Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.p.

Peridot Print LLC

Hewlett-Packard Company

Hewlett-Packard Development, L.p.

Vladek P Kasperchik

Mohammed Saad Shaarawi

James McKinnell

David A Champion

Alexey S Kabalnov

Michael G Monroe

Krzysztof Nauka

Paul Joseph Bruinsma

David Michael Ingle

Makarand P Gore

James Elmer Abbott, Jr

Jayprakash C Bhatt

Stephen G Rudisill

Vladimir Jakubek

Thomas W Butler

Tienteh Chen

Terry M Lambright

Cory J Ruud

Gary Allan Ungefug

Pavel Kornilovich

Sterling Chaffins

David Michael Kwasny

Shannon Reuben Woodruff

Melissa D Boyd

James P Shields

Jason Cassidy Hower

Laura Kramer

William E Dorogy

Cari L Dorsh

Andrew L Van Brocklin

Alexander N Govyadinov

Sivapackia Ganapathiappan

Jeffrey Allen Nielsen

Emre Hiro Discekici

Raymond J Adamic

Kevin P Dekam

Isaac Farr

Marshall Field

Thomas Michael Sabo

Christopher O Oriakhi

Jennifer Wu

Michael J Day

Susan E Bailey

Hou Tee Ng

Xiaoqi Zhou

Lihua Zhao

William James Allen

Ali Emamjomeh

Howard S Tom

James William Stasiak

Brian G Risch

David J Arcaro

Devin Alexander Mourey

Eric Lee Burch

David C Collins

Yan Zhao

Greg Scott Long

Patrick V Boyd

Palitha Wickramanayake

Todd A Cleland

Robert C Maze

Jake Wright

David Pidwerbecki

Cassady Sparks Roop

Mark H Kowalski

Douglas Pederson

Marcos A Barreto

Shilin Guo

Matthew Allen Shepherd

Timothy L Weber

George Sarkisian

Keshava A Prasad

Gregg A Lane

Steven L Webb

Morgan Thomas Schramm

Tony S Cruz-Uribe

Brian M Taff

Hector Jose Lebron

Aja Hartman

Jacob Wright

Hiang P Lauw

David Edmondson

Phillip C Cagle

Paul James McClellan

Gary E Hanson

Mary E Austin

Esteve Comas Cespedes

Vanessa Verzwyvelt

Kuohua Wu

Richard J Mcmanus

Molly L Hladik

Garold Eugene Radke

Pablo Antonio Murciego Rodriguez

Maximo Gayoso

Gracy Apprisiani Wingkono

Karsten N Wilson

Mark Sanders Taylor

Natalie Harvey

Alok Sharan

Glenn T Gentile

A three-dimensional (3D) printed object is described. The 3D printed object comprises a polymer. A surface of the 3D printed object comprises the polymer 5 and a UV absorbing colorant. The surface has a surface area roughness Sa (arithmetical mean height) of ≤5.0 μm. A method for preparing a three dimensional (3D) printed object having a smooth surface is also described.

Three-dimensional printed polymer objects

The present disclosure describes binder agents for printing three-dimensional green body objects, which can include water, an organic co-solvent, a nonionic surfactant, a dihydrazide compound, and latex particles. The nonionic surfactant can include two hydrophilic head groups and two hydrophobic tail groups per molecule.

Binder agents for three-dimensional printing

In one example in accordance with the present disclosure, an additive manufacturing system is described. The additive manufacturing system includes a build material distributor to deposit powder build material on a surface and an agent distribution system to selectively deposit various colored fusing agents and an ultraviolet absorbing agent on the powder build material in a pattern of a layer of a three-dimensional (3D) object to be printed. An irradiation source selectively fuses powder build material with colored fusing agent disposed thereon. The additive manufacturing system also includes a controller. The controller, per location of the layer of the 3D object to be printed 1) determines an energy absorption at the location based on an absorptivity of colored fusing agents deposited at that location and 2) determines an additive manufacturing adjustment to be made at the location to bring the energy absorption at the location to a target level.

Increasing energy absorption during additive manufacturing

Described herein are compositions, kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a binding fluid composition for three-dimensional printing, the composition comprising: an aqueous liquid vehicle comprising at least one diol; and latex polymer particles dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle.

Three-dimensional printing

An example of an ultraviolet (UV) light fusing agent for three-dimensional (3D) printing includes a vehicle and a multi-functional antioxidant and UV light absorber dispersed in the vehicle. The vehicle includes water and a water miscible or water soluble organic solvent. The multi-functional antioxidant and UV light absorber includes a metal oxide particle that is to absorb UV radiation having a wavelength within a range from about 330 nm to about 405 nm and a passivating agent complexed with at least a portion of a surface of the metal oxide.

Methods of three-dimensional printing can include iteratively applying a polymer build material as individual layers to a powder bed, where the polymer build material includes from about 80 wt % to 100 wt % polymer build particles, and based on a three-dimensional object model, selectively applying a binder agent including an aqueous liquid vehicle and polymer binder particles onto the individual layers of the polymer build material. The polymer binder particles have or are capable of having a melting temperature lower than a melting temperature of the polymer build particles. The methods can include exposing the powder bed to heat at a temperature less than a melting point of the polymer build particles but greater than a melting temperature of the polymer binder particles. The heat causes the polymer binder particles to melt to adhere the polymer build particles together to form a three-dimensional object.

Three-dimensional printing with binder agent

A three-dimensional (3D) object printing kit includes a polymeric material; a fusing agent including at least 5 vol % of a polar solvent; and a detailing agent. The detailing agent includes a non-polar, hydrophobic substance selected from the group consisting of a non-polar, hydrophobic liquid in its liquid state at a temperature ranging from about −80° C. to about 40° C., and a non-polar, hydrophobic wax having a melting temperature less than 120° C.

In an example of a method for three-dimensional printing, a first amount of a binding agent is selectively applied, based on a 3D object model, to individual build material layers of a particulate build material including metal particles to forming an intermediate structure. The binding agent and/or a void-formation agent is selectively applied, based on the 3D object model, to at least one interior layer of the individual build material layers so that a total amount of the binding agent, the void-formation agent, or both the binding agent and the void-formation agent in the at least one of the individual build material layers is greater than the first amount. This patterns an area that is to contain voids. The intermediate structure is heated to form a 3D structure including a void-containing breakable connection.

Described herein are kits, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a kit for three-dimensional printing comprising: powdered metal build material; and a binding fluid comprising a liquid vehicle, metal or metal precursor particles, and latex polymer particles dispersed in the liquid vehicle, wherein the latex polymer particles have an average particle size of from about 10 nm to about 300 nm, and wherein the metal or metal precursor particles comprise metal nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles and a reducing agent, or combinations thereof.

In a three-dimensional (3D) printing method example, a metallic build material is applied. A binder fluid is selectively applied on at least a portion of the metallic build material. The binder fluid includes a liquid vehicle and polymer particles dispersed in the liquid vehicle. The application of the metallic build material and the selective application of the binder fluid are repeated to create a patterned green part. The patterned green part is heated to at about a melting point of the polymer particles to activate the binder fluid and create a cured green part. The cured green part is heated to a thermal decomposition temperature of the polymer particles to create an at least substantially polymer-free gray part. The at least substantially polymer-free gray part is heated to a sintering temperature to form a metallic part.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing

In one example, a non-transitory processor readable medium having instructions thereon that when executed cause an additive manufacturing machine to expose build material to a light source emitting monochromatic light within a band of wavelengths that includes a peak light absorption of a liquid coalescing agent to be dispensed on to the build material.

Lighting for additive manufacturing

Described herein are compositions, methods, and systems for printing metal three-dimensional objects. In an example, described is a method of printing a three-dimensional object comprising: (i) depositing a metal powder build material, wherein the metal powder build material has an average particle size of from about 10 μm to about 250 μm; (ii) selectively applying a binder fluid on at least a portion of the metal powder build material, wherein the binder fluid comprises an aqueous liquid vehicle and latex polymer particles dispersed in the aqueous liquid vehicle; (iii) heating the selectively applied binder fluid on the metal powder build material to a temperature of from about 40° C. to about 180° C.; and (iv) repeating (i), (ii), and (iii) at least one time to form the three-dimensional object.

A multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a wetting agent and a binding agent. The wetting agent can include from 0 wt % to about 49.8 wt % water, from about 0.5 wt % to about 30 wt % film-forming organic solvent that can have a boiling point from greater than about 100° C. to about 350° C., and from about 30 wt % to about 99.5 wt % amphiphilic solvent that can have a boiling point from about 45° C. to less than about 100° C. The amphiphilic solvent can be water-miscible and can be present in the wetting agent at a greater concentration than the water and at a greater concentration than the film-forming solvent. The binding agent can include from about 2 wt % to about 30 wt % of a polymer binder dispersed in an aqueous liquid vehicle.

Three-dimensional printing with wetting agent

In a three-dimensional printing method example, a liquid functional agent is selectively applied. The liquid functional agent includes an alloying agent. A metallic build material is applied. The liquid functional agent is selectively applied before the metallic build material, after the metallic build material, or both before and after the metallic build material. The liquid functional agent patterns the metallic build material to form a composite layer. At least some of the metallic build material is exposed to energy to melt the at least some of the metallic build material to form a layer. Upon contact or after energy exposure, the alloying agent and the build material alter a composition of the composite layer.

This disclosure describes multi-fluid kits for three-dimensional printing, three-dimensional printing kits, and systems for three-dimensional printing. In one example, a multi-fluid kit for three-dimensional printing can include a fusing agent and a detailing agent. The fusing agent can include water and metal oxide nanoparticles dispersed therein. The metal oxide nanoparticles can be selected from titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, indium tin oxide, or a combination thereof. The metal oxide nanoparticles can have an average particle size from about 2 nm to about 500 nm. The detailing agent can include a detailing compound.

Three-dimensional printing with metal oxide nanoparticle fusing agents

Growing community of inventors

Corvallis, OR, United States of America

Vladek P Kasperchik