Other

Nano-optic Devices, LLC

Ergophos, LLC

Yankov, Vladimir

Vladimir Yankov

Leonid Velikov

Konstantin Kravtsov

Igor Ivonin

Alexander Goltsov

A method of forming a rarefied hologram for video imaging and 3D lithography by using an MEMS/SLM with a plurality of pixels on the surface at a fixed distance from the retina of the viewer' eye. The method consists of providing an initial desired image, which has to be holographically reproduced by the MEMS/SLM as a remote virtual 3D image visible by the viewer's eye. The desired image is coded in a special manner and mapped by encoding and calculating only a part of the initial desired image. The operations of the pixels are controlled in accordance with the code for generation of the holographic pattern. Since only a part of a holographic pattern of the image is encoded and calculated, it becomes possible to reduce the calculation time and decrease parasitic light scattering.

Method of forming a rarefied hologram for video imaging and 3D lithography

The frontlight unit is intended for enhancing illumination of a reflective display having pixels arranged in a matrix pattern and using monochromatic laser lights as light sources. The unit contains a network of light-distribution planar ridge waveguides with holograms arranged in a matrix pattern that corresponds to the matrix pattern of the reflective display when it is applied onto this display and emits light in the downward direction in the form of diverging beams that fall onto the pixels of the reflective display and in the upward direction onto mirrors wherefrom light is reflected also in the form of diverging beams onto the reflective display. Thus, all of the light reflected from the holograms of the light-distribution planar ridge waveguides is not lost and is used entirely for illumination of the reflective display. The mirrors occupy no more than 5% of the display surface area.

Frontlight unit for reflective displays

The invention provides optical interconnects of data-processing cores of multicore chips by means of digital planar holographic microchips on a host chip. The device comprises 'N' laser light sources that generate lights of 'N' different wavelength and &#x201c;N&#x201d; data-processing cores that produce data. Each data-processing core contains optical signal receivers and modulators/transceivers that receive lights from the laser light sources and have a function of modulating the light obtained from the laser light sources with the data produced by the cores thus producing modulated light signals which are further processed by the holographic microchip and then decoded by the receivers. The device is efficient in that it replaces electrical interconnects between the cores with optical interconnects and can be matched to current semiconductor production technology.

Multicore chip with holographic optical interconnects

Proposed is a touchscreen sensor for touchscreen devices such as iPhones, iPads, etc. The sensor comprises a substrate that supports an IR laser light source that transmits light to a light-delivery ridge waveguide formed on one side of the substrate and an array of photoreceivers on the opposite side of the substrate. The light-delivery waveguide and the photoreceivers of the array are interconnected by a plurality of strip-like illumination waveguides that are divided by touch-sensitive detectors into input and output waveguides. The touch-sensitive detectors are distributed under the external plate with a density that changes optical conditions of the touch-sensitive optical detector when an object, e.g., a finger, touches the external plate. The place of contact is detected and is then used to activate the appropriate command.

Touchscreen sensor for touchscreen display unit

The invention provides optical interconnects of data-processing cores of multicore chips by means of digital planar holographic microchips. The method comprises delivering 'N' laser lights to 'N' data-processing cores on the host chip, coding the obtained optical signals by modulating them with the core-generated data, and then delivering the modulated and coded optical signals to a holographic microchip formed on the same substrate of the host chip as the data-processing cores, splitting the modulated and coded optical signals into (N&#x2212;1)N modulated optical copy signals, delivering the copy signals to all data-processing cores except the one that generates the copy signals, and decoding the data obtained from the output signals delivered to the processing cores by the receivers. The method is efficient in that it allows replacing electrical interconnects between the cores with optical interconnects and can be matched to current semiconductor production technology.

Method of optical interconnection of data-processing cores on a chip

Disclosed is a method for reducing speckling in liquid crystal displays with coherent illumination. The method consists of providing a liquid-crystal display illuminated, e.g., with a laser light, in which the image is formed by passing the light through the light redirecting holographic elements arranged in a matrix pattern, then changing the direction of the beams emitted from the holographic elements by passing the emitted beams through the polarization-changing liquid crystal elements, and converting the image-carrying beams produced by the liquid crystal elements into a visible image by passing them to a viewer through a polarization analyzer.

Method of reducing speckles in liquid-crystal display with coherent illumination

Proposed is a speckle-reduced laser illumination device that may be used in optical microscopy, machine vision systems with laser illumination, fine optical metrology, etc. The device comprises a net of planar ridge waveguides formed into an arbitrary configuration and having a plurality of holograms with holographic elements formed into a predetermined organization defined by the shape of a given light spot or light field which is to be formed by light beams emitted from holograms on the surface of an object or in a space and at a distance from the planar ridge waveguide. Speckling is reduced due to the fact that at least a part or all of the holograms are spaced from each other at distances equal to or greater than the coherence length. The geometry and organization of the holographic elements allow position control of the light spot and beam converging and diverging.

Speckle-reduced laser illumination device

Proposed is a method of laser illumination with reduced speckling for in optical microscopy, machine vision systems with laser illumination, fine optical metrology, etc. The method comprises forming a net of planar ridge waveguides into an arbitrary configuration and providing them with a plurality of holograms having holographic elements formed into a predetermined organization defined by the shape of a given light spot or light field which is to be formed by light beams emitted from the holograms on the surface of the object or in a space at a distance from the planar ridge waveguide. Speckling is reduced by locating at least a part or all of the holograms at distances from each other that are equal to or greater than the coherence length. The geometry and organization of the holographic elements allows controlling position, focusing and defocusing of the beam.

Method of laser illumination with reduced speckling

This invention relates to autostereoscopic display assemblies, in particular for hand-held devices such as tablets, i-Pads, mobile phones, etc., wherein a stereoscopic effect is achieved by forming light beams are emitted from the display at different angles and with different polarization. The display assembly comprises a sandwiched structure consisting of a light-guide panel and a modified liquid-crystal display that is applied onto the light-guide panel. The panel has on its outer surface a net of light waveguides for delivery of light from the light source and for uniform distribution of light over the entire surface of the display. The different polarizations and angular directions of the beams perceived differently by a viewer's left and right eyes are achieved by providing the light-distribution waveguides with holograms of two different types.

Autostereoscopic display assembly based on digital semiplanar holography

Disclosed is a liquid-crystal display with coherent illumination. The display has a multilayered matrix structure comprising a matrix of micromirrors, lightguide panel with a matrix of holographic elements, a liquid-crystal matrix containing a plurality of liquid-crystal cells and a polarization analyzer. The micromirrors perform reciprocating linear or tilting movements. Therefore, in each current moment, the speckle pattern of the image shifts relative to the preceding pattern so that in each current moment the viewer sees an image in different micropositions, which are perceptible by the human eye as a quasistationary pattern. As a result, the speckle pattern seen by the viewer is smoothened.

Liquid-crystal display with coherent illumination and reduced speckling

The frontlight illumination system is intended for enhancing illumination of a reflective display having pixels arranged in a matrix pattern and using monochromatic laser lights as light sources. The unit contains a network of light-distributing planar ridge waveguides with holograms arranged in a matrix pattern that corresponds to the matrix pattern of the reflective display. The light-distributing holograms of the system are formed on opposite sides of each core of respective light-distributing planar ridge waveguides. Neighboring holograms located on opposite sides of the core are combined into pairs and are arranged on each core in positions at which they interact with a predetermined phase shift that doubles the intensity of light directed to the reflective display and extinguishes light directed to the external surface.

Frontlight unit for enhancing illumination of a reflective display

The method of the invention is intended for manufacturing a laser diode with improved light-emitting characteristics. The method consists of providing certain components of a laser diode such as a wide-aperture lasing medium that has an active emitting layer with a first end and a second end, a DPH-mode reorganizer that contains a core and a plurality of nanogrooves made in the core and arranged in a pattern that accomplishes a given function and locally changes the refractive index of the core. The method further includes the steps of forming a semitransparent mirror on the second end of the active lasing medium and aligning the first end of the active emitting layer with the core of the DPH-mode reorganizer, thus forming a resonator of the laser diode. In the resonator, the light applied from the laser-active medium bounces back and forth between the DPH-mode reorganizer and the partially reflecting mirror, thereby enhancing stimulated emission.

Method of manufacturing a laser diode with improved light-emitting characteristics

The light-enhancing system of the invention comprises a laser diode in which a fully reflecting mirror and/or a partially reflecting mirror of the laser diode is made in the form of digital planar holography (DPH) incorporating a mode-reorganization function that decreases divergence and improves brightness of the output beam of the system by suppressing high-order modes and gaining low-order modes, or mode. The holographic elements are made in the form of rectangular grooves that can be manufactured as binary features reproduced by methods of nanolithography or nanoimprinting.

Light-enhancing device and method based on use of an optically active lasing medium in combination with digital planar holography

A method of digitally processing light waves passing through a planar structure having given functions &#x192;(x, y, &#x3c9;) and &#x192;(x, y, &#x3c9;) and consisting of a light-propagating and distributing layer is provided. This layer contains a plurality of interconnecting pattern elements of a holographic pattern and a plurality of planar optical elements arranged in a predetermined pattern on the aforementioned light-propagating and distributing layer. The method consists of calculating positions and shapes of the interconnecting pattern elements of the holographic pattern based on the aforementioned given functions by solving an inverse problem. The interconnecting pattern elements have refractive indices different from the refractive indices of the light-propagating and distributing layer and are manufactured on the basis of the results of the calculations. The aforementioned continuous function is digitized, and the obtained digitized planar holographic pattern is used for converting the function &#x192;(x, y, &#x3c9;) into the function &#x192;(x, y, &#x3c9;).

Integrated planar optical device based on digital planar holography

A planar nanospectrometer formed as a single chip that uses diffraction structures, which are combinations of numerous nano-features placed in a predetermined configuration and providing multiple functionalities such as guiding light, resonantly reflecting light at multiple wavelengths, directing light to detectors, and focusing light on the detectors. The diffraction structure can be described as a digital planar hologram that comprises an optimized combination of overlaid virtual sub-gratings, each of which is resonant to a single wavelength of light. Each device includes at least one sensor, at least one light source, and at least one digital planar hologram in an optical waveguide. The device of the present invention allows detection of small amounts of analytes in gases and liquids or on solid surfaces and can be particularly advantageous for field analysis of environmental safety in multiple locations because of its miniature size and low cost.

Growing community of inventors

Washington Township, NJ, United States of America

Vladimir Yankov