Basf Aktiengesellschaft

Badische Anilin- & Soda-fabrik Aktiengesellschaft

Ulrich Lebert

Richard Krabetz

Heinz Engelbach

Gerd Duembgen

Fritz Thiessen

Carl-Heinz Willersinn

Walter Frey

Peter Horn

Matthias Schwarzmann

Matthias Marx

Walter Heckmann

Anton Hesse

Thomas Anstock

Walter Himmel

Alfred Guthmann

Ansgar Eisenbeis

Heinz Dreyer

Hermann Spitzl

Medicinal white oils and medicinal paraffins are prepared from petroleum fractions containing aromatics and nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur compounds, e.g. light and heavy atmospheric gas oils, vacuum gas oils and residues, which have been pretreated in a first stage by acid treatment or catalytic hydrogenation, by hydrogenation in a second stage over a nickel-containing catalyst under from 50 to 200 bar and at elevated temperatures, by a process in which the catalyst used in the second stage and present in the oxide form is reduced with a hydrogen-containing gas, passivated and then again activated with hydrogen, before the hydrogenation to medicinal white oils or paraffins is carried out.

Preparation of medicinal white oils and medicinal paraffins

The subject invention relates to storage stable dispersions comprising certain aromatic polyesters dispersed in certain polyhydroxyl compounds and their process of preparation. The dispersions are useful for the preparation of polymers containing urethane and/or isocyanurate linkages.

Storage stable dispersions of aromatic polyesters in polyhydroxyl

In the oxidation of propylene and/or acrolein, high-boiling or non-volatile byproducts are separated from the solvents used for absorbing the acrylic acid by treating the said solvents laden with byproducts with the hot reaction gases in such amounts that the major portion of the solvents evaporates, the residual solvent containing a high percentage of said byproducts then being discarded or worked up.

Method of separating high-boiling or non-volatile materials

In the oxidation of .alpha.-olefins in the gas phase to .alpha.,.beta.-olefinically unsaturated aldehydes and carboxylic acids with molecular oxygen in the presence of an inert gas using a catalyst containing molybdenum and bismuth with elements as oxides or mixed oxides at from 280.degree. to 450.degree. C a content of indium and/or aluminum and/or lanthanum and/or gallium as oxide or mixed oxide results in an improvement in the conversion and/or activity and/or life of the catalyst.

Catalytic oxidation of .alpha.-olefins

In the oxidation of propylene to acrylic acid in the gas phase in two spatially separate oxidation stages, a part of the off-gas, which has been freed from condensable products, is fed to the oxidation stages in addition to freshly charged propylene and air, under the following conditions: A. The recycled off-gas and air are in part fed to the first oxidation stage and in part to the second oxidation stage, B. The molar ratio of propylene : oxygen : residual gases fed to the first stage is 1 : 1.5-2.3 : 11-19, C. The molar ratio of the total propylene fed in, to the total oxygen fed in, in the form of air or off-gas, before and after the first stage, and to the total residual gases fed in is 1 : 1.9-2.5 : 13-25, with the proviso that D. The air and the recycled off-gas are divided between the two feed points in such a way that from 10 to 50% by volume of the total quantity of air and off-gas fed in are added after the first stage and E. The air and off-gas are admixed to the reaction gas mixture after the first stage, immediately after it leaves the catalyst zone, so that the mixture is rapidly cooled to a temperature of from 150.degree. to 320.degree. C.

Manufacture of acrylic acid by oxidation of propylene with

Acrylic acid practically devoid of water, acrolein, formaldehyde and acetic acid is obtained at particularly low cost by countercurrent scrubbing and quenching of the reaction gas formed in the catalytic oxidation of propylene and/or acrolein with a high-boiling, extremely hydrophobic solvent followed by processing of the extract.

Recovering anhydrous acrylic acid

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Ludwigshafen, Germany

Ulrich Lebert