Carl-zeiss-stiftung

Carl-zeiss-stiftung, Heidenheim/brenz

Walter H Lang

Franz Muchel

Erich Blaha

Ortwin Mueller

Klaus Biber

Ortwin Muller

Ulrich Sander

Kurt Schulz

Eugen Weimer

Ulrich Lemcke

Joachim Hornschu

Gunther Summerer

Gerhard Mueller

Dieter Muller

Roland Schmauder

Peter Niesel

Roland Wanner

Alfons Neidlinger

For determining the proper dose of therapy radiation for photocoagulation at the fundus of the eye, the fluorescent radiation excited by the therapy radiation (laser light) in the fundus of the eye is utilized. The fluorescence intensity passes through a characteristic minimum upon the termination of the coagulation process. Apparatus is disclosed for the detection by measurement of this effect. Optical beam splitters are provided to separate the fluorescent radiation from the therapy radiation. An electronically controlled shutter is provided for the passage and blocking off of the therapy radiation. The shutter is closed when the fluorescence intensity reaches a minimum after commencement of coagulation, or when the radiation reaches a predetermined amount, if this occurs before the fluorescence reaches its minimum.

Apparatus for dose measurement upon photocoagulation in the fundus of

The invention is directed to a double microscope for a surgeon and an assistant. The double microscope includes an optical splitter plate which splits the light coming from the operation field and directs the split beams to the two microscopes. The optical splitter plate, together with the objective of the assistant microscope and a beam deflection element, are all accommodated in a component connecting the two microscopes.

Surgical microscope for two surgeons

In a device for examining anterior sections of the eye, based on the Scheimpflug principle, an electric receiver is provided in the imaging-beam path for electronic evaluation of results of the examination. Various meridian sections in the patient's eye are produced by means of a rotatable prism. A fixation object and a graticule in the illumination beam path enable easy reproducibility of measurement results, as well as facilitating follow-up examinations which seek to observe the same eye for changes, from one examination to a later examination.

Device for examining anterior sections of the eye

For non-fatiguing observation through microscope eyepieces, the invention contemplates continuously displaceable eyecups for adjustment of pupil coincidence. The simple mechanical structure is based on force-fitted connection of one part of the eyecup to the eyepiece housing, together with guidance of another part parallel to the optical axis.

Ocular eyecups for wearers of glasses

A compact apparatus for the subjective and objective determination of refraction of the eyes of a person. Two projection ray paths (6, 7), separated in space from each other, are provided, both ray paths containing systems (10, 11) for the continuous adjustment of spherical and astigmatic effects. Together with an optical telesystem (15) and the lenses of the eye they focus a test mark (3) on the retina of each of the eyes (18, 20) of the test subject. The light reflected by the retina passes via mirrors (14) into observation ray paths (21). They focus the retina and thus the test mark (3) in an image plane (30). The adjustment systems are displaced until the images of the test mark appear sharp in the image plane (30). After such an objective determination it is possible by actuating the same adjustment elements (10, 11) to adjust subjectively until the test subject sees the test mark with optimum sharpness. The projection ray paths are deflected via partially transmitting mirrors (17, 19) into the eyes of the test subject. The apparatus thus represents a free-view instrument. By inclining mirrors or the entire apparatus a near-distance vision examination is also possible.

Apparatus for the subjective and objective determination of refraction

In articulated optical systems, rotation of the image takes place due to the articulations. The invention eliminates this disadvantage by producing a signal whose polarity is dependent on the direction of rotation in which the image produced in the observation plane (64) is turned with respect to the object. By the signal, a compensation element (72) arranged in the articulated optical system is turned until the signal has disappeared. Two devices are disclosed for producing the signal: 1. At the start of the articulated optical system a mark (16) is introduced by reflection, it being focused at the end of the articulated optical system on a sensor (67). 2. On all articulations there are arranged position transmitters (111,112, etc.) which are connected with a minicomputer (130) which calculates the resultant image rotation and gives off a corresponding signal via a digital analog converter (131).

Method and apparatus for automatically compensating for rotation of

The invention contemplates an improved ophthalmological instrument wherein photo slit-lamp function (for anterior-chamber examination of an eye) are combined with fundus-camera functions (for posterior-chamber examination of the eye), with important advantages of manipulating convenience and reduced cost. The invention is disclosed (a) for the case of a photo slit-lamp accessory for use with an existing fundus camera and (b) for the case of a more compact new instrument to serve both functions.

Ophthalmological instrument for examination of anterior and posterior

The invention provides an ophthalmological technique and instrumentation for making better and more facile examinations of the anterior portion of an eye, by employing a known interference-contrast technique in on-axis combination with an illumination-source, and having the feature of binocular-microscope viewing. In the form described, polarized light from the source is introduced to the microscope-objective axis at a location between a Nomarski prism and the associated analyzer of the interference-contrast system. This polarized light passes through the Nomarski prism and the microscope objective enroute to the eye being examined; from the eye, it is reflected back through said objective and prism to the analyzer, where a beam-splitting prism serves the respective ray paths of a binocular-microscope viewing system.

Apparatus for examining anterior portions of the eye

The invention contemplates a modular system of interchangeable and multiply-combinable objective-lens components for selective use with an operation microscope to enable improved viewing of small operational areas, particularly in areas which are in deep channels or recesses. The construction permits optional use of the instrument in the context of stereoscopic or split-beam binocular viewing, or as an endoscope. Viewing is enhanced by efficient light transmission of both (a) the light used for object illumination and (b) the optical transmission of the image to be viewed.

Operation microscope having a small working distance

A stereoscopic microscope arranged for multiple observation, so that a surgical operation or other event may be observed simultaneously by two observers, or by one observer and a television apparatus. Three observation light paths are provided, with the centers of their respective entrance pupils lying at the three corners of a triangle. By splitting one beam, two pairs of stereoscopically related observation paths can be obtained. The pupil of the split light path has a diameter which is larger than the diameter of the pupil the other two light paths by a factor approximately equal to square root of two, so that both observers will see images of approximately equal brightness with their right and left eyes. Various specific arrangements of the observation light paths are disclosed.

Stereoscopic microscope for multiple observation

Apparatus for use with an operating microscope employed in observing the cornea of the human eye, for example in connection with cornea transplant operations. A plexiglass tube surrounds the objective of the microscope and is fed with light from a suitable source, so that an image of the circular illuminated lower end of the plexiglass tube is reflected by the cornea of the patient back into the microscope and is observed by the person using the microscope. The character and extent of distortion of the reflected image is an indication of the corneal astigmatism. The eyepiece of the microscope is provided with a reticle in connection with which the reflected image is observed. In one form of the invention, the recticle has diametrical crossed lines and concentric circular lines. In other form of the invention the recticle has a diametrically extending linear scale, and is used in connection with an eyepiece attachment having means for rotating the recticle to align the linear scale with any desired axis of the reflected image and micrometer means for moving a pointer to measure the length of the reflected image along such axis.

Apparatus for determination of corneal astigmatism

A photocoagulator using a gas discharge lamp and a mirror for forming a double image of the luminous plasma region of the lamp in a photocoagulation area adjusted for size by interchangeable field stops is improved for easier adjustability when field stop sizes are changed. A manually operable screw ring moves the lamp axially relative to the mirror to adjust the separation of one image from the other relative to the size of the field stop, and the side of the field stop facing toward the coagulation area is illuminated for brightening the environment of the coagulation area for easier observation.

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Konigsbronn, Germany

Walter H Lang