Lucent Technologies Inc.

At&t Bell Laboratories

Agere Systems Guardian Corp.

Other

At+t Corp.

Fitel USA Corporation

Amax Incorporated

Valerie Jeanne Kuck

Mark Anthony Paczkowski

Peter Gerald Simpkins

Arturo Hale

Edwin Arthur Chandross

Howard Edan Katz

Marcia Lea Schilling

Zhenan Bao

Daryl Inniss

Debra A Simoff

Robert LeRoy Decker

Charles Joseph Aloisio

Richard Tobias Olsson

Hakan Tornqvist

Maureen Gillen Chan

Joseph Shmulovich

Francis Michael Houlihan

Christi Kay Madsen

Carl Raymond Taylor

Lee L Blyler

Robert M Atkins

Lloyd Shepherd

Raffaele A Sabia

Edward J Laskowski

Ralph E Taylor-Smith

Ronald Edward Scotti

John F Malluck

Arthur Clifford Hart, Jr

Stanley Kaufman

Priya L Tabaddor

Xina Shu-Wen Quan

Fred W Moore

George A Tsigdinos

Christoph Georg Erben

Darryl Leneir Brownlow

Yussuf Sultan Ali

Edward Dennis Nelson

Kent B Connole

Karen D Dye

Jennifer Aspell

Emanuele Scalco

Timothy S Dougherty

Leonard D Loan, Deceased

Jerry Rodolfo Bautista

An organic field effect transistor (FET) is described with an active dielectric layer comprising a low-temperature cured dielectric film of a liquid-deposited silsesquioxane precursor. The dielectric film comprises a silsesquioxane having a dielectric constant of greater than 2. The silsesquioxane dielectric film is advantageously prepared by curing oligomers having alkyl(methyl) and/or alkyl(methyl) pendant groups. The invention also embraces a process for making an organic FET comprising providing a substrate suitable for an organic FET; applying a liquid-phase solution of silsesquioxane precursors over the surface of the substrate; and curing the solution to form a silsesquioxane active dielectric layer. The organic FET thus produced has a high-dielectric, silsesquioxane film with a dielectric constant of greater than about 2, and advantageously, the substrate comprises an indium-tin oxide coated plastic substrate.

Organic semiconductor device having an active dielectric layer comprising silsesquioxanes

The present invention provides a waveguide, a method of manufacture therefore, and an optical communications system including an optical device comprising the waveguide. The waveguide may comprise a substrate, a planar waveguide core located over the substrate and a cladding layer located adjacent the planar waveguide core, the cladding layer comprising a silsesquioxane oligomer.

Waveguide and applications therefor

A process for forming a composition includes providing a liquid mixture that includes silicone oligomers and silsesquioxane oligomers and curing the liquid mixture to form a composition of first and second polymers. The first polymer includes the silsesquioxane oligomers cross-linked by siloxane bonds. The second polymer includes a cross-linked network formed in part of the silicone oligomers.

Adherent silicones

Making a polymer-clad optical fiber comprising a step of determining at a plurality of temperatures the delamination resistance of the polymer coating from fiber. The delamination resistance at ambient temperature can be compared with a predetermined target value for delamination resistance in use. The delamination resistance at elevated temperature can be compared with a predetermined lower target value for ease of strippability. Coated optical fiber having delamination resistances outside the predetermined ranges will typically be rejected.

Method of making a coated optical fiber comprising measuring the delamination resistance of the coating at two different temperatures

This invention is predicated upon applicants' discovery that UV-induced gratings can be formed through polymer coatings that include conjugated double bonds and aromatic moieties. Coatings with low concentrations of aromatic-containing free-radical photoinitiators provide both reasonable curing speeds and sufficient transparency that gratings can be written through them. Moreover some of these aromatic-containing free-radical photoinitiators act synergistically with non-aromatic ketone photoinitiators. Advantageous aromatic-containing free-radical photoinitiator concentrations are in the range 0.01%-0.1% and preferably in the range 0.02% to 0.05%. Advantageous polymer coatings are acrylate-based coatings.

Formation of gratings in optical fibers coated with UV-curable polymer

A process for fabricating a MEMS device is disclosed. The device has at least one hinged element. The MEMS device including the hinged element is delineated and defined on a semiconductor substrate. The substrate is placed device side down in a chamber. The MEMS device is then exposed to a release expedient for sufficient amount of time for the release expedient to dissolve a sacrificial material connecting the element to the substrate. Upon the dissolution of the sacrificial material, the element is released from the substrate and pivots away from the surface.

Process for fabricating micromechanical devices

In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber is provided with a protective polymer coating that is substantially free (less than 0.1% by weight and preferably 0%) of adhesion promoters and coupling agents. Advantageously, in lieu of adhesion promoters, the primary polymer coating formulation is provided with an additive which will covalently bond with the fiber but not with the primary polymer.

Coated optical fiber with enhanced delamination resistance and thermally enhanced strippability

An improved photorecording medium suitable for use in holographic storage systems contains a glassy hybrid inorganic-organic, three dimensional matrix, in which is distributed a photoimageable system comprising one or more photoactive, organic monomers. The medium is fabricated by providing a precursor of the hybrid inorganic-organic matrix, mixing the matrix precursor with the photoimageable system, and curing the matrix precursor to form the matrix in situ. The matrix and photoimageable system exhibit independent chemistries, such that the step of matrix formation does not substantially affect the photoimageable system. The hybrid matrix precursor is typically an oligomer derived from a compound represented by R,M(OR&prime;),, where M is a metallic element having a valence of three or higher, such as silicon, titanium, germanium, zirconium, vanadium, or aluminum, R is an alkyl or aryl, R&prime; is a lower alkyl, and n ranges from 1 to 2. The hybrid nature of the matrix material provides several advantages. The inorganic character offers thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability, and also reduces both the bulk viscoelastic creep and the bulk polymerization-induced shrinkage typically exhibited by media utilizing organic polymer matrices. The organic character provides compatibility between the matrix precursor and the organic components (e.g., the photoactive monomer) of the photoimageable system, allowing homogeneous mixing during fabrication of the medium. The organic moieties also offer some flexibility to the matrix, and, it appears, ease diffusion of the photoactive monomer within the matrix during exposure, thereby improving the process of storing data.

Photorecording medium and process for forming medium

An improved siloxane-based composition for use as a low &kgr; dielectric material in integrated circuit applications is provided, the composition exhibiting desirable thermal mechanical stability compared to conventional siloxane-based low-&kgr; compositions. Specifically, the invention provides a modified methylsilsesquioxane composition suitable for higher temperature applications than a composition formed from only methylsilsesquioxane. The modified oligomer is characterized by the pendant group ratio A:B:C, where A represents the percentage of pendant groups that are methyl and is about 13 to about 67, B represents the percentage of pendant groups that are dimethyl and is greater than 0 to about 33, and C represents the percentage of pendant groups that are phenyl and is greater than 0 to about 67. The presence of dimethyl and phenyl pendant groups provides a molecular structure that has improved crack-resistance compared to an all-methyl silsesquioxane. Advantageously, the modified methylsilsesquioxane oligomer is fabricated by a particular technique, involving mixing methyltriethoxysilane monomer, before hydrolysis and condensation, with dimethyldiethoxysilane monomer that has already been partially hydrolyzed and condensed. This technique further improves the thermal mechanical stability of the resultant cured material. For low &kgr; integrated circuit application, a pore generator material is advantageously used to provide a porous final structure.

Method for coating an article with a ladder siloxane polymer and coated article

In accordance with the invention, an optical fiber is provided with a protective coating having enhanced thermal characteristics for easy removal from the optical fiber. In particular, at elevated temperatures used in stripping, the delamination resistance drops to low levels substantially independent of modulus. This permits fabrication of a protectively coated fiber which has relatively high modulus and delamination resistance at room temperature but, due to its enhanced thermal characteristics, is nonetheless relatively easy to strip at elevated temperatures. Thus, for example, applicants can provide a protectively coated optical fiber or ribbon with a room temperature modulus of at least 90 psi, and a high temperature delamination resistance that is less than 40% of the room-temperature delamination resistance and preferably less than 30%. Coatings based on a polyether backbone and non-polar monomers are preferred.

Coated optical fiber with increased modulus and thermally enhanced strippability

An optical fiber &lsqb;,&rsqb; having protective coating materials &lsqb;,&rsqb;, which surround an elongated strand of glass &lsqb;,&rsqb;, is designed for improved strippability. Preferably, the optical fiber includes two layers (primary and secondary) of radiation-cured polymeric materials surrounding the glass fiber. The primary layer has an equilibrium (in-situ) modulus that resides within the range 120 to 500 psi. Additionally, the primary coating has a pull-out force (adhesion) that is less than 1.2 pounds per centimeter of length (lb/cm), and preferably resides within the range 0.5 to 1.0 lb/cm. It has been found that by increasing the equilibrium modulus, delamination resistance is increased. This has allowed designers to decrease pull-out force while maintaining a suitable delamination resistance. As a result, coating materials can now be stripped away from a glass fiber with little or no residue. This is particularly important in situations where a group of such fibers are bound together in an array &lsqb;,&rsqb; by a matrix bonding material &lsqb;

Coated optical fiber with improved strippability

A method for high velocity coating optical fibers includes passing a fiber with diameter l at velocity V through a coating container to which liquid coating material with viscosity .mu. is supplied under pressure p. Unwanted bubble formation in the coating is prevented by adjusting one or more of the parameters V, l, .mu., and p using the relationship:

Bubble prevention in coating of filaments

The thermo-optically controlled optical couplers wherein the coupling region between the waveguides in the coupling section is filled with a material having a high dependence of refractive index on temperature thus making the thermo-optic control means more efficient and allowing a greater range of adjustment in the coupling coefficient for a given temperature change.

Tunable directional optical waveguide couplers

The invention provides a method for coating an article with a siloxane-based coating composition that results in a coating with high thermal mechanical stability, the method also allowing commercially acceptable speeds to be employed while inhibiting beading of the coating prior to cure. In one embodiment, an article is coated with a composition containing a first methylsilsequioxane oligomer having an initial viscosity of about 2000 cp or less, a second methylsilsequioxane oligomer having an initial viscosity of about 40,000 to about 90,000 cp, a viscosity-lowering additive of a lower aliphatic ketone, and a catalyst. In another embodiment, the invention provides a method for coating an article with a modified methylsilsequioxane coating suitable for higher temperature applications than an all-methyl coating. This embodiment involves coating an article with a composition comprising an oligomer characterized by A:B:C, where A represents the number of methyl pendant groups in the oligomer and is about 13 to about 67, B represents dimethyl pendant groups and is about 0 to about 33, and C represents phenyl pendant groups and is about 10 to about 80, a lower aliphatic ketone viscosity-lowering additive, and a catalyst of a moderately strong protic acid. In a third embodiment, it is possible to attain an even higher temperature coating. The method involves a step of applying a coating containing modified methylsilsequioxane oligomer that was prepared by mixing methyltriethoxysilane monomer with dimethyldiethoxysilane monomer that has already been partially hydrolyzed and oligomerized.

Method for coating an article with a ladder siloxane polymer and coated

Growing community of inventors

Upper Montclair, NJ, United States of America

Valerie Jeanne Kuck