Other

Specialty Products Development Corporation

Altus Corporation

Vincent O Catanzarite

Robert W Lynch

An electrochemical cell having an alkali or alkaline metal anode, a cathode or current collector, an electrolyte and an anode neutralizing agent consisting of an inorganic solid positioned contiguous to and in intimate contact with the anode. Said neutralizing agent is nonreactive with all cell components below a predetermined temperature near the melting point of the anode. At or near the melting point of the anode, the agent and anode enter into endothermic or at most mildly exothermic reaction.

Anode neutralization

An electrochemical cell is disclosed herein and includes a casing arrangement which defines a fluid sealed inner compartment and which includes means defining first and second electrically insulated, external terminals. The cell also includes an anode, a cathode and electrolyte located within the compartment for producing a voltage drop across the terminals. The cell efficiency is improved by having a cathode of pure unbindered carbon which is compacted into pellet form and acts as a spring to insure an intimate relationship between anode and cathode throughout the life of the cell.

Cathode structure and method

An electrochemical cell having two electrodes of opposite polarity cooperating with an electrolyte solution to produce an electrical potential there between during normal operation, configured to minimize explosions upon forced discharge or charging by locating at least a portion of one electrode in close proximity to the other electrode such that a low impedance path is created between the two electrode surfaces whereby the quantity of externally imposed current flowing through the main body of the cell is minimized. In a preferred embodiment, portions of the two electrodes have contiguous surfaces spaced from each other by a porous separator material with the surfaces chosen to allow plating dendritic growth from one electrode to the other at potential differences below that at which electrolysis occurs.

Electrochemical cell structure

Electrochemical power cells having a cathode current collector, a combination liquid active cathode depolarizer electrolyte solvent and an anode that forms surface compounds when in intimate contact with the liquid cathode are enhanced by the addition of a passivation limiting film contiguous to said anode. The passivating film is a member of the cyanoacrilate family of organic compounds.

Coating for lithium anode, thionyl chloride active cathode

An electrochemical cell is disclosed herein and includes a casing arrangement which defines a fluid sealed inner compartment and which includes means defining first and second electrically insulated, external terminals. An arrangement of constituents is located within the compartment for producing a voltage drop across the terminals and includes at least one flat electrode and means for attaching the electrode to the terminals.

Electrochemical cell

Electrochemical power cells having a cathode current collector, a combination liquid active cathode depolarizer electrolyte solvent and an anode that forms surface compounds when in intimate contact with the liquid cathode are enhanced by the addition of a passivation limiting film contiguous to said anode.

A self-venting battery is disclosed herein and includes a casing, two terminals and an assembly of components located within the casing for producing a voltage across the terminals. An insulator is provided between and bonded to these terminals for electrically insulating them from one another. This insulator is constructed such that increasing pressure within the casing will cause the insulator to crack a sufficient amount to vent the pressure in the casing before causing the bond between the insulator and terminals to fail.

Self-venting battery

A pyrotechnic powder composition comprising a mixture of an oxidizer compound containing oxygen and a metal selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, lithium, barium, magnesium and calcium, and an oxygen bearing metal organic compound is used for inflating a passenger restraint bag for an automobile. The compounds are selected so that a stoichiometric reaction between the oxidizer and the oxygen bearing metal organic compound yields carbon dioxide and water vapor and at least a binary mixture of metal salts having a melting point substantially below the melting point of any of the resultant metal salts alone, and having net heat of reaction less than about 1,000 calories per gram of pyrotechnic composition. One preferred composition comprises about 35% sodium formate and 65% potassium chlorate, for example. When these react the low melting slag of potassium chloride and sodium oxide collects on cooler surfaces of the gas generator thereby reducing heat input to the inflatable bag and substantially preventing formation of smoke.

Method of inflating an automobile passenger restraint bag

A hybrid system is described for inflating an automobile passenger restraint bag. Part of the gas for inflating the bag is stored in a high pressure gas reservoir. Another portion is generated by combustion of a pyrotechnic mixture. In a preferred embodiment the gas storage cylinder and pyrotechnic generator are coaxial with an axial gas flow passage through the pyrotechnic generator for collecting and conveying gas. A frangible diaphragm separates the pyrotechnic gas generator from the high pressure gas storage vessel. The gas generator has four compartments surrounding the gas flow passage, each containing a pyrotechnic gas generator grain. Combustion gas flows from one of these compartments through another and thence to the axial gas passage. In each embodiment the two inflation gas sources are in series with the inflatable bag rather than in parallel with each other.

Growing community of inventors

Las Vegas, NV, United States of America

Vincent O Catanzarite