U.S. Philips Corporation

Koninklijke Philips Corporation N.v.

North American Philips Corporation

Volker Doormann

Jens-Peter Krumme

Geoffrey Harding

Bernd R David

Hans O Dammann

Hans-Jurgen Schmitt

Jurgen Seidenberg

Norbert Thorweihe

Wolfgang J Radtke

A device for generating X-rays having a source for emitting electrons accommodated in a vacuum space, a liquid metal for emitting X-rays as a result of the incidence of electrons, and a pump for causing a flow of the liquid metal through a constriction where the electrons emitted by the source impinge upon the liquid metal, the constriction having a cross-sectional area which, seen in a flow direction, increases so that during operation in the flow direction, a decrease of a flow velocity takes place such that a decrease of a pressure of the liquid metal in the constriction, caused by viscous flow losses, substantially corresponds with an increase of the pressure caused by the decrease of the velocity so that a uniform and relatively low mechanical load is exerted on a window separating the constriction from the vacuum space during operation.

Device for generating X-rays having a liquid metal anode

A method of manufacturing ion garnet layers having refractive indices n adjusted in a defined manner and lattice constants a.sub.o adjusted in a defined manner, in which the layers are deposited on a substrate by means of rf cathode sputtering using a target comprising substantially a garnet phase besides residual phases of substantially the same sputtering rates in a noble gas plasma of an ion energy of the ions bombarding the growing layer of smaller than 10.sup.2 eV and at a pressure in the range from 0.1 to 2.0 Pa, the noble gas being doped with up to 5% by volume of at least one reactive gas.

Method of manufacturing iron garnet layers

The invention relates to a planar optical isolator having a magneto optical gyrotropic layer and an anisotropic birefringent layer which are proportioned so that the non-reciprocal rotation of polarisation of the light (Faraday rotation) resulting from the action of a magnetic field in the forward direction of the isolator is at least substantially negatively equal to the reciprocal rotation of polarisation as a result of the birefringence, so that a TE-mode in the forward direction is guided with low damping, measures being taken for the intensive attenuation of at least one TM-mode. An isolator having a high isolating effect in which magneto optical gyrotropic layers and anisotropic birefringent layers can be connected epitaxially is obtained in that the waveguiding core layer comprises two rare earth-iron garnet (YIG) layers which are differently doped to obtain different specific birefringence.

Planar optical isolator

A method of manufacturing structured epitaxial layers is discribed having monocrystalline layer regions adjacent to layer regions of a different order situated on a monocrystalline substrate whose crystal lattice is disturbed in locally bounded surface regions. A lattice disorder is formed with, the layers being manufactured by means of RF cathode sputtering (sputter epitaxy) in an inert gas plasma, and making use of a target containing the elements which contribute in the form of phases with an almost identical sputtering rate to the formation of the layer.

Method of manufacturing structured epitaxial layers on a substrate

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Hamburg, Germany

Volker Doormann