providing a fracturing fluid that is liquefied carbon dioxide (LCO) with at least one friction reducing polymer that is a polysiloxane dissolved in the LCOat a concentration of about 0.001 to 1.0 weight percent, and a first at least one co-solvent, and optionally a second at least one co-solvent that has a closed cup flash point greater than the first at least one co-solvent, in order to enable dissolution of the polymer in order to effect friction reduction.

Fracturing fluid composition and method utilizing same

The present disclosure is directed to a method of making a fracturing fluid and system of fracturing a formation penetrated by a well-bore. The method includes providing a fracturing fluid that is liquefied carbon dioxide (LCO) and a co-solvent in a quantity of 1-19 wt %, and at least one friction-reducing polymer in a quantity of 0.001-1.0 wt % of the fracturing fluid composition, wherein the friction-reducing polymer is initially disposed in an emulsion, and is at least partially soluble in the co-solvent and LCOmixture.

Method of making a fracturing fluid composition and utilization thereof

The invention relates to poly(vinylalcohol)-co-poly(vinylamine) copolymers represented as formula (I), where B is greater than or equal to 1, L is independently of each other a chemical linking group which is &#x2014;NH&#x2014;, &#x2014;N&#x2550;, &#x3e;N&#x2014;, &#x3e;N+&#x3c;, &#x2014;O&#x2014; or &#x2014;CO&#x2014;, COPOLYMER is derived from a prepolymer of the formula (II) where Rand Rare independently H; 3-propionic acid or C,-Calkyl ester thereof; or is 2-methyl-3-propionic acid or C-Calkyl ester thereof, Rand Rare independently H or C,-Calkyl, x+y+z is between about 3 and about 50 mole percent and q, n and m together make up the remainder of the mole percent, the indices x, y, z, n, m -and q independently may be 0, if q is not 0, b may also be 0. 

Poly(vinylalcohol)-co-poly(vinylamine)polymers comprising functional moieties

The present invention relates to an ink-jet ink, an ink-jet recording material or an ink-jet system containing at least one water-soluble hindered amine compound of the general formula (I): wherein Gand Gare independently alkyl 1 to 4 carbon atoms or are together pentamethylene; Zand Zare each methyl, or Zand Ztogether form an unsubstituted linking moiety or a linking moiety substituted by one or more groups selected from an ester, ether, hydroxy, oxo, cyanohydrin, amide, amino, carboxy or an urethane group; E is alkoxy of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkoxy of 5 to 12 carbon atoms or aralkoxy of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, or E is &#x2014;O-T-(OH); T is a straight or branched chain alkylene of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkylene of 5 to 18 carbon atoms, cycloalkenylene of 5 to 18 carbon atoms, a straight or branched chain alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms substituted by phenyl or by phenyl substituted by one or two alkyl groups of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; b is 1, 2 or 3 with the proviso that b cannot exceed the number of carbon atoms in T, and when b is 2 or 3, each hydroxyl group is attached to a different carbon atoms of T; and, HY is an inorganic or organic acid; and, wherein the total change of cations is equal to the total charge of anions.

Ink jet and recording material

Photo-curable coating formulations which comprise a durable and/or red-shifted reactable hydroxyphenylbenzotriazole ultraviolet light absorber (UVA) are effectively photocured employing a combination of &#x3b1;-hydroxy ketone and bisacylphosphine oxide photoinitiators. The reactable UVA's are reacted into the coating upon curing. The combination of the photoinitiators bis(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphine oxide and 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenylketone is especially effective for this purpose.

Photo-cured and stabilized coatings

Adhesive compositions are rendered stable against degradation caused by ultraviolet light through the incorporation of a highly soluble, photostable benzotriazole UV absorber which is substituted in the ortho position of the hydroxyphenyl ring by &agr;-cumyl or phenyl. Examples of such compounds are 2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 5-fluoro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-octylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole, 5-chloro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole and 5-fluoro-2-(2-hydroxy-3-&agr;-cumyl-5-tert-butylphenyl)-2H-benzotriazole. These compounds exhibit excellent photostability and are highly soluble in adhesive formulations. The laminated articles derived from these compositions include, for example, solar control films, films and glazings, UV absorbing glasses and glass coatings, windscreens, retroreflective sheetings and signs, solar reflectors, optical films and the like.

Stabilized adhesive compositions containing highly soluble, photostable benzotriazole UV absorbers and laminated articles derived therefrom

Adhesive compositions are rendered stable against degradation caused by ultraviolet light through the incorporation of a highly soluble, high extinction, photostable hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine UV absorber or mixtures of s-triazine UV absorbers. An example of such compounds is 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-&lsqb;2-hydroxy-4-(3-nonyloxy*-2-hydroxypropyloxy)-5-&agr;-cumylphenyl&rsqb;-s-triazine (* denotes a mixture of octyloxy, nonyloxy and decyloxy groups). Such compounds exhibit high extinction, excellent photostability and are highly soluble in adhesive formulations. The laminated articles derived from these compositions include, for example, solar control films, films and glazings, UV absorbing glasses and glass coatings, windscreens, retroreflective sheetings and signs, solar reflectors, optical films and the like.

Stabilized adhesive compositions containing highly soluble, high extinction, photostable hydroxyphenyl-s-trianzine UV absorbers and laminated articles derived therefrom

Adhesive compositions are rendered stable against degradation caused by ultraviolet light through the incorporation of a highly soluble, high extinction, photostable hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine UV absorber. An example of such compounds is 2,4-bis(2,4-dimethylphenyl)-6-&lsqb;2-hydroxy-4-(3-nonyloxy*-2-hydroxypropyloxy)-5-&agr;-cumylphenyl&rsqb;-s-triazine (* denotes a mixture of octyloxy, nonyloxy and decyloxy groups). Such compounds exhibit high extinction, excellent photostability and are highly soluble in adhesive formulations. The laminated articles derived from these compositions include, for example, solar control films, films and glazings, UV absorbing glasses and glass coatings, windscreens, retroreflective sheetings and signs, solar reflectors, optical films and the like.

Stabilized adhesive compositions containing highly soluble, high extinction photostable hydroxyphenyl-s-triazine UV absorbers and laminated articles derived therefrom

Adhesive compositions are rendered stable against degradation caused by ultraviolet light through the incorporation of selected highly soluble, red-shifted, photostable benzotriazole UV absorbers which absorb light strongly in the 350 to 400 nm range. These UV absorbers exhibit excellent photostability and are highly soluble in adhesive formulations. The laminated articles derived from these compositions include, for example, solar control films, films and glazings, UV absorbing glasses and glass coatings, windscreens, retroreflective sheetings and signs, solar reflectors, optical films and the like.

Stabilized adhesive compositions containing highly soluble, red-shifted, photostable benzotriazole UV absorbers and laminated articles derived therefrom

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Brookfield, CT, United States of America

Walter L Renz