Ricoh Company, Ltd.

Tsutoh Aoyama

Toshiaki Masuda

Masaki Kato

Masaru Shinkai

Takahiko Kuroda

Kanshi Abe

Keiji Ueda

Masahiro Ishimori

Manabu Nishimura

A liquid discharge head includes: a nozzle plate having a nozzle from which a liquid is to be discharged in a discharge direction, the nozzle having a cylindrical hole having periodical convex portions and concave portions on a sidewall of the nozzle in the discharge direction, a diameter of an outermost portion of the nozzle in the discharge direction being smaller than an average diameter of minimum values and maximum values of diameters of the cylindrical shape. The average diameter is obtained by: Average diameter=(Sum of minimum values+Sum of maximum values)/(Count of minimum values+Count of maximum values).

Liquid discharge head, liquid discharge device, liquid discharge apparatus, and method for manufacturing liquid discharge head

A liquid discharge head includes a plurality of nozzles to discharge a liquid, a plurality of pressure chambers communicating with the plurality of nozzles, respectively, a plurality of individual supply channels communicating with the plurality of pressure chambers, respectively, a plurality of common-supply branch channels each having a side face and a bottom face and communicating with two or more of the plurality of individual supply channels, respectively, and a common-supply main channel communicating with the plurality of common-supply branch channels. The plurality of common-supply branch channels includes a curved portion on a corner between the side face and the bottom face of each of the plurality of common-supply branch channels along a direction of liquid flow in the plurality of common-supply branch channels.

Liquid discharge head, head module, liquid discharge device, and liquid discharge apparatus

An electromechanical transducer includes a first electrode mounted on one of a substrate and a base film, an electromechanical transducer film mounted on the first electrode and made of a piezoelectric substance having a perovskite crystal structure, and a second electrode mounted on the electromechanical transducer film. The electromechanical transducer film includes a {100} plane preferentially oriented to be orthogonal to a thickness direction of the electromechanical transducer film and has a full width at half maximum corresponding to a {200} plane in an X-ray diffraction measurement curve in 2&#x3b8;-&#x3c9; scan that is measured by emitting an X-ray beam onto a surface of the electromechanical transducer film at an incident angle &#x3b8;. The full width at half maximum is not greater than 10 degrees.

Electromechanical transducer, droplet ejection head, and method for manufacturing electromechanical transducer

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Kanagawa, Japan

Tsutoh Aoyama