Albemarle Corporation

Ethyl Corporation

Dentsply International Inc.

Albermarle Corporation

Tse-Chong Wu

W Dirk Klobucar

Kannappan C Chockalingam

Thanikavelu Manimaran

Arcelio J Malcolm

R Carl Herndon, Jr

Gary D Focht

Augusto Caesar Ibay

Joseph Morgan O'Day

Charles H Kolich

Ronny W Lin

Robert H Allen

William J Layman, Jr

K Pushpananda Senaratne

Eric Lee Williams

Kenneth S Peterson

Zhongxin Ge

Felix M Orihuela

Yunqi Liu

Thorsten W Brockmann

Gary D Heidebrecht

James M Sherman

Ranjit K Roy

Joseph D McLean

Yaping Zhong

Kannappan C Chockalingham

Sascha Joerg Welz

Augusto C Ibay

Connie Chilcott

Charles D Varnado, Jr

Mark Timothy Bennett

This invention provides nonaqueous electrolyte solutions for lithium batteries. The nonaqueous electrolyte solutions comprise a liquid electrolyte medium; a lithium-containing salt; 4-bromomethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, and at least one electrochemical additive.

Flame retardants for battery electrolytes

The disclosure includes brominated alkenyl alcohols, their use as a flame retardant in polyurethane and polyurethane foams, and polyurethanes containing the brominated alkenyl alcohols. Compositions, methods, and processes are disclosed. The brominated alkenyl alcohols used as flame retardants in polyurethanes can be generally described by Formula (I), the scope of which is disclosed herein.

Brominated flame retardants and polyurethanes containing the same

This invention provides polyurethane foams containing a brominated flame retardant. Also provided are formulations and methods for preparing polyurethane foams containing a brominated flame retardant.

Brominated flame retardant and its application in polyurethane foams

The present invention is a process for preparing a 4-alkylbenzaldehyde (para-alkylbenzaldehyde). An alkylbenzene, solvated in a solvent comprising at least one aliphatic solvent having in the range of 3 to 15 carbons, is reacted with carbon monoxide, in the presence of an aluminum halide and a hydrogen halide acid. Disproportionation is reduced and proportion of para-alkyl-benzaldehyde is increased with respect to other methods.

Production of para-propylbenzaldehyde

Roflumilast and new key intermediates therefor are prepared by processes involving use of carbonylation technology. Good overall yields can be achieved using available starting materials. The starting material for the process can be catechol, an o-R -phenol, an o-R -p-X-phenol, or a 1-X-3-R -4-R -benzene, where R , is a C alkoxy, C cycloalkoxy, C cycloalkylmethoxy, or benzyloxy group, or a C alkoxy group which is completely or partially substituted by fluorine; R is a C alkoxy group which is completely or partially substituted by fluorine; and X is Cl, Br, or I.

Process for production of fluoroalkoxy-substituted benzamides and their intermediates

An oral prophalaxis paste includes a preselected grade and amount of abrasive material such as pumice clay or diatimoceous earth. The abrasive material is moistened with water and a moisture retention agent such as glycerin is included. A curing system is employed, such as using sodium silicate and methyl salicylate. The formulation provides antimicrobial properties by the inclusion of triclosan.

Oral prophalaxis paste

A mixture formed from an aromatic substituted alcohol and/or an aromatic substituted alkyl halide, and a copper-free palladium catalyst is carbonylated with carbon monoxide. Extremely high yields of the desired alpha-substituted carboxylic acid can be obtained in very short reaction periods by use of a palladium catalyst that is formed from a palladium compound with a valence of zero to two and a cycloalkyldiarylphosphine ligand, such as neomenthyldiphenylphosphine.

Palladium catalyzed carbonylation process utilizing aromatic substituted alcohols and/or aromatic substituted alkyl halides

A process of producing benzoic acids from phthalimides is described. The ability to dramatically reduce the reaction time in comparison to currently practiced processes by the addition of readily available compounds is demonstrated.

Process for making benzoic acids

Palladium-catalyzed arylation of an olefin (e.g., ethylene) with an aromatic halide (e.g., 2-bromo-6-methoxynaphthalene, m-bromobenzophenone, or 4-isobutyl-1-bromobenzene) is conducted in specified media. After a special acid or base phase separation procedure, palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of the olefinically-substituted aromatic intermediate is conducted in specified media using CO and water or an alcohol to form arylalkylcarboxylic acid or ester or substituted arylalkylcarboxylic acid or ester (e.g., racemic 2-(6-methoxy-2-naphthyl)propionic acid, 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propionic acid, or 2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid). Catalyst recovery procedures enabling recycle of catalyst residues and efficient recovery of amine hydrogen halide scavenger and solvent used in the arylation reaction are described, as well as novel, highly efficient methods of conducting the carbonylation reaction. The technology is economical and suitable for use on an industrial scale whereby reaction mixtures can be efficiently separated into the desired component mixtures without need for excessive capital investment or tedious, time-consuming operations. High yields of high purity products can be achieved.

Preparation of carboxylic compounds and their derivatives

Arylolefinic compounds are prepared by reacting aryl halide with an olefinic compound in the presence of a polar liquid reaction medium containing (a) secondary or tertiary amine as a hydrogen halide acceptor (b) a catalyst system formed from (i) Pd or Pd(0) compound, and/or Pd(I) salt or Pd(II) salt, and (ii) a tertiary phosphine ligand, and (c) a reaction accelerating amount of water in the range of about 0.5 to about 5 weight percent of the total weight of the reaction mixture. The arylolefinic compounds can be converted to an arylcarboxylic acid by hydrocarboxylation with CO in a reaction medium freed of amine and containing water and a Pd catalyst system as above in which a copper component may be included, and which preferably includes an ether such as THF.

Preparation of olefinic compounds and carboxylic derivatives thereof

A process for the purification of crude neomenthyldiphenylphosphine, the process comprising crystallizing the crude neomenthyldiphenylphosphine using a solvent consisting essentially of methanol. The process provides for the unexpectedly efficient production of neomenthyldiphenylphosphine having purities of at least 97 mole percent, and more preferably at least about 99 mole percent. Another embodiment of the invention is neomenthyldiphenylphosphine having a purity of at least 97 mole percent produced by crystallizing crude neomenthyldiphenylphosphine having a purity of less than 97 mole percent using a solvent consisting essentially of methanol.

Process for purifying neomenthyldiphenylphosphine using methanol

Preparation of aralkanoic acids and esters using mixed ligand catalyst

N-�4-(cyanoethylthiomethyl)-2-thiazolyl!guanidine--a key intermediate for preparing the pharmaceutical, famotidine--is produced by mixing in a liquid medium formed from a chemically indifferent organic solvent and water, and under an inert atmosphere, (i) a 2-guanidino-4-halomethylthiazole or a hydrohalide complex thereof, (ii) an S-(2-cyanoethyl)isothiourea or a hydrohalide complex thereof, and (iii) a strong alkali metal base. In lieu of (ii), an alkali metal salt of 2-cyanoethyl-1-thiol can be used, and in such case use of (iii) is optional, but preferable.

Synthesis of thiazole derivatives

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Baton Rouge, LA, United States of America

Tse-Chong Wu