The Goodyear & Tire Rubber Company

Ppg Industries, Inc.

Walter H Waddell

Larry R Evans

David Andrew Benko

Syed K Mowdood

Thomas G Krivak

James Gregory Gillick

Eilert A Ofstead

Jimmy L Richards

Jerry L Brenner

James T Dew

Derek Shuttleworth

Frank Wayne Harris

Jeffrey H Harwell

Robert W Strozier

George Philemon Patitsas

Barbara A Metz

Gordon E Pickett

Fredrick Lewis Magnus

Zalman Ronen

William R Krumm

John H O'Haver

Benjamin F Benton

Diana L Scott

Substantially dry free-flowing particles of amorphous precipitated silica have large sizes and large carrying capacities for organic liquids, and they contain little or no dust.

Amorphous precipitated silica having large liquid carrying capacity

Cured tread rubber compositions of tires contain cured organic rubber, from 40 to 150 phr of reinforcing carbon black, and reinforcing reinforced amorphous precipitated silica wherein the silica has a surface area of from 160 to 340 m.sup.2 /g and a pore diameter at the maximum of the volume pore size distribution function of from 5 to 19 nm. The presence of such reinforcing silica provides improved tire performance characteristics, especially improved paved highway performance, to tires having treads of the cured tread rubber compositions.

Tire tread composition comprising highly reinforcing reinforced

Cured tread rubber compositions of tires contain cured organic rubber, from 0 to 20 phr of reinforcing carbon black, and from 40 to 120 phr of reinforcing reinforced amorphous precipitated silica wherein the silica has a surface area of from 160 to 340 m.sup.2 /g and a pore diameter at the maximum of the volume pore size distribution function of from 5 to 19 nm. The presence of such reinforcing silica provides improved tire performance characteristics, especially improved paved highway performance, to tires having treads of the cured tread rubber compositions.

Particulate amorphous silica, surfactant, monomer, and an aqueous solvent are brought into mutual contact so that as equilibrium is approached the concentration of the surfactant in the liquid phase is below, at, or slightly above the critical micelle concentration; the monomer is then polymerized to form polymeric film associated with at least a portion of the surface of the particulate amorphous silica, the polymeric film being (i) homopolymer of an aliphatic monomer or (ii) copolymer of at least two different monomers.

Particulate amorphous silica associated with thin polymeric film

A statistically large population of particles of amorphous precipitated silica is substantially free of particles of amorphous precipitated silica which are retained on a 20 mesh sieve screen, and is characterized by at least 90 percent by weight of said particles of said population being retained on a 200 mesh sieve screen. Such a population may be produced by cracking amorphous precipitated silica particles between the textured rolls of at least one roll pair.

Particulate amorphous precipitated silica

This invention is directed to treating the surfaces of rubber-reinforcing materials with a gas plasma of O.sub.2 and CF.sub.4 to activate the surfaces to make them more receptive to adhesives. Optionally the surfaces of the reinforcing materials may be exposed to a polymerizing gas plasma such as a thio-carbon to coat the surfaces of the reinforcing material with substances that promote adhesion to rubber. The treated surfaces have been shown to adhere directly to rubber when vulcanized in the normal fashion.

Process for the surface treatment of polymers for

Fatty acids commonly found in bulk elastomers such as natural rubber and certain synthetic polymers are deactivated by adding a metal oxide to the masterbatch stage where the metal oxide is selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, calcium oxide or mixtures thereof. Amounts range from about 0.1 phr to about 5 phr of calcium oxide, about 0.1 to about 7 phr of aluminum oxide, or about 0.5 to about 5 phr of aluminum oxide plus about 0.05 to 1 phr of calcium oxide. Deactivation of fatty acids improves tack and cure properties.

Metal oxide deactivation of natural rubber fatty acids

There is disclosed the use of matrix-antidegradants in rubber and a process for the production of matrix-antidegradants. More specifically, this invention is directed to microparticles of vulcanized rubber containing high levels of para-phenylenediamine type antiozonants which have a particle diameter of 100 microns or less. The matrix-antidegradant or microparticles prepared according to this invention provide long term protection to rubber articles that are subject to ozone and oxygen attack.

Rubber containing matrix-antidegradants

There is disclosed the use of microencapsulated antidegradants in rubber and a process for the production of microencapsulated antidegradants. More specifically, this invention is directed to the cellulose acetate microencapsulation of para-phenylene diamine based antiozonants at wall to core ratios greater than 1:1 but less than 4:1. The microcapsules preferably have a particle diameter of less than 50 microns. The microencapsulated antidegradant prepared and used according to this invention provides long term protection to rubber articles that are subject to ozone and oxygen attack.

Rubber containing microencapsulated antidegradants

This invention is concerned with a process for the surface treatment of a rubber containing ethylenic unsaturation by coating the rubber with an alkyl halide and exposing the thus coated rubber surface to ultraviolet-visible light. Such modification produces a rubber article having reduced air permeability, enhanced ozone protection and improved release properties.

Process for the surface treatment of unsaturated rubber by photochemical

A lubricant composed of a siloxane, a fatty acid lubricant, mica and at least one selected thickener and use thereof for curing tires.

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Pittsburgh, PA, United States of America

Walter H Waddell