Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc.

Viktor Balema

Vitalij K Pecharsky

Ihor Hlova

Arjun K Pathak

Marek Pruski

Duane D Johnson

Oleksandr Dolotko

Prashant Singh

Sonal Padalkar

Tian Lan

Jerzy W Wiench

Yaroslav Mudryk

Anis Biswas

Henrique Neves Bez

Nikolai A Zarkevich

A cathode is provided for electrolysis of water wherein the cathode material comprises a multi-principal element, transition metal dichalcogenide material that has four or more chemical elements and that is a single phase, solid solution. The pristine cathode material does not contain platinum as a principal (major) component. However, a cathode comprising a transition metal dichalcogenide having platinum (Pt) nanosized islands or precipitates disposed thereon is also provided.

Electrocatalyst for water electrolysis

A method embodiment involves preparing single metal or mixed transition metal chalcogenide using exfoliation of two or more different bulk transition metal dichalcogenides in a manner to form an intermediate hetero-layered transition metal chalcogenide structure, which can be treated to provide a single-phase transition metal chalcogenide.

Preparation of metal chalcogenides

A method is provided of making a magnetocaloric alloy composition comprising Ni, Co, Mn, and Ti, which preferably includes certain beneficial substitutional elements, by melting the composition and rapidly solidifying the melted composition at a cooling rate of at least 100 K/second (Kelvin/second) to improve a magnetocaloric property of the composition. The rapidly solidified composition can be heat treated to homogenize the composition and annealed to tune the magneto-structural transition for use in a regenerator.

Highly tunable, inexpensive and easily fabricated magnetocaloric materials

Certain method embodiments are described and useful for recycling permanent magnet materials (e.g. permanent magnet alloys) and battery materials (e.g. battery electrode materials) to extract critical and/or valuable elements including REEs, Co and Ni. Method embodiments involve reacting such material with at least one of an ammonium salt and an iron (III) salt to achieve at least one of a liquid phase chemical reaction and a mechanochemical reaction.

Chemical dismantling of permanent magnet material and battery material

The present invention provides a method of preparing a phosphonium salt of the formula [RRRP&#x2014;CRRR]X, comprising ball-milling a phosphine of the formula RRRP with a compound of the formula XCRRR; a method of preparing a phosphorus ylide of the formula RRRP&#x2550;CRR, comprising ball-milling a phosphonium salt of the formula [RRRP&#x2014;HCRR]X in the presence of a base; and a method of preparing an olefin of the formula RRC&#x2550;CRH or RRC&#x2550;CRR, comprising ball-milling a phosphorus ylide of the formula RRRP&#x2550;CRRwith a compound of the formula RC(O)H or RC(O)R. The inventive method produces phosphonium salts and phosphorus ylides by mechanical processing solid reagents under solvent-free conditions. The advantages of the present invention over conventional solution methods, include: (1) extremely high selectivity; (2) high yields; (3) low processing temperatures; (4) simple and scalable reactions using commercially available equipment; and (5) the complete elimination of solvents from the reaction.

Solvent-free mechanochemical preparation of phosphonium salts, phosphorus ylides, and olefins

The present invention provides a cost-effective method of producing pure hydrogen gas from hydride-based solid materials. The hydride-based solid material is mechanically processed in the presence of a catalyst to obtain pure gaseous hydrogen. Unlike previous methods, hydrogen may be obtained from the solid material without heating, and without the addition of a solvent during processing. The described method of hydrogen production is useful for energy conversion and production technologies that consume pure gaseous hydrogen as a fuel.

Method of production of pure hydrogen near room temperature from aluminum-based hydride materials

The present invention provides a method of preparing a phosphonium salt of the formula &lsqb;R R R P&mdash;CR R R &rsqb;X, comprising ball-milling a phosphine of the formula R R R P with a compound of the formula XCR R R ; a method of preparing a phosphorus ylide of the formula R R R P&boxH;CR R , comprising ball-milling a phosphonium salt of the formula &lsqb;R R R P&mdash;HCR R &rsqb;X in the presence of a base; and a method of preparing an olefin of the formula R R C&boxH;CR H or R R C&boxH;CR R , comprising ball-milling a phosphorus ylide of the formula R R R P&boxH;CR R with a compound of the formula R C(O)H or R C(O)R . The inventive method produces phosphonium salts and phosphorus ylides by mechanical processing solid reagents under solvent-free conditions. The advantages of the present invention over conventional solution methods, include: (1) extremely high selectivity; (2) high yields; (3) low processing temperatures; (4) simple and scalable reactions using commercially available equipment; and (5) the complete elimination of solvents from the reaction.

Growing community of inventors

Ames, IA, United States of America

Viktor Balema