Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha

Nippondenso Co., Ltd.

Toshio Ito

Toshio Tanahashi

Norihiko Nakamura

Toyokazu Baika

Katsuhiko Hirose

Hiroshi Noguchi

Kingo Horii

Masanobu Kanamaru

Michiaki Ujihashi

Michiaki Uzihashi

Kazuhiro Itoh

Tatsuo Kobayashi

Hideo Nagaosa

Tsutomu Nakamura

Kouichi Osawa

Masahiko Masubuchi

Michio Furuhashi

Kenichi Nomura

Nobuo Habu

Taiyo Kawai

Yuuichi Kato

Kazuhiro Ito

Junichi Saiki

Yushiro Yasuda

Yoshio Kido

Shunichi Fujio

Takeyoshi Taya

Kouichi Nakae

A two-stroke engine having an intake valve and an exhaust valve arranged on an inner wall of the cylinder head, an intake passage connected to the cylinder via the intake valve, a fuel injection device arranged in the cylinder, for injecting fuel into the cylinder, a pressure regulator for regulating a fuel pressure supplied to the fuel injection device on the basis of a scavenging pressure in the intake passage, to thereby increase the fuel pressure in accordance with an increase of the scavenging pressure, and a control device for controlling the injection of fuel by the fuel injection device for a time ranging from a time at which the intake valve is opened to a time at which the scavenging pressure becomes equal to a pressure in the cylinder after the intake valve is closed.

Two-stroke engine

A two-stroke engine having an intake valve and an exhaust valve which are arranged on the cylinder head. A masking wall is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder head to mask the valve opening between the valve seat and the peripheral portion of the intake valve, which is located on the exhaust valve side, for the entire time for which the intake valve is open. The valve seat and the masking wall are formed by a built-up layer which is built up on the wall of the cylinder head and machined.

Combustion chamber of an engine

A two-stroke engine including a pair of intake valves which are symmetrically arranged with respect to a symmetrical plane including the axis of the cylinder. A masking wall is provided for each intake valve to mask the valve opening between the valve seat and the peripheral portion of the intake valve, which is located on the exhaust valve side, for the entire time for which the intake valve is open. These masking walls are also symmetrically arranged with respect to the symmetrical plane.

A two-stroke engine having an intake valve and an exhaust valve which are arranged on the cylinder head. A masking wall is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder head to mask the valve opening between the valve seat and the peripheral portion of the intake valve, which is located on the exhaust valve side, for the entire time for which the intake valve is open.

Combustion chamber of a two-stroke engine

A two-cycle internal combustion engine having three, or a multiple of three, cylinders comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which fresh air compressed by a supercharger is introduced via an intake valve. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. A one-way valve is provided in the intake port so as to prevent air or gas from flowing back toward the supercharger. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, so that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in the condition. In a heavy load condtion, cross scavenging and air charging effects due to exhaust pulsation can be achieved.

Two-cycle internal combustion engine

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. An inclined concavity is formed on a top face of a piston. An exhaust valve is opened earlier than the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, so that a part of exhaust gas in the exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition. The inclined concavity serves to smoothly guide the exhaust swirl.

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having two intake ports and an exhaust port opened to a combustion chamber, to which compresses fresh air is introduced via two intake valves. The intake and exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. During an idling or light load running condition, an air control valve closes the second intake port. The exhaust valve is opened earlier than the second intake valve, and the first intake valve is opened later than the second intake valve, while the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back into the condition chamber and the fresh air is slowly introduced via the first intake valve onto the exhaust gas swirl in the idling or light load condition. A large amount of fuel is rapidly introduced into the combustion chamber via the second intake valve in a heavy load condition.

A two-cycle internal combustion engine comprises a cylinder head having an intake port and two exhaust ports opened to a combustion chamber, to which compressed fresh air is introduced via an intake valve. The intake valve and two exhaust valves are operated in response to a crank angle. One of the exhaust valves is opened earlier than the other exhaust valve and the intake valve when the speed of the downward movement of the piston is relatively high, such that a part of exhaust gas in the one exhaust port flows back to the combustion chamber in that condition. An exhaust gas swirl rotating around a cylinder axis is formed when the exhaust gas flows back and the fresh air is slowly introduced onto the exhaust gas swirl in that condition.

A method of manufacturing an integral type crankshaft bearing cap for an internal combustion engine. The integral type crankshaft bearing cap comprises crankshaft bearing caps spacedly arranged in the longitudinal direction of the engine and a beam extending in the longitudinal direction of the engine. The manufacturing method comprises making a plurality of models of the crankshaft bearing caps of resin used in full mold casting, arranging the models and connecting the models to the beam, and replacing the resin constituting the models with metal in full mold casting, thereby integrating the replaced metal and the beam.

Manufacturing method for an integral type crankshaft bearing cap

A shift indication apparatus having an engine rotation sensor, a throttle valve sensor, and a shift position sensor, a microcomputer having a ROM and RAM for storing data corresponding to the engine speed, throttle valve openings, and the shift positions therein, and an indicator for indicating preferable shift positions to be performed by a driver in which a torque data map and a fuel consumption rate data map have stored in the ROM for calculating various torque and fuel consumption rates so as to obtain preferable shift positions relating to optimum fuel consumption rate in accordance with said data detected. With this construction, it becomes possible for a driver to run his car in accordance with the indications of the shift operation on the indicator so as to enable the economical running of the car to be realized.

Growing community of inventors

Susono, Japan

Toshio Ito