Apple Inc.

Redox Biomedical, Inc.

Ueyn L Block

Guocheng Shao

Vivek Venugopal

Paul David Mannheimer

Brian Richards Land

Mathieu Charbonneau-Lefort

Tobias J Harrison-Noonan

Nevzat Akin Kestelli

Serhan O Isikman

Adam Thomas Clavelle

Chin San Han

Xiyu Duan

Albert E Cerussi

Nicholas P Allec

Dale N Memering

Maegan K Spencer

Albert Wang

Nicholas Paul Joseph Allec

Jaden A Barney

Justin Shi

Maximillian C Bruggeman

Itaru L Hiromi

Erik G De Jong

Rudolf J Hofmeister

Michael Benjamin Wittenberg

Jean-Pierre Simon Guillou

Donald Arthur Ice

James R Wilson

David I Nazzaro

Christopher D Jones

Jan Lipson

Richard A Ruh

Stephen J Waydo

Sascha Hallstein

Rui L Peterson

Devon K Copeland

Jacky G Ko

Matthieu Charbonneau-Lefort

An electronic device including optical sensing with a concentric architecture and methods for operation thereof is disclosed. The concentric architecture can include light detector(s) arranged in a concentric manner around light emitter(s). In some examples, at least one light emitter can be located in the center of the device, and each light detector can be located the same separation distance from the light emitter. Each light detector can be arranged such that the separation distance from the centrally located light emitter can be greater than the separation distance from another light emitter. Examples of the disclosure further include a selective transparent layer overlaying the light detector(s). The selective transparent layer can include section(s) transparent to a first wavelength range and non-transparent to a second wavelength ranges. In some examples, the selective transparent layer can further include section(s) transparent to the second wavelength range.

Concentric architecture for optical sensing

An electronic device may have image transport layer material such as coherent fiber bundle material or Anderson localization material. The image transport layer material may overlap optical components. Optical sensor components can emit and/or detect light passing through the image transport layer material. Optical components such as light-emitting diodes may emit light through image transport layers. An image from a display may pass through an image transport layer. Infrared light-emitting diodes, infrared photodetectors, and/or other optical sensor components may be used to form a two-dimensional optical touch sensor that is configured to gather touch input from an external object such as a finger of a user. The optical touch sensor may operate through an image transport layer.

Electronic devices with optical sensor isolation

An electronic device can include a housing defining an aperture, and an electromagnetic radiation emitter and an electromagnetic radiation detector disposed in the housing. An optical component can be disposed in the aperture and can include a first region of a first material having a first index of refraction, the first region aligned with the electromagnetic radiation emitter, a second region of the first material, the second region aligned with the electromagnetic radiation detector, and a bulk region surrounding a periphery of the first region and a periphery of the second region, the bulk region including a second material having a second index of refraction that is lower than the first index of refraction.

Optical components for electronic devices

An electronic device includes a device body having a back surface, a band configured to fasten the device body to a user with the back surface facing a body part of the user, an optical sensor system, and a device removal detector. The optical sensor system has a first optical measurement path and a second optical measurement path. The first optical measurement path has a first optical path length that differs from a second optical path length of the second optical measurement path. The device removal detector is configured to generate a device removal indication responsive to either of, a first set of object proximity measurements received from the optical sensor system for the first optical measurement path, or a second set of object proximity measurements received from the optical sensor system for the second optical measurement path.

Device removal indication using different object proximity thresholds

Disclosed herein are electronic devices, detectors, systems, and methods for estimating a distance to an exterior object. Light pulses from an emitter on the electronic device or detector are received by at least one pair of light detectors positioned at different distances from the emitter. One or more ratios of strengths of signals of the light detectors are used to determine the object's distance. The ratios may be compared to a proximity curve to obtain the object's distance. If the ratio exceeds a critical distance value, a determination may be made that the exterior object has been separated from the electronic device. Wearable electronic devices, such as smart watches, may use the detectors, systems, and methods to determine if a user is wearing the electronic device.

Multi-pathway distance measurements for optical sensors

A wearable device is described. The wearable device includes a housing having a back cover, and an optical mask on first portions of the back cover. The back cover includes a set of windows, with a first subset of windows in the set of windows being defined by an absence of the optical mask on second portions of the back cover, and a second subset of windows in the set of windows being inset in a set of openings in the back cover. An optical barrier surrounds each window in the second subset of windows. A set of light emitters is configured to emit light through at least some of the windows in the set of windows. A set of light detectors is configured to receive light through at least some of the windows in the set of windows.

Physiological monitoring system for measuring oxygen saturation

A photoplethysmographic (PPG) device is disclosed. The PPG device can include one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors to generate the multiple light paths for measuring a PPG signal and perfusion indices of a user. The multiple light paths between each pair of light emitters and light detectors can include different separation distances to generate both an accurate PPG signal and a perfusion index value to accommodate a variety of users and usage conditions. In some examples, the multiple light paths can include the same separation distances for noise cancellation due to artifacts resulting from, for example, tilt and/or pull of the device, a user's hair, a user's skin pigmentation, and/or motion. The PPG device can further include one or more lenses and/or reflectors to increase the signal strength and/or and to obscure the optical components and associated wiring from being visible to a user's eye.

Multiple light paths architecture and obscuration methods for signal and perfusion index optimization

An integrated window for a photosensor for use in an electronic device has first and second transparent regions separated by an opaque region. The first transparent region allows a transmitter to emit light out of the housing of the electronic device and the second transparent region allows a receiver to receive light through the housing. The opaque region is disposed between the first and second transparent regions to isolate them from one another such that the transmitted light is isolated from the received light.

Sensor window with integrated isolation feature

Disclosed herein is an electronic device including an optical sensing unit for distinguishing between a user's body and an object. The optical sensing unit can include a plurality of light detectors, a plurality of first light emitters, and a plurality of second light emitters. The plurality of first light emitters can measure physiological information of the user, and the plurality of second light emitters can measure a state of the device. The device can include one or more optical components, which can allow the plurality of second light emitters to emit first light towards the strap attached to the device and second light towards the edges of the device.

Systems and methods for distinguishing between a user and an object

A wearable device includes a housing; a wrist band attached to the housing; first and second emitters positioned within the housing and configured to respectively emit, through a back of the housing, a first beam of electromagnetic radiation having a first infrared (IR) wavelength and a second beam of electromagnetic radiation having a second IR wavelength. The second IR wavelength is different from the first IR wavelength. The wearable device also includes a photodetector positioned within the housing and filtered to detect a set of electromagnetic radiation wavelengths including the first IR wavelength and the second IR wavelength; and a matter differentiation circuit configured to indicate, at least partly in response to signals indicating amounts of the first IR wavelength and the second IR wavelength received by the photodetector, whether the back of the housing is likely proximate to human tissue.

Devices having matter differentiation detectors

This relates to an electronic device configured for optical sensing having shared windows and including light restriction designs. The light restriction designs can include one or more of optical layers, optical films, lenses, and window systems configured to reduce or eliminate crosstalk between optical components. A plurality of accepting sections and a plurality of blocking sections can be employed to selectively allow light having an angle of incidence within one or more acceptance viewing angles and block light with angles of incidence outside of the acceptance viewing angles. In some examples, the light restriction designs can include variations in optical and structural properties can allow the light restriction designs to have spatially varying acceptance angles. Variations in structural properties can include, but are not limited to, differences in widths, heights, and/or tilts of the accepting sections and/or blocking sections.

Light restriction designs in optical sensing applications having shared windows

An electronic device can include a housing that includes an optically transparent component. First and second light emitters can be positioned in the internal volume defined by the housing. A light detector can be positioned in the internal volume and can be optically isolated from the first and second light emitters within the internal volume. An opaque material can be disposed on the optically transparent component and can be positioned to inhibit light emitted from the second light emitter from reaching the light detector and to allow light emitted from the first light emitter to reach the light detector.

Electronic optical sensing device

Growing community of inventors

Menlo Park, CA, United States of America

Ueyn L Block