Japan Metals & Chemicals Co., Ltd.

Stanley Electric Co., Ltd

Toyoshi Iida

Kenichi Kondo

Shuichi Taya

Takahiro Saida

Takeshi Sotomura

Shunichi Osawa

Keiji Sato

Yuko Fujii

Masaru Nakamura

Mamoru Takahashi

Sadayasu Yamakawa

Tsugunori Honda

Yoshizi Saito

Michio Uemura

Yutaka Sato

An EL lamp having a higher luminescence efficiency and a process for manufacturing the same are provided. The EL element includes an aluminum foil having at least one specularly polished surface, an anodized oxide film formed on the specularly polished surface of the aluminum foil, a light emitting EL layer formed directly on the film, and a transparent electrode formed on the light emitting EL layer. The process for manufacturing an EL lamp includes the steps of polishing specularly at least one of the surfaces of an aluminum foil, forming an anodized oxide film on the specularly polished surface of the aluminum foil, and forming directly on the aluminum oxide film a light emitting EL layer and a transparent electrode.

Electroluminescence display

Drilling fluid additives are prepared by complexing humic acids and/or lignins, with three compounds of zirconium, nickel and iron. The metal composition of the additives is 1.3 to 2.5% of zirconium, 0.8 to 1.5% of nickel and 0.8 to 1.5% of iron, and is totally 3.0 to 5.5%. Thus, the drilling fluid additives, containing no chromium, can be used in wide temperature range for the drilling of oil, geothermal or gas wells with less gelation even by various contamination and cause no serious environmental pollution.

Drilling fluid additives

A drilling fluid additive comprising a complex compound or complex compounds, at least one compound to be selected out of a group of compounds of titanium, zirconium and hafnium belonging to group IVb of the periodic table and, as desired, at least one lignin ensures, for a long period, significantly improved mud functions even at elevated temperatures under high pressure such as encountered in the depths of the earth.

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Tsukuba, Japan

Toyoshi Iida