E.i. Dupont De Nemours and Company

Plasma Plus

Praxair Tech. Inc.,

Cabot Performance Material

Vinci Martinez Felix

Barbara Haviland Minor

Allen Capron Sievert

Barry Asher Mahler

Walter John Simmons

Ralph Newton Miller

Oswald Robert Bergmann

William H Gumprecht

Richard H Tietjen

James Arthur Trainham

John Scott Newman

Clarence Garlan Law, Jr

Francisco Jose Freire

Dennie Turin Mah

David Archer Wells

Bruce Arthur Kaiser

Charles C Seastrom

David Richard Corbin

Mark B Shiflett

Richard E Fernandez

Pidatala K Mohan

Kelly D Barton

David L Reichert

Tuneen Chisolm-Carter

Peter L Huesmann

Ram-Tirth Khanna

Norman A Carlson

Wesley Gerald Schindel

Charles E Mosheim

George Paskalov

William Francis McHale

Gonzalo Escobedo

Yong J Park

Vijay Kumar Gupta

Robert Brent Landers

A process for producing a dispersion of a highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer is provided in which a dispersion of a highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer in a first liquid that includes at least 10 wt % of an organic liquid is atomized and released into a heated gas to produce flowable particles of highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer having dry surface/exteriors and an internal residual moisture content of at least 4 wt %. The particles are dispersed in a second liquid to produce a second dispersion of highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer from which proton exchange membranes and electrodes for fuel cells may be produced.

Process for producing dispersions of highly fluorinated polymers

A process for producing flowable and liquid dispersable particles of a highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer is provided in which a dispersion of a highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer in a liquid comprised of at least 10 wt % of an organic liquid is provided, atomized to produce droplets, and released into a inert heated gas. The dispersion droplets dry to produce flowable particles of highly fluorinated ion exchange polymer having dry exterior surfaces and an internal residual moisture content of at least 4 wt %.

Process for producing re-dispersable particles of highly fluorinated polymer

Blends of fluorinated ionomer with at least two nonionomeric fluoropolymers provide fuel cell membranes whose tensile strength and conductivity are superior to blends using a single fluoropolymer.

Membranes of fluorinated ionomer blended with nonionomeric fluoropolymers for electrochemical cells

The present invention relates to the discovery of compositions which include fluoroethane, 2-fluoropropane or tert-butylfluoride. These compositions are useful as pure components or with at least one of tetrafluoroethane, difluoroethane, hexafluoropropane, a hydrocarbon or dimethylether. These compositions are useful as aerosol propellants, refrigerants, cleaning agents, expansion agents for polyolefins and polyurethanes, refrigerants, heat transfer media, gaseous dielectrics, fire extinguishing agents, power cycle working fluids, polymerization media, particulate removal fluids, carrier fluids, buffing abrasive agents, and displacement drying agents.

Azeotrope-like compositions containing fluoroethane

The invention provides for sprayable powder comprising friable granules of agglomerated primary particles of non-fibrillatable fluoropolymer and, optionally, at least one other component, the powder having a bulk density of at least 20 g/100 cc and average particle size of 5 to 100 micrometers. The sprayable powder is preferably free of water immiscible liquid, and more preferably free of halocarbon liquid. Included among the other components are inorganic fillers, pigments, high temperature resistant polymer binders. In another embodiment, the invention provides for a sprayable powder comprising friable granules of agglomerated primary particles of a first non-fibrillatable fluoropolymer and at least one other non-fibrillatable component. The invention further provides for a process for preparing the sprayable powder by spray drying a liquid dispersion. In a preferred embodiment, the process includes densifying the granules of agglomerated primary particles that result from spray drying. Densifying may be carried out by mechanical compaction or by contacting the granules with a heated gas to form a fluidized bed. Optional steps of comminution and heat treatment may be employed to achieve a desired bulk density and particle size for specific applications.

Sprayable powder of non-fibrillatable fluoropolymer

Disclosed are binary azeotrope-like compositions, and uses thereof, of fluoroethane (HFC-161), with hydrofluorocarbons, such as, 2-fluoropropane (HFC-281ea), and 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a), or hydrocarbons, or dimethyl ether.

A method of separating and selectively removing hydrogen contaminant from hydrogen-containing product and by-product process streams is disclosed. Separation and removal occur when certain Cd-exchanged zeolite rho compositions are placed in contact with a hydrogen-containing process stream. A hydrogen-encapsulated zeolite rho composition is formed by practice of the method.

Method of separating and selectively removing hydrogen contaminant from process streams

A method for preparing a scratch and abrasion resistant surface on unroughened aluminum or stainless steel cookware, for subsequent coating with a nonstick polymer resin, such as a fluoropolymer, in a liquid and/or powder medium. The scratch and abrasion resistant surface consists of a thermally sprayed aluminum or stainless steel, respectively. A metal coated substrate produced by this method and an article subsequently coated with a fluoropolymer surface by this method are also described.

Wear resistant non-stick resin coated substrates

A process and a system produces isocyanate and converts anhydrous hydrogen chloride, which is a by-product of isocyanate production, to chlorine gas in an electrochemical cell. The chlorine is recycled to the isocyanate process. Any unreacted anhydrous hydrogen chloride may be recycled to the electrochemical cell. By recycling the anhydrous hydrogen chloride and the chlorine, the process and system are able to reduce the cost of producing isocyanate. In addition, this process and system process eliminate or at least substantially minimize the problems associated with disposal of anhydrous hydrogen chloride by turning it into a useful starting material in the isocyanate process.

Production of isocyanate using chlorine recycle

A process is disclosed for converting hydrogen chloride (HCl) to molecular chlorine (Cl.sub.2) and molecular hydrogen (H.sub.2), and more particularly to such process conducted in a plasma environment.

Producing chlorine and hydrogen from hydrogen chloride by plasma process

A process and a system uses a direct chlorination reactor for producing ethylene dichloride by direct chlorination, without the need for an oxychlorination unit. This ethylene dichloride may be used to make vinyl chloride monomer. In the process for making ethylene dichloride, ethylene and chlorine are both supplied to a direct chlorination reactor. The ethylene reacts with the chlorine to form ethylene dichloride. Chlorine is supplied to the direct chlorination reactor from an electrochemical cell which converts anhydrous hydrogen chloride to dry chlorine gas. This chlorine gas is purified and liquefied to form liquid dry chlorine, and the liquid dry chlorine is recycled to the direct chlorination reactor. The ethylene dichloride may be pyrolyzed to produce vinyl chloride monomer and anhydrous hydrogen chloride.

Production of ethylene dichloride by direct chlorination and production

The invention relates to an electrochemical cell which has an electrode, which may be either an anode or a cathode, and a membrane disposed in contact with one side of the electrode. An anode current bus is disposed on the other side of the anode, and a cathode current bus is disposed on the other side of the cathode. An anode current distributor collects current from the anode current bus and distributes it to the anode by electronic conduction, and a cathode current distributor collects current from the cathode and distributes it to the cathode bus by electronic conduction. The anode or the cathode current distributor is made of a metal which is treated by either nitriding, boriding or carbiding the metal in order to make the metal oxide growth resistant. In particular, the current distributor comprises tantalum that has been nitrided to form Ta.sub.2 N. The current distributor thus provides a barrier between the current bus and the electrode, and the anolyte, catholyte and products of the cell. This is especially important in aggressive environments, such as hydrogen chloride. Thus, the cell of the present invention is particularly useful in converting anhydrous hydrogen halide directly to essentially dry halogen gas, such as anhydrous hydrogen chloride to chlorine gas, or for converting aqueous hydrogen chloride to wet chlorine gas.

Electrochemical cell having an oxide growth resistant current distributor

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Kennett Square, PA, United States of America

Vinci Martinez Felix