Hewlett-packard Development Company, L.p.

Troy A Farrar

Paul Howard Mazurkiewicz

Paul Hubbard Ford

Jon R Hall

An example system includes an x-ray absorber. The x-ray absorber is to convert received x-rays into electrical energy. The system also includes a memory. The memory is to receive the electrical energy. The memory also is to output a stored value using the electrical energy. The system includes a transmitter. The transmitter is to produce x-rays representative of the stored value.

X-ray powered data transmissions

A method of extracting information encoded in a product includes: determining a concentration of a non-functional amount of a chemical in a product, where the concentration corresponds to one of a plurality of possible concentration ranges, where each of the plurality of possible concentration ranges indicates different non-composition manufacturing information about the product.

Encoding information in chemical concentrations

A method of determining the geographic origin of a metal can comprise measuring a first isotope and a second isotope of the metal by high-resolution mass spectrometry; calculating a ratio of the first isotope and the second isotope; comparing the ratio to native ratios of isotopes of the metal of native samples from a plurality of geographic locations using a database; and matching the ratio to a geographic location.

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Fort Collins, CO, United States of America

Troy A Farrar