Nanosphere, Inc.

Northwestern University

Viswanadham Garimella

Yasmith Bernal

Robert L Letsinger

James J Storhoff

Chad A Mirkin

Robert C Mucic

Robert Elghanian

Thomas Andrew Taton

Zhi Li

So-Jung Park

Gang Lu

A method for immobilizing amino-group containing molecules onto surfaces and devices having immobilized isocyanate-group containing molecules prepared by the method are disclosed. The method comprises reacting a surface (i.e., glass surface) having free hydroxyl groups with a silyl isocyanate derivatizing agent to provide immobilized reactive moieties, the agent having a formula:(RO)(RO)(RO)Si&#x2014;X&#x2014;NCOwherein R, Rand Rare independently represents C-Calkyl, phenyl, or aryl substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of C-Calkyl and C-Calkoxy; X represents linear or branched C-Calkyl or aryl substituted with one or more groups selected from the group consisting of C-Calkyl and C-Calkoxy, optionally substituted with one or more heteroatoms comprising oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur and reacting the immobilized reactive moieties with the amino group-containing molecule so as to immobilize said molecule on the surface. Devices having a surface with immobilized molecules such as nucleic acids or proteins are useful for detection of target analytes in a sample.

Method for immobilizing molecules onto surfaces

A method for the efficient immobilization of silylated molecules such as silylated oligonucleotides or proteins onto unmodified surfaces such as a glass surface is provided. Also provided are compounds, devices, and kits for modifying surfaces such as glass surfaces.

Method for attachment of silylated molecules to glass surfaces

The invention provides nanoparticle-bioconjugate probes that are useful for detecting target analytes such as nucleic acids. The probes of the invention are stable towards heat and resistant to displacement by thiol containing compounds such as DTT (dithiothreitol).

Bioconjugate-nanoparticle probes

The invention provides methods of detecting a nucleic acid. The methods comprise contacting the nucleic acid with one or more types of particles having oligonucleotides attached thereto. In one embodiment of the method, the oligonucleotides are attached to nanoparticles and have sequences complementary to portions of the sequence of the nucleic acid. A detectable change (preferably a color change) is brought about as a result of the hybridization of the oligonucleotides on the nanoparticles to the nucleic acid. The invention also provides compositions and kits comprising particles. The invention further provides methods of synthesizing unique nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugates, the conjugates produced by the methods, and methods of using the conjugates. In addition, the invention provides nanomaterials and nanostructures comprising nanoparticles and methods of nanofabrication utilizing nanoparticles. Finally, the invention provides a method of separating a selected nucleic acid from other nucleic acids.

Nanoparticles having oligonucleotides attached thereto and uses therefor

The present invention relates to a method for amplifying a detection signal by enhancing or promoting the deposition of additional silver in assay detection systems where the formation of a silver spot serves as a reporter for the presence of a target molecule, including biological polymers (e.g., proteins and nucleic acids) and small molecules.

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Evanston, IL, United States of America

Viswanadham Garimella